共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 812 毫秒
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基于小世界网络的NPD团队交流网络分析 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
在对新产品开发（NPD）团队交流网络的特征参数进行深入分析的基础上,研究了NPD团队交流网络的交流频率和交流集中度等对团队创新的影响．在交流网络的描述与分析中提出用“小世界”的特征路径长度和集团化系数来表征NPD团队交流网络的交流频率和交流集中度的思想,为进一步研究NPD组织及管理与创新的内在联系提供了数量分析基础。 相似文献
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基于加权小世界网络模型的实践社区知识扩散研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从社区成员的关系网络出发,基于加权小世界网络,研究实践社区的知识扩散网络。提出用社区成员的特征关系长度和聚类系数来表证实践社区的知识扩散频率、集中度,发现它们并不是越大越好,而是应该保持在一个适度较大的水平,才能有效地促进社区的知识扩散。 相似文献
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网络文库是一种信息资源和知识创新的交流、传播和利用模式,为知识共享与用户学习提供了平台支撑与资源保障。基于伯川德双寡头理论,探讨了虚拟社区中,知识共享双方自网络外部性和社区平台两边用户之间的交叉网络外部性对文档定价策略的影响,并建立理论模型。 相似文献
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虚拟社区注重用户参与、交流互动与开放共享,为多主体协同参与价值共创提供了条件。为了深入探究价值共创模式下影响虚拟社区用户持续使用意愿的关键因素,文章整合价值共创理论与交易成本理论,系统研究了知觉价值、交易成本对价值共创动机的影响以及价值共创对持续使用意愿的影响效果,并且分析了信息咨询类和情感类两种不同类型虚拟社区的调节效应。实证结果表明,知觉价值中的情感价值、信息价值以及交易成本中的信息搜寻成本对价值共创有显著的影响,而价值共创对社区用户的持续使用意愿有显著的影响。另外,不同类型虚拟社区的调节效应分析结果表明,情感价值对两类虚拟社区中的价值共创均有显著影响,而信息价值在信息咨询类社区中对价值共创的影响效果要大于情感类社区,娱乐价值在情感类虚拟社区下对价值共创的影响效果要大于信息咨询类虚拟社区。 相似文献
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在虚拟社区快速发展的背景下,企业如何通过以分享知识和经验为主的虚拟社区平台获取有效需求信息便成为一个亟待解决的问题。本文基于以分享知识和经验为主的虚拟社区,对隐含于虚拟社区中的需求信息的特点以及参与虚拟社区的成员特征进行了分析。鉴于虚拟社区中需求信息以及社区成员的特征,针对隐含于虚拟社区中的需求信息难以有效获取,引入共词分析法,提出基于共词分析的有效需求信息获取框架,得到在虚拟社区下获取有效需求信息的步骤。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 本文对学术虚拟社区知识交流的过程和机理进行深入探讨,为该主题后续的研究奠定了基础。[方法/过程] 利用文献研究法、定性分析法对学术虚拟社区知识交流的内涵与特征、过程、机理进行了剖析,在此基础上推断知识交流效率的表现形式,引入经济学中的效率测度方法识别知识交流效率评价指标。[结果/结论] 构建以知识交流组成要素、交流动因、交流机制、交流效果为核心的内部机理模型,社区成员在知识交流过程中产生的发帖、评论、浏览以及再评论等数量是学术虚拟社区知识交流效率量化评价的重要指标。 相似文献
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网络虚拟社区及其在图书情报工作中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
网络虚拟社区是近年来出现的一种新的社区形态。本文分析了网络虚拟社区概念的基本内涵与特点;论述了网络虚拟社区的主要功能;探讨了网络虚拟社区在图书情报工作中的一些应用。 相似文献
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以信息管理为视角,通过宏观网络与微观网络社区两个层面,对网络社区中信息交流的特点,信息交流对网络社区的意义等问题展开深入思考与探讨。从虚拟社会角度提出了基于哈耶克理论构建网络社区信息交流规则体系的原则和办法,并借助对网络社区信息交流规则的研究,达到理顺网络社区的秩序,为网络社区管理提供决策服务。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】通过对不同类型虚拟社区中基于问答交互的知识交流效率进行跨社区、跨学科的差异分析，为各社区准确定位并优化知识交流支撑体系提供参考。【方法/过程】选取ResearchGate、知乎、小木虫、CSDN、经管之家等虚拟社区及其中的编程语言、金融学2个学科版块，结合熵权法计算的社区学科问答综合度量，建立多元虚拟社区问答交互知识交流效率评价的指标体系，运用数据包络分析法计算社区学科的相对知识交流效率，并进行跨社区和跨学科的比较。【结果/结论】多元虚拟社区整体规模效率较高，但纯技术效率有待提高，且社区规模对虚拟社区知识交流效率影响的边际效应递减；跨社区层面，综合性社区的知识交流效率高于垂直社区的知识交流效率；跨学科层面，经管类学科的知识交流效率高于理工类学科的知识交流效率。【创新/局限】本研究突破学科差异视角，从社区类型本质差异切入，开展不同类型社区之间的问答交流效率差异分析，以指导不同类型虚拟社区准确定位并优化建设模式。未来可以进一步扩展学科范围，且可在此基础上进行语义分析与情感分析。 相似文献
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Rapid communication during extreme events is one of the critical aspects of successful disaster management strategies. Due to their ubiquitous nature, social media platforms are expected to offer a unique opportunity for crisis communication. In this study, about 52.5 million tweets related to hurricane Sandy posted by 13.75 million users are analyzed to assess the effectiveness of social media communication during disasters and identify the contributing factors leading to effective crisis communication strategies. Efficiency of a social media user is defined as the ratio of attention gained over the number of tweets posted. A model is developed to identify more efficient users based on several relevant features. Results indicate that during a disaster event, only few social media users become highly efficient in gaining attention. In addition, efficiency does not depend on the frequency of tweeting activity only; instead it depends on the number of followers and friends, user category, bot score (controlled by a human or a machine), and activity patterns (predictability of activity frequency). Since the proposed efficiency metric is easy to evaluate, it can potentially detect effective social media users in real time to communicate information and awareness to vulnerable communities during a disaster. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2014,34(4):546-555
