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1.
Salvatore Andolina Khalil Klouche Tuukka Ruotsalo Patrik Floréen Giulio Jacucci 《Information processing & management》2018,54(6):1182-1202
Collaborative and co-located information access is becoming increasingly common. However, fairly little attention has been devoted to the design of ubiquitous computing approaches for spontaneous exploration of large information spaces enabling co-located collaboration. We investigate whether an entity-based user interface provides a solution to support co-located search on heterogeneous devices. We present the design and implementation of QueryTogether, a multi-device collaborative search tool through which entities such as people, documents, and keywords can be used to compose queries that can be shared to a public screen or specific users with easy touch enabled interaction. We conducted mixed-methods user experiments with twenty seven participants (nine groups of three people), to compare the collaborative search with QueryTogether to a baseline adopting established search and collaboration interfaces. Results show that QueryTogether led to more balanced contribution and search engagement. While the overall s-recall in search was similar, in the QueryTogether condition participants found most of the relevant results earlier in the tasks, and for more than half of the queries avoided text entry by manipulating recommended entities. The video analysis demonstrated a more consistent common ground through increased attention to the common screen, and more transitions between collaboration styles. Therefore, this provided a better fit for the spontaneity of ubiquitous scenarios. QueryTogether and the corresponding study demonstrate the importance of entity based interfaces to improve collaboration by facilitating balanced participation, flexibility of collaboration styles and social processing of search entities across conversation and devices. The findings promote a vision of collaborative search support in spontaneous and ubiquitous multi-device settings, and better linking of conversation objects to searchable entities. 相似文献
2.
Communication is considered to be one of the most essential components of collaboration, but our understanding as to which form of communication provides the most optimal cost-benefit balance lacks severely. To help investigate effects of various communication channels on a collaborative project, we conducted a user study with 30 pairs (60 participants) in three different conditions – co-located, remotely located with text chat, and remotely located with text as well as audio chat, in an exploratory search task. Using both quantitative and qualitative data analysis, we found that teams with remotely located participants were more effective in terms of being able to explore more diverse information. Adding audio support for remote collaboration helped participants to lower their cognitive load as well as negative emotions compared to those working in the same space. We also show how these findings could help design more effective systems for collaborative information seeking tasks using adequate and appropriate communication. We argue that collaboration is an important aspect of human-centered IR, and that our work provides interesting insights into people doing information seeking/retrieval in collaboration. 相似文献
3.
To innovate, firms often need to draw from, and collaborate with, a large number of actors from outside their organization. At the same time, firms need also to be focused on capturing the returns from their innovative ideas. This gives rise to a paradox of openness—the creation of innovations often requires openness, but the commercialization of innovations requires protection. Based on econometric analysis of data from a UK innovation survey, we find a concave relationship between firms’ breadth of external search and formal collaboration for innovation, and the strength of the firms’ appropriability strategies. We show that this concave relationship is stronger for breadth of formal collaboration than for external search. There is also partial evidence suggesting that the relationship is less pronounced for both external search and formal collaboration if firms do not draw ideas from or collaborate with competitors. We explore the implications of these findings for the literature on open innovation and innovation strategy. 相似文献
4.
Umer Farooq Craig H. GanoeJohn M. Carroll Isaac G. CouncillC. Lee Giles 《Information processing & management》2008
Awareness has been extensively studied in human computer interaction (HCI) and computer supported cooperative work (CSCW). The success of many collaborative systems hinges on effectively supporting awareness of different collaborators, their actions, and the process of creating shared work products. As digital libraries are increasingly becoming more than just repositories for information search and retrieval – essentially fostering collaboration among its community of users – awareness remains an unexplored research area in this domain. We are investigating awareness mechanisms in CiteSeer, a scholarly digital library for the computer and information science domain. CiteSeer users can be notified of new publication events (e.g., publication of a paper that cites one of their papers) using feeds as notification systems. We present three cumulative user studies – requirements elicitation, prototype evaluation, and naturalistic study – in the context of supporting CiteSeer feeds. Our results indicate that users prefer feeds that place target items in query-relevant contexts, and that preferred context varies with type of publication event. We found that users integrated feeds as part of their broader, everyday activities and used them as planning tools to collaborate with others. 相似文献
5.
As a new perspective in this era of infectious disease confronting humanity (that cannot be avoided), and in light of research done to date, this article identifies the importance of exploratory research on the business and social impacts of “collaboration systems” which include video conferencing tools - important IT applications for companies. The article proposes analysis integrating four research streams on the digital transformation of work styles through collaboration systems. 相似文献
6.
