Focus on complex products, consider the common technology research and development model of multi-party cooperation and the limited rational characteristics of R D enterprises, introducing the cooperative R D efficiency, diffusion degree, fairness preference and other parameters, refining government subsidies, government non-subsidy, and government-led three common technology supply models, building a Stackelberg game model, discussing government optimal subsidies, and comparing government revenues under various models. The results show that under the market-oriented situation, the government can provide certain subsidies to increase the total output of the industry; the government"s optimal subsidy is affected by relevant parameters; when the the level of fairness preference is low and the degree of diffusion is high, the government subsidies model has higher returns than the government- led model.