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1.
赵文龙 《中学历史教学参考》2007,(11):56-58
中央集权与君主专制君主专制和中央集权是中国古代政治文明教学中出现频率很高的两个专业名词,一旦讨论中国古代政治的特点,君主专制和中央集权是无论如何都不能绕开的两个重要名词。然而,一旦涉及具体问题,如,什么是中央集权、什么是君主专制,二者开始出现于哪个朝代,具体表现是什么,中央集权与君主专制的关系如何?则往 相似文献
2.
在中国封建社会，民本思想与古代专制主义始终是联系在一起的，重民也好，纳谏也好，都必须服从于君主专制的需要，都必须维护君主专制，而不是以冲击君主专制为前提。虽然民本与君主专制并非是和谐一致的，但几乎所有的民本思想家都是王权的崇拜者，推崇等级制，这就决定了民本思想不可能对君王进行有效的制约，民本是虚幻的，君本则是实在的。民本思想有其积极作用，也有其历史局限性和消极影响，它主要是伦理模式而非政体模式。民本与社会主义民主有本质区别。社会主义民主政治建设须注重制度建设。处理好民主与法制的关系。 相似文献
3.
段正彦 《和田师范专科学校学报》2007,27(4):16-17
我国的君主专制制度走了一条和西方不同的道路。中国君主专制制度以小农经济为基础、以武力为先导,控制宗教势力,严密控制人身,君主专制制度通过官僚制度得以实现,君主专制的中央集权日趋加强。古代中国封闭的地理环境、农耕自然经济与宗法社会和中国化的宗教促进了中国君主专制制度发展。探索君主专制制度的特点和影响君主专制制度的因素有助于我们更好地理解君主专制制度。 相似文献
4.
杨贵生 《黔东南民族师专学报》2006,24(5):7-9
韩非子与马基雅维利是中西方对政治思想作出杰出贡献的政治家，两者的政治观都属于君主专制主义．但由于中西方政治文化传统的差异，却有着不同的具体价值取向和特质。韩非子的政治思想偏重于帝王独裁，马基雅维利偏重于君主专制。 相似文献
5.
中国古代中央政府有逐步集权的倾向。君主创造了一系列法术对臣民的专制统治。君主专制统治的政治制度向后贯穿继承,甚至也对当今中国社会也有重要影响。中国古代的君主专制、宗法血缘关系、儒家思想、官僚制度、人治政治制度、大一统思想等特征表现最突出。它们都与皇权专制有密切关系。 相似文献
6.
中国古代,自君主专制建立以来,皇权与相权此消彼长,至明清时期,君主专制中央集权的政治制度发展到了顶峰。本文试对近年来关于议政王大臣会议、内阁、南书房、军机处等中央政治机构的研究成果进行归纳总结,介绍清朝君主专制的加强。 相似文献
7.
十七世纪法国的君主专制政体,是新兴的资产阶级和封建贵族阶级之间的“表面的调停人”,具有一定的进步意义。古典主义文学就是在这样的社会氛围下产生出来的,体现了专制政体所要求的统一,规范、理性、义务等特征,使文学在内容与形式上都自觉地为君主专制政体服务,并在其庇护下,成为全国乃至欧洲的占统治地位的文学主潮。 相似文献
8.
石文玉 《鞍山师范学院学报》2012,(5):12-15
晚清覆亡后,中国思想文化界、教育界在经过"五四"激烈反传统潮流洗礼后,逐渐形成一种倾向,认为君主专制是近代中国社会落后、无法实行制度更新的罪魁,遂将社会转型与君主专制视为一对难以调和的矛盾,进而将君主专制一棒子打死,缺乏历史的分析态度。事实上,从世界各国的转型实践来看,君主专制与近代社会转型并没有必然的正相关或负相关的关系,关键在于统治者的作为。晚清政府的失败,究其原因,政事不足远大于政体不良。 相似文献
9.
汪希 《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2002,31(3):123-127
作为在中国古代社会影响最大的思想家之一，朱熹是君主制的积极维护，这是众所周知的。然而，他对君主专制政治常常持反对态度，却不大为人所知。他有许多反对君主独断专行、反对尊君卑臣的观念，他也有许多否定君主的神圣性、贬抑君统、格君心之非的言行，这些都具有反君主专制意义。 相似文献
10.
杜军 《山西教育(综合版)》2007,(12)
一、选择题1.在封建社会,封建专制是政治的基本特点,但是在不同的时期,表现出不同的作用。黄宗羲和韩非子对君主专制所持的观点几乎截然相反,其决定性原因是()A.所持的阶级立场不同B.接受外来思想不同C.所处的社会历史发展阶段不同D.对社会发展规律认识不同【解析】C在战国时期,韩非子主张君主专制,顺应了从分裂走向统一的历史发展趋势,是进步的;黄宗羲在封建社会后期反对君主专制,也体现了历史发展的要求,也是进步的。他们的主张都是社会发展的客观反映。2.近代欧洲,随着资本主义经济的产生和发展,资产阶级提出了反映他们政治经济利益的… 相似文献
11.
