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近几年,社会普遍关注学前儿童心理健康,并已进行很多研究分析。事实上,必须要重视儿童心理健康发展,许多幼儿园教师及家长往往更关注儿童身体健康,不重视心理健康。基于此,特以学前儿童心理健康教育为研究对象,介绍了影响学前儿童心理健康的主要因素,提出了学前儿童健康心理教育的有效策略,希望可以为有需要的人提供参考意见。 相似文献
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《南昌教育学院学报》2015,(5):106-108
学前儿童攻击性行为是幼儿园中比较常见的问题行为之一,也被称为侵犯性行为。根据学前儿童攻击行为的性质可以划分为无意性、表现性、工具性和敌意性这四种类型。学前儿童攻击行为产生的原因主要有来自个人的生理学因素和理解歪曲因素,家庭的教养方式,幼儿园教师的关注度程度和强化方式以及社会影响等。有效解决学前儿童的攻击性行为可以从教给儿童正确解决的问题的方式方法,提供给儿童适合的模仿榜样,强化儿童亲近社会的行为以及引导学前儿童正确观看动画片内容这些方面着手。 相似文献
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学前儿童心理发展的一个重要方面就是情感,认识、了解学前儿童这方面的发展,对于我们正确全面理解、把握学前儿童心理发展的规律、趋势,更好地与学前儿童在心理上的交往,优化儿童生活精神环境,以及促进儿童心理更加积极健康的发展,具有十分重大的作用。一、情感的涵义情绪情感是心理活动的重要方面,对儿童心理、行为具有重大影响,它起着强烈而明显的动机 相似文献
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采用文献法和访谈法,在邢台市进行了影响学前儿童心理发展的家庭因素对学前儿童的心理发展所产生的影响的调查研究.结果发现,影响学前儿童心理发展的家庭因素主要有家庭结构、父母的育儿观、家庭成员之间的关系、家长的教养方式等四个方面.这四个方面都会对学前儿童心理发展产生巨大影响. 相似文献
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针对我国学前儿童心理健康的现状和存在问题,探讨了影响在园幼儿心理健康因素,并针对这些因素提出了相应的对策,为学前儿童的健康成长与教育的可持续发展提供一定参考。 相似文献
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在幼儿园里,学前儿童和教师的关系是最基本的人际关系之一。学前儿童与教师之间的关系不融洽甚至紧张,会成为引起学前儿童心理失调的重要原因。所以创设有益于学前儿童心理健康的心理社会环境,是很必要的。 相似文献
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攻击行为是学前儿童身上比较常见的一种不良社会行为,本文在论述学前儿童攻击行为发展规律及影响因素的基础上,提出了以下矫正策略：有效干预儿童的攻击事实;引导儿童掌握解决人际问题的技能和策略;及时鼓励儿童的亲社会行为;教育活动的组织和实施应充分考虑不同年龄儿童的特点。 相似文献
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学前儿童饮食行为问题是学前儿童生长发育过程中的常见问题,一般表现为强烈偏爱或厌恶某些食物、吃得慢、吃得少、食欲差、吃饭时注意力不集中、对食物缺乏兴趣等,涉及到饮食行为主体心理、饮食环境、饮食习惯等多个维度。学前儿童饮食行为问题对学前儿童的生长发育造成了诸多负面影响,因此探讨学前儿童饮食行为问题的影响因素有利于认清学前儿童饮食行为问题产生的原因,进而为通过健康教育帮助学前儿童形成良好的饮食行为习惯提供依据。 相似文献
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分享是人类的一种亲社会行为的表现,学会分享、养成分享的习惯对于学前儿童社会性的发展具有重要的意义。在幼儿园中,许多儿童独占着自己的食物或玩具,不愿意与同学和老师分享,同时我们也意识到学前儿童的分享行为会影响今后的生理、心理、智力等各方面的发展。针对此问题,本文指出了学前儿童分享行为的重要价值,着重阐述影响幼儿分享行为的因素:个人因素、家庭因素、幼儿教师因素和同伴关系因素,并提出从家长、教师、社会等方面来培养学前儿童分享行为。 相似文献
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This article reviewed the recent fifteen years’ articles of empirical research on preschool children’s mental health, highlighting the issue concerning minors’ mental health. It found that psychological measurement tools were mainly revised from foreign countries, and that preschool children’s mental health were influenced by their coping styles, family upbringing modes, parents’ mental health and marital quality, parent-child relationships, teachers’ mental health, etc. And there was no enough evidence that factors such as age, gender, temperament, family socio-economic status, etc. had any effects on the mental health of preschool children. It, therefore, suggested that further research were needed in the aspects of measurement tools, physical environment and other social, cultural and physiological factors, influential mechanisms and multiple research methods 相似文献
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普惠性学前教育产生于我国构建以公平公正理念为核心的社会政策体系背景之下,它从国家政策走向地方实践、从学术理想走向社会现实仍需多视角、多维度的拓展研究。普惠性学前教育蕴含国家对学前教育发展的价值期盼和文化寄托,是慈幼文化变迁的时代性表达与彰显、民本文化演进的实践性转化与弘扬、共同体文化复苏的领域性传导与伸张。当前,普惠性学前教育的现实推进遭遇文化困境:系统性误识导致发展进程背离既定目标、文化堕距掣肘政策推进的动力系统、文化冲突阻挠社会群体的通力合作。以文化共鸣为切入点创新普惠性学前教育的发展路径,是中国语境下推动普惠性学前教育发展的必然之选。政策设计者需形塑舆论场域实现文化培育,政策执行者要消除文化区隔促进文化整合,政策目标群体应反思文化立场加快文化调适。 相似文献
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María Dolores Calero Antonio Fernández-Parra Sonia López-Rubio Rosario Carles Sara Mata María del Carmen Vives Elena Navarro José Márquez 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2013,28(1):133-155
