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1.
蒋欣欣 《南昌教育学院学报》2010,25(5):88-89
本文针对高职院校大学物理的教学现状和学生学习基础的各种原因,提出在大学物理的教学方法上应当以激发学生的学习兴趣为主,提高大学物理的教学质量和学生学习大学物理的能力和处理问题的方法。 相似文献
2.
Interest is important for successful student learning, but little is known about the developmental dynamics between interest and social support in classrooms. Based on the stage-environment fit theory, this study investigated the interrelation of developmental changes in student class-level interest and perceived teacher support in mathematics classes over one school year after the students transitioned to secondary school. We also examined how teacher-reported enthusiasm was related to these changes. Data of 1000 students (53.6% male) and their classroom teachers (N = 42), who were surveyed at the beginning of Grades 5 and 6, were analyzed. The results showed a significant decline in class-level mathematics interest and perceived teacher support. Teacher-reported enthusiasm buffered the decline in class-level mathematics interest. When including bidirectional relationships between perceived teacher support and the students’ interest, perceived class-level teacher support in Grade 5 positively predicted the change in student interest and, thus, buffered the decline. 相似文献
3.
Student ratings of teaching quality in primary school: Dimensions and prediction of student outcomes
The contribution examines theoretical foundations, factorial structure, and predictive power of student ratings of teaching quality. Three basic dimensions of teaching quality have previously been described: classroom management, cognitive activation, and supportive climate. However, student ratings, especially those provided by primary school students, have been criticised for being biased by factors such as teacher popularity. The present study examines ratings of teaching quality and science learning among third graders. Results of multilevel confirmatory factor analyses (N = 1556 students, 89 classes) indicate that the three-dimensional model of teaching quality can be replicated in ratings of third graders. In a longitudinal study (N = 1070 students, 54 classes), we found ratings of classroom management to predict student achievement, and ratings of cognitive activation and supportive climate to predict students' development of subject-related interest after teacher popularity is controlled for. The analyses show that student ratings can be useful measures of teaching quality in primary school. 相似文献
4.
The impact of physics teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge and motivation on students’ achievement and interest 
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下载免费PDF全文 This paper examines students’ achievement and interest and the extent to which they are predicted by teacher knowledge and motivation. Student achievement and interest are both considered desirable outcomes of school instruction. Teacher pedagogical content knowledge has been identified a major predictor of student achievement in previous research, whereas teacher motivation is considered a decisive factor influencing students’ interest. So far, however, most research either focused on knowledge or motivation (both on the students’ as well as the teachers’ side), rarely investigating them together or examining the instructional mechanisms through which the supposed effects of teacher knowledge and motivation are facilitated. In the present study, N = 77 physics teachers and their classes in Germany and Switzerland are investigated utilizing a multi‐method approach in combining data obtained from test‐instruments (teacher pedagogical content knowledge, student achievement) and questionnaires (teacher motivation, student interest, student perceived enthusiastic teaching) as well as videotaped instruction (cognitive activation rated by observers). Multi‐level structural equation modeling was used to support the assumptions that teacher pedagogical content knowledge positively predicted students’ achievement; the effect was mediated by cognitive activation. Teachers’ motivation predicted students’ interest which was mediated by enthusiastic teaching as perceived by students. Neither did teacher pedagogical content knowledge predict students’ interest, nor teacher motivation students’ achievement. This implies that in order to improve students’ cognitive as well as affective outcomes, both teachers’ knowledge but also their motivation need to be considered. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Research in Science Teaching Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 54:586–614, 2017 相似文献
5.
Student ratings are widely used to assess teaching quality in primary and secondary education. This necessitates a thorough examination their validity and reliability in such contexts. To this end, we present validity evidence for using student ratings of teaching quality based on their factorial structure, comparability across grades and subjects, and relation to achievement. Based on data from the 2019 Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and its national extensions in Norway (N = 3951 5th graders and N = 4575 9th graders), we could confirm a theoretically assumed three-dimensional factor structure (i.e., classroom management, cognitive activation, and supportive climate). Moreover, classroom management and supportive climate were more comparable across grades and subjects then cognitive activation. Finally, classroom management was associated with achievement across all groups, whereas other dimensions showed mixed results, especially across grades. Overall, the findings indicate that students, especially in Grade 9, can provide a valid assessment of teaching quality. 相似文献
6.
Quality of field experiences during teacher education as well as individual characteristics of student teachers are considered important for the development of teaching skills. In the present study we investigated both organizational and individual predictors of self-rated teaching skills in student teachers for secondary schools in Germany (N = 443). As predictor variables for teaching skills after a field experience we assessed the perceived quality of the internship as well as personality traits, as control variables prior educational experiences and academic abilities. The assessed quality feature “linking theory and practice” explained more variance in the prediction of teaching skills than personality traits. 相似文献
7.