钦州湾表层海水温度盐度及pH值时空变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2009年春夏秋冬4个季节调查资料,分析钦州湾表层海水温度、盐度及pH值的季节变化和分布特征。结果表明：钦州湾海水平均温度春季20．4℃,夏季30．1℃,秋季16．0℃,冬季14．6℃,变化特征与气温的季节变化相同,空间分布为夏秋季河口区的水温都略高于湾口区,而春冬季则相反。海水平均盐度春季20．067,夏季17．975,秋季23．864,冬季23．660,表现为秋季〉冬季〉春季〉夏季,各季节空间分布总体表现为河口区低,湾口区高的趋势。海水pH平均值春季7．82,夏季8．11,秋季8．01,冬季8．10,全年空间分布高值区均出现在大风江口外海域。钦州湾海水比较适宜大蚝、对虾、文蛤等广温广盐性品种的海水养殖。 相似文献
12.
This study examined the effects of emotional abuse in childhood, along with physical and sexual abuse, on suicidality in adulthood, and whether and how emotional abuse and depressive symptoms in adulthood mediate the association between the childhood emotional abuse and suicidality. The data were drawn from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey, a nationally representative survey with a multistage area proportional probability sampling method. Random effects regression and the Sobel test were used to analyze the relationships between childhood emotional abuse and suicidality and the mediating effects. Random effects models showed that emotional abuse in childhood was positively associated with suicidality in adulthood, even after controlling for physical and sexual abuse in childhood. Emotional abuse and depressive symptoms in adulthood mediated the association between emotional abuse in childhood and suicidality. Depressive symptoms also mediated between emotional abuse in adulthood and suicidality. These findings suggest that emotional abuse in childhood has indirect harmful effects on suicidality in adulthood. It increases suicidality through higher occurrences of re-victimization and depressive symptoms in adulthood. Practitioners and policy makers should recognize that experiences of emotional abuse in childhood may result in re-victimization in adulthood, which, in turn, lead to suicidality. Early intervention programs to reduce the likelihood of experiencing re-victimization may be critical for people exposed to emotional abuse in childhood. 相似文献
13.
迟欣 《天津工程师范学院学报》2014,24(3):57-61
我国现行的学科与专业目录包括1997年版《授予博士、硕士学位和培养研究生的学科、专业目录》、2012年版《高等学校本科专业目录》以及2011年版《学位授予和人才培养学科目录》.美国的学科与专业目录被称为Classification of Instructional Programs（CIP）.美国的学科、专业分类系统无论在编制理念上还是技术上都比较完善和成熟,它给我国行业特色院校英语学科与专业互动机制的建立带来了一定的启示.美国加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）的语言学科的院系设置和课程设置,也为我国行业院校英语学科的建设提供了宝贵经验. 相似文献
14.
毛翰 《华侨大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012,(3):102-113
各种艺术都是相通的,相互渗透的。除了"诗中有画,画中有诗",还可以说"诗中有乐,乐中有诗","诗中有舞,舞中有诗","诗中有建筑,建筑中有诗",以及"乐中有画,画中有乐","乐中有舞,舞中有乐","乐中有建筑,建筑中有乐"等。各种艺术的互动和配合,主要发生在想象艺术与听觉艺术、视觉艺术之间,以及听觉艺术与视觉艺术之间。书法地位独特,与其它各种艺术都可能相通互动。 相似文献
15.
20世纪90年代我国区域高等教育公平与效率变化的实证研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
公平和效率是各国高等教育发展中存在的重要问题之一。一般认为公平和效率在理论上和宏观上是可以统一的，并能够得到协调发展和可持续发展。然而，从微观和实践层面上分析却往往会发现存在一种矛盾现象，似乎是一个不可调和的两难问题。我国省(市)高等教育发展的公平与效率就是当前急需关注的一个典型的、具体的问题。通过对反映我国1999年和2000年各省(市)高等教育和经济发展状况的多指标进行聚类、相关等统计分析，考察了我国20世纪90年代高等教育区域公平和效率的发展变化特征，并通过对二者量化关系的揭示，对我国省(市)20世纪90年代高等教育公平与效率问题进行了实证分析和评估，并对我国未来省(市)高等教育的进一步发展提出了相应的对策和建议。 相似文献
16.