The continuing incorporation of immigrant populations into the Spanish educational system poses an important challenge in that all participants must cooperate toward creating the best possible adaptation process at the academic level as well as on the personal and social levels. A number of different factors appear to influence children’s adjustment during the preschool stage, and these factors are especially relevant since many studies have shown that this is a key period for the prevention of future difficulties. The present study examines the variables involved in the adaptation of a group of preschool-aged children from different cultural backgrounds in Spain. The results indicate that preschoolers, regardless of their background, have similar performance and learning potential, with language proficiency being the factor that most clearly affects the other variables investigated. It was also found that children’s attitudes toward learning were related to the presence of behavioral difficulties and with the quality and type of parental child-rearing practices. These practices appear to be related to a number of difficulties immigrant children may experience on personal and social levels. 相似文献
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儿童的自然成长具有普遍一致的规律,而我们在寻求发展客观规律的同时也不得不考虑文化教育的影响。本文从发展心理学的研究角度,探讨儿童在父母教养和社会文化环境中社会心理调整和学业努力的特征,以期建立适当的文化环境来促进青少年的发展。研究中,我们调查了中美两国儿童对其父母权威和父母教养实践的感知,并分析了儿童解释父母采取如此的实践的原因。基于父母教养方式的跨文化研究,理解在不同文化背景下儿童的社会心理与生活体验相互作用的意义,以进一步探索儿童在社会文化环境中的自主与调节。 相似文献
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Research over the past few decades has highlighted the importance of social and emotional competence in preschool children on later academic, social, and psychological outcomes. Children who are socially and emotionally competent have increased socialization opportunities with peers, develop more friends, have better relationships with their parents and teachers, and enjoy more academic and social successes. Children who lack social and emotional competence are at risk for reduced socialization opportunities, rejection, withdrawal, behavioral disturbance, and achievement problems. Intervention programs that target social–emotional development in preschool are ideally situated to bolster these skills before the problems exacerbate. In this paper, research on the importance of social and emotional competence in young children is reviewed as it relates to immediate and long‐term outcomes. Assessments of social and emotional development and behavioral adjustment are briefly reviewed, followed by a review of intervention programs with demonstrated empirical efficacy. Although preliminary evidence supports the utility of these intervention programs, additional research on short‐ and long‐term efficacy is recommended, and more programs designed specifically for early childhood are needed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Peter LaFreniere Nobuo Masataka Marina Butovskaya Qin Chen Maria Auxiliadora Dessen Klaus Atwanger Susanne Schreiner Rosario Montirosso Alessandra Frigerio 《Early education and development》2002,13(2):201-220
A multi-national study using the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Inventory (SCBE-30) was conducted to investigate preschool children's social and emotional development across cultures. A total of 4,640 children from eight participating countries, including Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, Italy, Japan, Russia, and the United States were evaluated by their preschool teachers. The main objective of the study was to validate the SCBE-30 in each country and build a cross-cultural data set for the investigation of universals, as