This study focuses on the association between classroom composition characteristics and teaching quality, with the aim of understanding the role of teaching quality as a mechanism underlying compositional effects. We examine how teaching quality is associated with the student body that is taught. Multilevel analyses of a sample of 1,070 3rd graders have indicated that cognitive and motivational composition of the classroom had an association with the classroom management dimension of teaching quality, whereas sociocultural composition was not associated to any of the teaching quality dimensions rated by the students. Correlations at the classroom level have also pointed at a relationship between the teachers’ and observers’ ratings of classroom management and the composition of general cognitive abilities and interest. We suggest that these findings also have implications for the theoretical conceptualization and the empirical assessment of teaching quality. 相似文献
8.
Maria Berge Anna Danielsson Malena Lidar 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2020,38(1):63-83
ABSTRACTBackground: Physics is often seen as a discipline with difficult content, and one that is difficult to identify with. Socialisation processes at the upper secondary school level are of particular interest as these may be linked to the subsequent low and uneven participation in university physics. Focusing on how norms are construed in physics classrooms in upper secondary school is therefore relevant.Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify discursive patterns in teacher–student interactions in physics classrooms.Design and methods: Three different physics lessons with one class of students taught by three different teachers in upper secondary school were video-recorded. Positioning theory was used to analyse classroom interaction with a specific focus on how physics was positioned.Results: We identified seven different storylines. Four of them (‘reaching a solution to textbook problems’, ‘discussing physics concepts in order to gain better understanding’, ‘doing empirical enquiry’ and ‘preparing for the upcoming exam’) represent what teaching physics in an upper secondary school classroom can be. The last three storylines (‘mastering physics’, ‘appreciating physics’ and ‘having a feeling for physics’) all concern how students are supposed to relate to physics and, thus, become ‘insiders’ in the discipline.Conclusions: The identification and analysis of storylines raises awareness of the choices teachers make in physics education and their potential consequences for students. For example, in the storyline of mastering physics a good physics student is associated with ‘smartness’, which might make the classroom a less secure place in general. Variation and diversity in the storylines construed in teaching can potentially contribute to a more inclusive physics education. 相似文献
9.
The purpose of this study was to explore the utility of the theory of planned behavior model developed by social psychologists for understanding and predicting the behavioral intentions of secondary science students regarding enrolling in physics. In particular, the study used a three-stage causal model to investigate the links from external variables to behavioral, normative, and control beliefs; from beliefs to attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control; and from attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control to behavioral intentions. The causal modeling method was employed to verify the underlying causes of secondary science students' interest in enrolling physics as predicted in the theory of planned behavior. Data were collected from secondary science students (N = 264) residing in a central Texas city who were enrolled in earth science (8th grade), biology (9th grade), physical science (10th grade), or chemistry (11th grade) courses. Cause-and-effect relationships were analyzed using path analysis to test the direct effects of model variables specified in the theory of planned behavior. Results of this study indicated that students' intention to enroll in a high school physics course was determined by their attitude toward enrollment and their degree of perceived behavioral control. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were, in turn, formed as a result of specific beliefs that students held about enrolling in physics. Grade level and career goals were found to be instrumental in shaping students' attitude. Immediate family members were identified as major referents in the social support system for enrolling in physics. Course and extracurricular conflicts and the fear of failure were shown to be the primary beliefs obstructing students' perception of control over physics enrollment. Specific recommendations are offered to researchers and practitioners for strengthening secondary school students' intentions to study physics. 相似文献
10.
This study examines the impact of course quality on pre-service physics teachers’ content knowledge (CK) development. Teachers’ CK is one prerequisite to effective teaching. To support teachers in developing CK, the quality of higher education content courses plays a major role. Yet, models of course quality for higher education vary in their dimensions and it is hence not clear how course quality is best conceptualized. To address this issue, we analyzed data from N = 107 pre-service physics teachers’ CK over one year. We used confirmatory factor analysis to determine the number and nature of dimensions for course quality. Next, we used path models to investigate the impact on CK development. Our results show that a four-dimensional model described CK course quality best and that the cognitive support dimension in particular supports CK development. This highlights the importance of focusing on cognitive support for improving pre-service physics teachers’ CK development. 相似文献
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The aim of the present study was to model student trajectories of behavioral, affective, and cognitive engagement from Grade 3 to Grade 6. The authors also examined whether teachers perceptions could predict student trajectory membership. The authors collected data from a sample of 831 students and 152 teachers. Using multiple-process growth mixture modeling, they identified 5 distinct trajectories of student engagement. Although a large majority of children presented a stable and high level of engagement on the three dimensions over time, more than one third of them showed a lower or changing level of engagement as the years progressed. These students were more likely to be boys and to be perceived by teachers as being less engaged. They also present more learning or behavioral problems and share less positive relationships with teachers. The results support the need to consider group-based differences when designing and adapting prevention and intervention strategies to favor student engagement. 相似文献
13.
曾文梅 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2012,(8):205-206
在物理教学中,适当的引入有针对性的工程实例,对于激发学生对物理课程的兴趣,培养学生的探究精神,形成严谨的思维模式,提高学生的自学能力和综合素质,有着很好的推进作用。本文以跳台跳水泳池深度研究这个工程实例为例,通过具体的分析过程,讨论了工程实例在实际教学中的作用。 相似文献
14.
