Abstract: The improvement of the sophistication of inter-provincial outflows not only determines the exertion of China’s big country effect, but also determines the high-quality development of China’s economy. Therefore, based on the input-output tables of China’s 30 provinces for 6 years, this paper uses several methods to systematically analyze the sophistication of China’s inter-provincial outflows from 1987 to 2012. The main findings are as follows: (1) The sophistication of China’s inter-provincial outflows increases significantly, and all provinces show a convergence trend. (2) The inter-provincial outflows sophistication of coastal provinces is higher than that of inland provinces, but the inland provinces have obvious catch-up effect. (3) In the process of increasing the sophistication of China’s interprovincial outflows, intra-sector effect plays a major role, while inter-sector effect plays a minor role. (4) The improving path of the sophistication of China’s inter-provincial outflows is reasonable, which is growth-oriented and accompanied with the reduction of inter-provincial inequality. (5) The ranking level of each province’s inter-provincial outflows sophistication has certain stability; however, the provinces in the middle and high grades still face a greater risk of downgrade, and the provinces in the lower grades have a greater difficulty in achieving a grade jump.