Marguerita McGovern 《Pastoral Care in Education》2013,31(3):235-252
The aim and objective of this study is to examine and compare how schools in Galway, Republic of Ireland and Derry in the North of Ireland (cities located within two independent jurisdictions in Ireland) manage and respond to bereavement. To carry out a survey of schools, the ‘Loss in Schools’ questionnaire is considered the most suitable tool. The questionnaire, which contains 10 questions designed to unearth pertinent issues including the needs and concerns of schools, had previously been administered in studies in Hull. Sixty questionnaires were administered in both Galway and Derry, with a return of 38 and 35, respectively. This study illuminates important aspects of the topic. The schools in both Galway and Derry rate bereavement (and parental separation) as highly important in terms of priorities. In terms of policy, some of the respondents in both study sites report that loss is included in their school's policy documents but not formally included in the curriculum. A designated staff member (who would speak to the pupil experiencing the death of a family member or significant other) is evident in 37% of Derry schools and 23% of Galway schools. Some members of staff in both study sites have attended training in bereavement, although the courses are relatively short term. Schools request assistance from other agencies outside the formal schools arena in times of need. In Galway the psychology services are most commonly consulted, while in Derry the Western Education and Library Board Bereavement Counselling teams and Cruse Bereavement Care are identified as additional resources from which help is sought. This paper outlines recommendations on schools' training needs in the area of child bereavement and the request for support to help further develop and formalise school policies. 相似文献
17.
Utilizing 2068 individuals in 60 organizations in the U.S. and Italy, this study (a) examines the overall relationship between trust in top management and immediate supervisor and overall estimates of satisfaction and perceived organizational effectiveness, (b) compares the amount of variance in satisfaction and effectiveness that can be explained by trust in top management to the amount of variance explained by trust in immediate supervisor, and (c) clarifies the role of information receiving as a predictor of trust in top management and immediate supervisor. Results of a canonical correlation analysis indicated that the canonical equation explained 49% of the variance in the linear composites (Canonical R = .69, p < .001). Trust in top management was more strongly associated with satisfaction and effectiveness than was trust in immediate supervisor. Tzvo separate multiple regression analyses indicated that after controlling for geographic location of company and type of industry, information received about job and organizational issues uniquely explained 26% of the variance in trust in top management and 13% of the variance in trust in immediate supervisor. 相似文献
18.
聂长建 《山西大学师范学院学报》2008,7(1):8-13
孔子是哲学大师,亦是语言大师。《论语》的巨大影响,在于其思想之精深,亦在于其语言之魅力。孔子的语言观具有几个特点：一是言行一致,二是名实一致,三是文质一致,四是时中的方法,五是老实的态度。孔子的语言具有多方面的美学特征：一是匀称美,二是气势美,三是弹性美,四是睿智美,五是自然美,六是崇高美,七是刚力美,八是人格美,九是无言美。孔子的语言观极具原创性,进而影响其思想;孔子的语言美颇有吸引力,进而传播其思想。其语言的深邃和美相得益彰,凸显孔子思想的伟大。 相似文献
19.
To be effective, thinking skills interventions are likely to require specific fine-grain changes in the quantity and quality of teacher–pupil and pupil–pupil dialogue in the classroom, but these are difficult to establish. This study investigated the effects of collaborative philosophical enquiry over time on quantity and quality of interactive dialogue in 180 children aged 10 in 4 intervention and 2 comparison primary (elementary) mainstream classes in 6 schools in Scotland. Participating teachers received initial and follow-up professional development. Matched comparison classes received regular teaching. Video recordings of teacher-led and pupil–pupil classroom discussions before, and 7 months into, participation in the programme were analyzed. These were related to a theoretical model of the process. Changes in intervention classes included increased use of open-ended questions by the teacher, increased participation of pupils in classroom dialogue, and improved pupil reasoning in justification of opinions. There were no changes in comparison classes. Variation in degree of change between intervention schools was evident. Implications for future research, policy and practice are outlined, particularly for enhancing consistency and expanding the programme. 相似文献
20.
Eunsook Hong Elsa Mason Yun Peng Nancy Lee 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2013,19(7-8):491-514
Direct and mediating effects of homework worry anxiety on homework effort and homework achievement and the differences in the structural relations among homework motivation constructs and homework achievement across mathematics and English homework were examined in 268 tenth graders in China. Homework motivation included task value, homework self-efficacy, homework worry anxiety, and motivation application. Homework accomplishments were rated by mathematics and English teachers. Homework value had positive effects on homework effort and worry anxiety in both subjects. Homework self-efficacy had positive and negative effects on homework effort and worry, respectively. Homework worry mediated the relation of homework value to effort and to achievement; the relation was more prominent in mathematics than in English homework. The mediating effects of worry anxiety in the relation of self-efficacy to homework effort and to achievement were significant only in mathematics. The domain specificity and direct and mediating effects were discussed in the cultural and educational context. 相似文献