Taking as a basis a conceptualisation of personal challenge having both cognitive/metacognitive (thinking) and affective (feeling)
components, the nature and extent of perceived challenge in learning and teaching science were explored for seven teachers
and thirty-seven students in five secondary schools over a period of five months. Findings suggest that many secondary students
are not challenged by the science they learn in school. Similary, many secondary science teachers are insufficiently challenged
by the task of teaching. There are indications, however, that science teaching and learning attitudes and practices can be
improved if teachers work to diagnose and change key classroom factors that influence level of perceived challenge in learning. 相似文献
15.
杨秀莲 《南昌教育学院学报》2010,25(5):104-105
教材不仅是学生学习的资源,也是学生学习的工具。对于中职学校德育教材而言,它不仅是一门科学知识,而且是一门意识形态,负有促使中职学生道德社会化和道德个性化的基本任务。本文分析研究探讨当前中职学校德育教育教材,对于推进中等职校德育教育教学,全面推进素质教育和提高中职学生思想道德素质具有十分重要的意义与作用。 相似文献
16.
We came to this study with a set of beliefs about good science teaching that had been heavily influenced by the constructivist literature of the past decade. In this article we reexamine some of our own assumptions about good teaching by exploring the classroom practices of an experienced physics teacher. This teacher did not fit the mold of the constructivist teacher and, yet, there was much to suggest that he was meeting the needs of the students in his class. His methods were almost entirely whole class—focusing mainly on physics content, examination technique and algorithm practice. Our close observation of this teacher in his Grade 11 classroom over several months suggests an alternative framework for examining his work. We examine this framework through a number of themes: teacher confidence, the structure of the discipline, student motivation, trust, and the cultural context of learning. We argue for a broader view of good science teaching than that proposed by the constructivist literature, one that takes into account teachers' and students' understandings of science in relation to their social and cultural contexts. 相似文献
17.
Adrian Fordham 《Research in Science Education》1980,10(1):107-117
Conclusion This paper has been concerned with the application of basic understandings about intrinsic motivation and curiosity behaviour
to the teaching of science, and in particular senior high school biology. The important role of student knowledge in the generation,
maintenance and resolution of cognitive conflict is congruent with the renewed interest in studying students' everyday knowledge
of curriculum content. However the study of classroom teaching processes in terms of their facilitation of intrinsic motivation
is not common. Yet the data collected in this study demonstrates the importance of closely examining the implementation of
courses such as the Web of Life, if the arousal of intrinsic motivation is an intended student outcome. Both interview and
observational data indicated that the teaching styles adopted by teachers in this study were not likely to engender curiosity
amongst students. Perhaps this should be expected. The use of a wide range of reference materials to investigate problems
that arise in the classroom, the encouragement of students to do additional work on a topic if they are particularly interested,
and a willingness on the part of the teacher to allow students sufficient time to formulate their own solutions to problems
are classroom processes which necessitate a greater flexibility in curriculum presentation than can be often tolerated by
teacher and school management. Such processes may be incompatible with organisational properties of the school and the pressures
often placed upon students to perform to a high standard on rigidly defined examinations. 相似文献
18.
《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(5):276-286
Abstract Materials designed and used by secondary English teachers to assess student learning and instructional effectiveness were examined. Participants taught Grade 10 English at a midwest suburban high school and worked together to develop the materials used in their classrooms. Unit tests, semester examinations, and writing and speech assignments were analyzed to determine the proportion that involved open-ended written (or oral) responses versus multiple-choice items, the extent to which they incorporated direct as opposed to indirect means of assessment, and the cognitive levels involved. Materials also were examined to determine what conceptions or models of teaching and learning they reflected. The teachers used constructivist assessment methods sparingly, possibly because they perceived them as making it more difficult to maintain student attention, cooperation, and classroom control than with traditional approaches. 相似文献
19.
《Learning and Instruction》2007,17(5):494-509
This article examines the effect of classroom management strategies on students' interest development in secondary school mathematics classes. Two studies using student questionnaire data (one cross-sectional, with data from 400 students; the other longitudinal, with 1900 students) are reported. Results show that students' perceptions of rule clarity and teacher monitoring are positively related to their interest. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine the effect of classroom management on interest development over one school year, revealing that only individually perceived classroom management strategies and none of the class-level teaching characteristics (aggregated student data) affected interest development. 相似文献
20.
Teaching quality is a key factor in student academic success, but few studies have investigated how teaching quality changes at the beginning of secondary education and how such changes are predicted by dimensions of teacher motivation. This study investigated the changes in class-level student perceptions of teaching quality over one school year at the beginning of secondary school and examined how teachers' self-efficacy and enthusiasm predicted such changes. Data from 1996 students (53.8% male; mean age: 11.09 years, SD = 0.55) and their homeroom teachers (N = 105), who were surveyed at the beginning of Grades 5 and 6, were analyzed. Results showed a significant decline in class-level student-perceived emotional support, classroom management, and instructional clarity. Teacher-reported self-efficacy was not significantly related to changes in teaching quality. Teacher-reported enthusiasm buffered the decline in students’ class-level classroom management. 相似文献