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1.
This study was designed as a test for two neo-Piagetian theories. More specifically, this research examined the relationships between the development of proportional reasoning strategies and three cognitive variables from Pascual-Leone's and Case's neo-Piagetian theories. A priori hypotheses linked the number of problems students worked until they induced a proportional reasoning strategy to the variables of M-space, degree of field dependence, and short-term storage space. The subjects consisted of students enrolled in Physical Science I, a science course for nonscience majors at the University of Southern Mississippi. Of the 34 subjects in the study, 23 were classified as concrete operational on the basis of eight ratio tasks. Problems corresponding to five developmental levels of proportional reasoning (according to Piagetian and neo-Piagetian theory), were presented by a microcomputer to the 23 subjects who had been classified as concrete operational. After a maximum of 6 hours of treatment, 17 of the 23 subjects had induced ratio schemata at the upper formal level (IIIB), while the remaining subjects used lower formal level (IIIA) schemata. The data analyses showed that neither M-space and degree of field-dependence, either alone or in combination, nor short-term storage predicted the number of problems students need to do until they induce an appropriate problem-solving strategy. However, there were significant differences in the short-term storage space of those subjects who mastered ratio problems at the highest level and those who did not. Also, the subjects' degree of field-dependence was not a predictor of either the ability to transfer problem-solving strategies to a new setting or the reuse of inappropriate strategies. The results of this study also suggest that short-term storage space is a variable with high correlations to a number of aspects of learning such as transfer and choice of strategy after feedback. 相似文献
2.
Anderson Norton Kirby Deater-Deckard 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2014,12(3):647-667
Because of their focus on psychological structures and operations, neo-Piagetian approaches to learning lend themselves to neurological hypotheses. Recent advances in neural imaging and educational technology now make it possible to test some of these claims. Here, we take a neo-Piagetian approach to mathematical learning in order to frame two studies involving the use of electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging imaging, as well as the use of iOS-based apps designed to elicit particular ways of operating with mathematics. Results could inform theories of mathematical learning and effective educational game design. 相似文献
3.
教育理论的特质及其研究使命 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
新世纪中国的教育研究需要承担一种理论的使命,这就要求梳理教育理论的知识类型和确立其理论形态。这种理论形态,不是单一理论,而是一个理论连续统, 包括由抽象命题构成的具有反思功能的一般理论,呈现方法论要求的中层理论,表现具体经验的微观理论。它们之间不是孤立分离的,而是相互联系,彼此互动的。探讨教育理论的问题结构及其独特意义,可以认为教育理论的进步也意味着对教育条件的认识所取得的进步。 相似文献
4.
金爱秀 《南阳师范学院学报》2012,11(8):11-14
徐旭生对考古学研究的理论贡献有三：一是“上古三大集团”理论;二是在古代国家形成的问题上,古代中国经历了氏族社会的解体——夏王国的建立——秦汉大帝国的形成;三是任何民族历史开始的时候都是传说和神话杂糅在一起的,掺杂神的传说同纯粹的神话有分别,可在传说中找出历史的核心。徐旭生考古学研究渊源除了深厚的国学功底及对古史研究的热情外,到西方留学经历使其接触到了西方先进的人类学理论和实践活动以及国内学者蒙文通、傅斯年对古代民族的划分理论都对其产生了重大影响。其理论对疑古学派的观点进行了有力反驳,推动了苏秉琦“区系类型说”的提出,为我们开创了一条通过研究神话传说来进行考古研究的新途径,推动了中国文明起源研究的进程。 相似文献
5.
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Amartya Sen's capability approach can suggest an appropriate theory of education for ethical development. Many advocates of Sen's capability approach insist that his approach is superior to rival theories of education, including the human capital theory. This is because Sen emphasizes the purpose and various roles of education for achieving substantial freedom while rival theories focus on the instrumental aspects of education. A focus on rival educational theories often results in the negative effects seen occurring in colonial education. In principle, we agree with the advocates of Sen’s capability approach. However, we doubt that Sen’s emphasis is sufficient for guaranteeing that his capability approach is the appropriate theory of education for application in the context of ethical development. It does not have theoretical completion, and it gives no guidance as to conflict resolution concerning the roles, or value, of education. Nor does it give guidance as to how to implement pedagogical strategies. This incompletion allows economically instrumental values to dominate intrinsic values and non-economically instrumental values, as seen with the educational Millennium Development Goals. This prioritization is what has occurred in colonial education through the application of human capital theory. We suggest that in Sen’s capability approach, firstly, the meaning of the intrinsic value of education should be clarified; secondly, the non-economically instrumental roles of education should be explicated in the context of development; and finally, the priority of the intrinsic and the non-economically instrumental roles of education value should be taken over the economically instrumental values. In this revised theory, people’s substantive freedom is achievable through education, people’s aboriginal identities and values remain intact, and developing countries take seriously pedagogical strategies. 相似文献
6.