[目的/意义]在数字人文跨学科协作网络日益扩大的过程中,分析跨学科多元主体间的共生规律,对提高数字人文跨学科协作效率、推动范式转型具有重要意义。[方法/过程]以共生理论作为逻辑起点,基于共生单元、共生模式与共生环境三方面构建了数字人文多主体共生的分析框架,并对分析框架中的角度选取、质参量识别两个关键问题进行了讨论与说明。[结果/结论]结果表明,数字人文多元主体可界定为四大共生单元群落,群落间所呈现共生状态的未来演化方向,将是增强主体协作效率的关键。可选取图书情报与档案管理领域所在的群落为分析角度,利用质参量所描述的共生度来测量上述共生状态。 相似文献
7.
《Information processing & management》1999,35(3):363-379
As digital libraries grow to global scale, the provision of interactive access to content in many languages will become increasingly important. In systems that support query-based searching, the presence of multilingual content will affect both the search technology itself and the user interface components that support query formulation, document selection and query refinement. This article describes the interactions among these components and presents a practical way of evaluating the adequacy of the selection interface. A categorization-based model for the user's selection process is presented and an experimental methodology suitable for obtaining process centered results in this context is developed. The methodology is applied to assess the adequacy of a selection interface in which multiple candidate translations for a term can be simultaneously presented. The results indicate that the modeled selection process is somewhat less effective when users are presented with multi-translation glosses from Japanese to English rather than materials generated originally in English, but that users with access to the gloss translations substantially outperform a Naive Bayes classification algorithm. 相似文献
8.
This paper aims to contribute to the lack of design knowledge on digital platforms (DPs), by studying the new and specific context of DPs managed by industrial business associations (IBAs) to improve the internationalisation of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). A specific objective is to elicit detailed digital platform’s requirements and features for this particular organisational context. A design science research (DSR) approach is adopted to develop design propositions (the artifact), following the context-intervention-mechanism-outcome logic (CIMO-logic). The design propositions are derived for DPs that can support different types of generative mechanisms of social interaction: information sharing, collaboration, and collective action. The design propositions are obtained by balancing empirical knowledge based on interviews performed with IBAs and SMEs in Portugal and in the UK, with theoretical knowledge from the literature of information systems, DPs and collaborative networks (CNs). The utility of the design propositions is further evaluated by experts and IBAs. The findings are proved to be relevant for practice, mainly for IBAs, SMEs, and digital platform designers to develop more effective collaborative DPs and sociotechnical systems, supporting CNs and the internationalisation needs of SMEs. The knowledge generated in this study brings new design knowledge on DPs, contributing with design propositions translated into tangible and concrete requirements and capabilities, situated in a specific context and empirical setting. 相似文献
9.
《Information processing & management》2023,60(4):103399
Developing a tourism forecasting function in decision support systems has become critical for businesses and governments. The existing forecasting models considering spatial relations contain insufficient information, and the spatial aggregation of simple tourist volume series limits the forecasting accuracy. Using human-generated search engines and social media data has the potential to address this issue. In this paper, a spatial aggregation-based multimodal deep learning method for hourly attraction tourist volume forecasting is developed. The model first extracts the daily features of attractions from search engine data; then mines the spatial aggregation relationships in social media data and multi-attraction tourist volume data. Finally, the model fuses hourly features with daily features to make forecasting. The model is tested using a dataset containing several attractions with real-time tourist volume at 15-minute intervals from November 27, 2018, to March 18, 2019, in Beijing. And the empirical and Diebold-Mariano test results demonstrate that the proposed framework can outperform state-of-the-art baseline models with statistically significant improvements at the 1% level. Compared with the best baseline model, the MAPE values are reduced by 50.0% and 27.3% in 4A attractions and 5A attractions, respectively; and the RMSE values are reduced by 48.3% and 26.1%, respectively. The method in this paper can be used as a function embedded in the decision support system to help multi-department collaboration. 相似文献
10.
《Research Policy》2019,48(9):103819
Expertise in digital technologies is necessary, but rarely sufficient to generate digital innovation. The purpose of this paper is to explore how specialists rooted in digital and analog knowledge domains engage in cross-domain collaboration to jointly create digital innovation. Our analysis cross-examines the literature on knowledge integration and coordination by examining the role of boundary-spanning tools in fusing divergent types of knowledge. The empirical setting for our study is the development of digital serious games, a novel breed of digital learning products whose creation involves a wide range of gaming/digital and learning/analog expertise. Drawing on an in-depth qualitative study, we find that boundary-spanning tools such as prototypes, mockups, and whiteboards serve as important knowledge bridges buttressing the overall innovation process, enabling diverse experts to increasingly align and integrate their divergent thought worlds and knowledge domains. Furthermore, we find that the alternative interplay among digital and non-digital tools supports the gradual transformation of digital and analog expertise into a novel digital format. Taken together, our results explicate how boundary-spanning tools facilitate collaborative work among specialists rooted in diverse digital and non-digital knowledge domains. Our findings contribute to the literature on knowledge integration and coordination in cross-domain collaboration and digital innovation. 相似文献
11.