well as cultural differences, in the development of preschool children's social competence and the frequency and type of their behavioral problems. Results provide a clear case for the structural equivalence of the SCBE-30 across all samples, for universals in the structure of early social behavior, and possibly some differences that may be attributed to culture. The pattern of gender differences found in North American samples was found to generalize across cultural contexts as preschool boys were universally reported to be significantly more aggressive and viewed as less socially competent than girls. Age differences were also found in all eight samples reflecting increasing competence in older children, however age trends in the prevalence of behavior problems were culture specific. 相似文献
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现代管理学的发展已经由科学管理向文化管理转变。在中国学前教育发展中民办幼儿园占主要市场,国家投入少,生源竞争激烈,办园质量良莠不齐,民办幼儿园只有"以人为本"进行文化管理,办出特色,打造品牌,才能赢得良好的社会效益和经济效益。而幼儿园文化管理的实质就是幼儿园的文化建设,因此加强民办幼儿园的物质文化、制度文化、精神文化建设是其可持续发展的重要途径。 相似文献
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İkbal Tuba Şahin-Sak Ramazan Sak Fatma Tezel-Şahin 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2018,38(1):35-52
This survey-based quantitative study investigates 310 Turkish preschool teachers’ views about classroom management, using the following six models of disciplinary strategy: behavioral change theory, Dreikurs’ social discipline model, Canter’s assertive discipline model, the Glasser model of discipline, Kounin’s model, and Gordon’s teacher effectiveness training (TET) model. Data were collected through a demographic information form and the Discipline Strategies Questionnaire. The results showed that the participant teachers usually agreed with items that reflected a child-centered approach to classroom management. Also, the respondents’ views of Dreikurs’ social discipline model and Gordon’s TET model differed according to their gender. The teachers’ views related to behavioral change theory and Gordon’s TET also varied markedly, depending on the ages of the children they taught. 相似文献
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Preschool inclusion in the United States: a review of research from an ecological systems perspective 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Samuel L. Odom Joann Vitztum Ruth Wolery Joan Lieber Susan Sandall Marci J. Hanson Paula Beckman Ilene Schwartz Eva Horn 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2004,4(1):17-49
Using an ecological systems conceptual framework proposed by Bronfenbrenner, research on the inclusion of preschool children with disabilities in programs with typically developing children was reviewed. Drawing mainly from studies conducted in the United States, research on child characteristics (biosystem), classroom practices (microsystem), family perspectives (mesosystem), social policy (exosystem), culture (macrosystem), and changes in variables across time (chronosystem) is described. Positive developmental and behavioral outcomes occur for children with and without disabilities in inclusive settings, although as a group, children with disabilities are not as socially integrated as their typically developing peers. Parent attitudes are generally positive although they voice some concerns about inclusion. Several social policy issues within the U.S. system (e.g., enforcement of standards, fiscal issues) serve as barriers to and facilitators of implementation of preschool inclusion, and cultural variables shape the nature of inclusive classrooms as well as family access to inclusive settings. 相似文献