Liz Gordon 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》1984,5(2):105-115
Learning to Labour signalled a break from mechanistic ‘social reproduction’ theories within the Sociology of Education, towards a new appreciation of the role of cultural processes within school. This paper reviews the work of Paul Willis, focussing particularly on some of the unresolved themes of Learning to Labour and the development of his own thought since this study was produced. Areas which have been under emphasised in the past include Willis’ attempt to formulate a methodological and analytical base for cultural studies within education, the theoretical relationship between culture and ideology and the essentially active, transformative nature of cultural production within educational sites. This paper aims to clarify some of these issues. 相似文献
7.
Brent Davis 《Educational Action Research》2013,21(3):453-466
In this article, the authors extend Phelps & Hase's (2002) explorations of the theoretical and methodological connections of complexity theory and action research by emphasizing complexity science as the study of learning systems. By emphasizing the importance of ‘complexity thinking’, an argument is made for conceptualizing action research as a ‘pragmatics of transformation’ that explicitly aims to bring together the self-interests of autonomous agents into grander collective possibilities. In addition, the authors offer pragmatic advice that is relevant for the ‘educational’ and ‘learning’ aspects of educational action research by describing a number of conditions that need to be in place in order for complex learning systems to develop and thrive. 相似文献
8.
Martin Nugel 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2016,19(1):9-29
In this article theoretical aspects of historically formed differences between living spaces and educational spaces are examined. From different spatial science perspectives, aspects of unboundedness, of narrowing and of exclusion are taken into account and understood as forms of territorialisation or of de- or reterritorialization processes. Along the perspectives of ‘immaterial space reproductions’, ‘spatial practices’, ‘architecture’ and ‘spatial contexts’ key results of spatial sensitive educational research is outlined. As desiderata especially methodological problems but also content-related ‘blind spots’ are discussed. The development of empirical research and a theoretical perspective is addressed with which it can be asked for the educational potential of societal and especially pedagogical space relations in view to the interwoven power-and-subjectification practices. 相似文献
9.
《International Journal of Educational Research》2003,39(4-5):375-393
Despite its importance to educational psychology, prominent theories of motivation have mostly ignored emotion. In this paper, we review theoretical conceptions of the relation between motivation and emotion and discuss the role of emotion in understanding student motivation in classrooms. We demonstrate that emotion is one of the best indicators of the classroom goal structure as well as of students’ reports of avoidance behaviors. Furthermore, we suggest that emotional constructs should be included in comprehensive studies and theories of motivation. We conclude with a discussion of both methodological and theoretical implications of including emotion in classroom studies of motivation. 相似文献
10.
王慧 《新乡教育学院学报》2004,17(1):50-51
在素质教育中 ,政治教师要解放思想 ,提高自身素质 ,深化课程改革 ,提高教学能力。在教育教学中 ,要有独特的行之有效的教学方法 ,使学生能主动地、愉快地、创造性地获得知识和能力 ,个性得到充分发展 ,潜能得到最大释放 ,以达到培养学生具有创新能力的教育教学效果 相似文献
11.
José Penalva 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2014,48(3):400-415
This article examines the underlying problems of one particular perspective in educational theory that has recently gained momentum: the Wilfred Carr approach, which puts forward the premise that there is no theory in educational research and, consequently, it is a form of practice. The article highlights the scientific, epistemological and methodological assumptions inherent in such a view. The argument is developed as follows: first, it expounds what Carr understands by the methodology of action research and educational theory, setting out his distinctive view. Secondly, it explains that both Carr's underlying methodology, as well as his theoretical alternative, are based on a particular perspective on Social Science. Thirdly, it reveals Carr's epistemological assumptions and the resultant educational consequences. 相似文献
12.
This article presents French-speaking researchers' contribution to the field of differential developmental psychology. Following a brief review of key Piagetian ideas pertaining to his conceptualization of individual differences, the core of the article traces methodological and theoretical transformations that were necessary for understanding individual differences within a general theory of cognitive development. On a methodological level, French-speaking researchers went from standardizing Piaget's clinical method to constructing developmental scales and operational tests. On a theoretical level, Reuchlin's writings guided Longeot, and several other French (Lautrey and Bideaud) and Genevan (de Ribaupierre and Rieben) researchers into a scientific quest for a genuine integration of differential and developmental psychology. We present an overview of the pluralistic and multidimensional model of cognitive functioning and development that emerged from the work of the French-Swiss team of researchers. Concluding remarks focus on the actual research agendas of researchers interested in resolving the challenging issue of understanding relationships between inter- and intraindividual differences and general tendencies in cognitive development. 相似文献
13.