Lynne G. Zucker Michael R. Darby Jonathan Furner Robert C. Liu Hongyan Ma 《Research Policy》2007,36(6):850-863
Regional growth of new knowledge in nanotechnology, as measured by counts of articles and patents in the open-access digital library NanoBank, is shown to be positively affected both by the size of existing regional stocks of recorded knowledge in all scientific fields, and the extent to which tacit knowledge in all fields flows between institutions of different organizational types. The level of federal funding has a large, robust impact on both publication and patenting. The data provide support for the cumulative advantage model of knowledge production, and for ongoing efforts to institutionalize channels through which cross-organizational collaboration may be achieved. 相似文献
12.
As the volume and breadth of online information is rapidly increasing, ad hoc search systems become less and less efficient to answer information needs of modern users. To support the growing complexity of search tasks, researchers in the field of information developed and explored a range of approaches that extend the traditional ad hoc retrieval paradigm. Among these approaches, personalized search systems and exploratory search systems attracted many followers. Personalized search explored the power of artificial intelligence techniques to provide tailored search results according to different user interests, contexts, and tasks. In contrast, exploratory search capitalized on the power of human intelligence by providing users with more powerful interfaces to support the search process. As these approaches are not contradictory, we believe that they can re-enforce each other. We argue that the effectiveness of personalized search systems may be increased by allowing users to interact with the system and learn/investigate the problem in order to reach the final goal. We also suggest that an interactive visualization approach could offer a good ground to combine the strong sides of personalized and exploratory search approaches. This paper proposes a specific way to integrate interactive visualization and personalized search and introduces an adaptive visualization based search system Adaptive VIBE that implements it. We tested the effectiveness of Adaptive VIBE and investigated its strengths and weaknesses by conducting a full-scale user study. The results show that Adaptive VIBE can improve the precision and the productivity of the personalized search system while helping users to discover more diverse sets of information. 相似文献
13.
基于XML的数字图书馆检索技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着XML数字图书馆的迅速发展,怎样快速有效地对XML文档进行查询和处理,正受到越来越多的重视,本文对XML数字图书馆检索系统进行了分类比较。并从检索模型、文档聚类、索引技术3个方面对XML数字图书馆检索研究方向进行了阐述。 相似文献
14.
Martin Halvey David ValletDavid Hannah Yue FengJoemon M. Jose 《Information processing & management》2010
There are a number of multimedia tasks and environments that can be collaborative in nature and involve contributions from more than one individual. Examples of such tasks include organising photographs or videos from multiple people from a large event, students working together to complete a class project, or artists and/or animators working on a production. Despite this, current state of the art applications that have been created to assist in multimedia search and organisation focus on a single user searching alone and do not take into consideration the collaborative nature of a large number of multimedia tasks. The limited work in collaborative search for multimedia applications has concentrated mostly on synchronous, and quite often co-located, collaboration between persons. However, these collaborative scenarios are not always practical or feasible. In order to overcome these shortcomings we have created an innovative system for online video search, which provides mechanisms for groups of users to collaborate both asynchronously and remotely on video search tasks. In order to evaluate our system an user evaluation was conducted. This evaluation simulated multiple conditions and scenarios for collaboration, varying on awareness, division of labour, sense making and persistence. The outcome of this evaluation demonstrates the benefit and usability of our system for asynchronous and remote collaboration between users. In addition the results of this evaluation provide a comparison between implicit and explicit collaboration in the same search system. 相似文献
15.
Daqing He Peter Brusilovsky Jaewook Ahn Jonathan Grady Rosta Farzan Yefei Peng Yiming Yang Monica Rogati 《Information processing & management》2008
Exploratory search increasingly becomes an important research topic. Our interests focus on task-based information exploration, a specific type of exploratory search performed by a range of professional users, such as intelligence analysts. In this paper, we present an evaluation framework designed specifically for assessing and comparing performance of innovative information access tools created to support the work of intelligence analysts in the context of task-based information exploration. The motivation for the development of this framework came from our needs for testing systems in task-based information exploration, which cannot be satisfied by existing frameworks. The new framework is closely tied with the kind of tasks that intelligence analysts perform: complex, dynamic, and multiple facets and multiple stages. It views the user rather than the information system as the center of the evaluation, and examines how well users are served by the systems in their tasks. The evaluation framework examines the support of the systems at users’ major information access stages, such as information foraging and sense-making. The framework is accompanied by a reference test collection that has 18 tasks scenarios and corresponding passage-level ground truth annotations. To demonstrate the usage of the framework and the reference test collection, we present a specific evaluation study on CAFÉ, an adaptive filtering engine designed for supporting task-based information exploration. This study is a successful use case of the framework, and the study indeed revealed various aspects of the information systems and their roles in supporting task-based information exploration. 相似文献
16.
