Public health emergencies not only threaten people's life and health. In order to effectively respond to public health emergencies, China needs to establish and improve the national public health emergency management system, improve the national biosafety governance capacity, which needs strong scientific and technological achievements to support. Based on this, using CiteSpace software to analyze the research status and hot spots in this field, 5412 related literatures in the field of public health emergencies in 2010-2019 in the web of Science (WOS) database were analyzed, including core country analysis, journal citation analysis, reference citation analysis, keyword co-occurrence analysis and keyword burst detection. From the four aspects of core countries, reference citation, keywords and keyword emergence, this research reveals the knowledge deduction process, research hotspot and emerging hotspot in the field of public health emergencies. The study found that the hotspots of public health emergencies are infectious diseases, emergency medicine, emergency management and air pollution. Among them, viruses that cause major infectious diseases have been the focus of research. This study can provide direction reference for scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation in the field of public health emergencies.