Yuen Sze Michelle Tan 《Educational Action Research》2013,21(3):411-427
This paper explores how a learning theory enriched a collaborative teacher inquiry discourse where lesson study was adopted as the educational action research model to promote teacher professional development. Four Grade 9–10 biology teachers in Singapore drew from variation theory to collaboratively plan and teach new genetics content as part of teacher research. As a researcher-facilitator, I have drawn from the teachers’ experiences of infusing variation theory into their teaching practice, of developing their own theories of teaching and learning, and of developing student-focused pedagogies to highlight the roles variation theory played. These included providing concrete examples of patterns of variations teachers could use, increasing the teachers’ attention and sensitivity to students, and developing the teachers’ theoretical lens in their approach to teaching. Reflecting on the teachers’ experiences, I made an appeal for teachers’ development of theoretical lenses in teacher inquiry, and bridging of theory and research to teaching practice. 相似文献
14.
The main objective of this article is to study the role of empirical evidence in the interpretation of psychological and epistemological aspects of Piagetian theory. According to Galilean methodology, after having asked the right question, a scientist could experimentally vary one impediment, and observe what happens to the dependent variable, as it approaches the ideal limiting case. Following Galileo's idealization, scientific laws being epistemological constructions do not describe the behavior of actual bodies. It is plausible to suggest that just as Galileo's ideal law can be observed only when all the impediment variables approach zero, similarly individuals in the real world have various `impediments' and it is only when these impediments are gradually removed by experimental manipulation that the real performance of individuals can approximate the competence of Piaget's epistemic subject (ideal knower). Finally, evidence is presented to the effect that by experimentally manipulating the impediment variables (e.g., Pascual-Leone's M-demand and Witkin's perceptual field effect of a task), performance of the real subjects approximates the competence of the ideal epistemic subject, which leads to the construction of a neo-Piagetian epistemological theory. 相似文献
15.
秦小霞 《商丘师范学院学报》2001,17(3):27-28
邓小平教育思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分，它在有关教育的地位和作用、人才培养标准、教育与生产劳动相结合等方面坚持和发展了马克思主义的教育思想。 相似文献
16.
杜威是哲学家,亦是教育哲学家,本身也是教师,是有高度理论思维能力和表达能力的教师。杜威的教育理论是对其教育教学实践切身体悟的结晶,可以说是其个人教育哲学的表达。既有高度的教育理论素养又有教育实践智慧和教育理想追求是杜威对好教师形象的表达。从教育理论素养上讲,好教师应形成个人的教育哲学;从教育实践智慧上讲,好教师应能激发和维持学生的理智兴趣;从教育理想追求上讲,好教师应努力培养有价值的社会成员。 相似文献
17.
18.
湛甘泉的心学思想承传自陈白沙,但二人的心学教育思想却存在重大分歧。在教育理论层面体现为从"静坐中养出端倪"到"随处体认天理"的演变,在实践层面体现为是否采用正规的书院式教学。这种分歧既是解决白沙心学内在学理困境的需要,还由于二人的时代背景与主体身份已发生重大转变。 相似文献
19.
Cristina Costa Ciaran Burke Mark Murphy 《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2019,42(1):19-32
Bourdieu’s career long endeavour was to devise both theoretical and methodological tools that could apprehend and explain the social world and its mechanisms of cultural (re)production and related forms of domination. Amongst the several key concepts developed by Bourdieu, habitus has gained prominence as both a research lens and a research instrument useful to enter individuals’ trajectories and ‘histories’ of practices. While much attention has been paid to the theoretical significance of habitus, less emphasis has been placed on its methodological implications. This paper explores the application of the concept of habitus as both theory and method across two sub-fields of educational research: graduate employment and digital scholarship practices. The findings of this reflexive testing of habitus suggest that bridging the theory-method comes with its own set of challenges for the researcher; challenges which reveal the importance of taking the work of application seriously in research settings. 相似文献
20.
In light of salient measurement and evaluation issues a content analysis approach was chosen to assess the value and problem of applying Piagetian theory to early childhood education. Focal changes in implementation were analyzed with emphasis upon the so-called unique contributions of the theory to teaching goals, beliefs, understandings, and practices. Structuralism was compared favorably with learning theory in providing a conceptual basis for educational application. The inherently dialectical nature of Piaget's views of knowledge presents an intuitively appealing albeit conceptually and methodologically abstract approach to educational innovation. It was concluded that applying Piagetian theory to education, in agreement with these special developmental dynamics, involves an interactively changing theory and data base as teachers and children develop over time. 相似文献