In this paper, we present the state of the art in the field of information retrieval that is relevant for understanding how to design information retrieval systems for children. We describe basic theories of human development to explain the specifics of young users, i.e., their cognitive skills, fine motor skills, knowledge, memory and emotional states in so far as they differ from those of adults. We derive the implications these differences have on the design of information retrieval systems for children. Furthermore, we summarize the main findings about children’s search behavior from multiple user studies. These findings are important to understand children’s information needs, their search strategies and usage of information retrieval systems. We also identify several weaknesses of previous user studies about children’s information-seeking behavior. Guided by the findings of these user studies, we describe challenges for the design of information retrieval systems for young users. We give an overview of algorithms and user interface concepts. We also describe existing information retrieval systems for children, in specific web search engines and digital libraries. We conclude with a discussion of open issues and directions for further research. The survey provided in this paper is important both for designers of information retrieval systems for young users as well as for researchers who start working in this field. 相似文献
17.
Tony Russell-Rose Jon Chamberlain Leif Azzopardi 《Information processing & management》2018,54(6):1042-1057
Legal researchers, recruitment professionals, healthcare information professionals, and patent analysts all undertake work tasks where search forms a core part of their duties. In these instances, the search task is often complex and time-consuming and requires specialist expertise to identify relevant documents and insights within large domain-specific repositories and collections. Several studies have been made investigating the search practices of professionals such as these, but few have attempted to directly compare their professional practices and so it remains unclear to what extent insights and approaches from one domain can be applied to another. In this paper we describe the results of a survey of a purposive sample of 108 legal researchers, 64 recruitment professionals and 107 healthcare information professionals. Their responses are compared with results from a previous survey of 81 patent analysts. The survey investigated their search practices and preferences, the types of functionality they value, and their requirements for future information retrieval systems. The results reveal that these professions share many fundamental needs and face similar challenges. In particular a continuing preference to formulate queries as Boolean expressions, the need to manage, organise and re-use search strategies and results and an ambivalence toward the use of relevance ranking. The results stress the importance of recall and coverage for the healthcare and patent professionals, while precision and recency were more important to the legal and recruitment professionals. The results also highlight the need to ensure that search systems give confidence to the professional searcher and so trust, explainability and accountability remains a significant challenge when developing such systems. The findings suggest that translational research between the different areas could benefit professionals across domains. 相似文献
18.
In this paper, we lay out a relational approach for indexing and retrieving photographs from a collection. The increase of digital image acquisition devices, combined with the growth of the World Wide Web, requires the development of information retrieval (IR) models and systems that provide fast access to images searched by users in databases. The aim of our work is to develop an IR model suited to images, integrating rich semantics for representing this visual data and user queries, which can also be applied to large corpora. 相似文献
19.
Research collaboration is a key mechanism for linking distributed knowledge and competencies into novel ideas and research venues. The need for effective inter-institutional knowledge flows is of particular importance in emerging domains of research, and also a challenge for public research systems with a high degree of institutional differentiation. Motivated by concerns about favorable institutional conditions for the conduct of scientific research, we analyze research collaboration in the emergent domain of nanoscience within the highly segmented German public research system. Drawing on multiple data sources, such as co-publications, macro research statistics, and in-depth interviews, we identify governance structures that support or hinder scientists’ efforts to engage in collaborative work relations across institutional boundaries. 相似文献
20.
网络嵌入性对产学研知识协同绩效的影响 《科学学研究》2017,35(9):1396-1408
产学研合作的网络化趋势影响着企业和学研机构之间的知识转移、共享与整合,探讨网络嵌入性对产学研知识协同绩效的影响机制具有重要意义。文章基于网络嵌入性视角,构建了网络嵌入性、知识搜索、产学研合作行为、产学研知识协同绩效之间关系的概念模型,提出了知识搜索与产学研合作行为作为中介变量的假设,并通过大规模问卷调查的数据进行了验证。结果发现：结构嵌入和关系嵌入对产学研知识协同绩效均有正向影响,知识搜索和产学研合作行为在“信任–产学研知识协同绩效”的关系中起完全中介作用,在网络嵌入性的其他三个维度与知识协同绩效之间的关系中都具有部分中介作用。论文的理论探讨和实证研究拓展了网络嵌入性的研究范围,深化了产学研知识协同的理论研究。 相似文献