Social media has become one of the primary sources for risk communication in a disaster. Especially, the behavior of copying and pasting messages generated by others is a primary method to redistribute information in this context. This paper examines the mediated messages that were generated after the outbreak of the Tohoku earthquake to investigate patterns of selecting received messages for redistribution. The results show that the frequency of mediated messages including external hyperlinks decreased after the disaster. In addition, the impact of a direct request to mediate a message was diminished. However, users became more sensitive to the fact whether the messages include the earthquake relevant keywords or not. This study contributes to the research stream on dynamic patterns of framing messages in that it supplies empirical evidences of pattern changes before and after the outbreak of a disaster. 相似文献
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Users’ ability to retweet information has made Twitter one of the most prominent social media platforms for disseminating emergency information during disasters. However, few studies have examined how Twitter’s features can support the different communication patterns that occur during different phases of disaster events. Based on the literature of disaster communication and Media Synchronicity Theory, we identify distinct disaster phases and the two communication types—crisis communication and risk communication—that occur during those phases. We investigate how Twitter’s representational features, including words, URLs, hashtags, and hashtag importance, influence the average retweet time—that is, the average time it takes for retweet to occur—as well as how such effects differ depending on the type of disaster communication. Our analysis of tweets from the 2013 Colorado floods found that adding more URLs to tweets increases the average retweet time more in risk-related tweets than it does in crisis-related tweets. Further, including key disaster-related hashtags in tweets contributed to faster retweets in crisis-related tweets than in risk-related tweets. Our findings suggest that the influence of Twitter’s media capabilities on rapid tweet propagation during disasters may differ based on the communication processes. 相似文献
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This paper presents a vision for a Disaster City Digital Twin paradigm that can: (i) enable interdisciplinary convergence in the field of crisis informatics and information and communication technology (ICT) in disaster management; (ii) integrate artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms and approaches to improve situation assessment, decision making, and coordination among various stakeholders; and (iii) enable increased visibility into network dynamics of complex disaster management and humanitarian actions. The number of humanitarian relief actions is growing due to the increased frequency of natural and man-made crises. Various streams of research across different disciplines have focused on ICT and AI solutions for enhancing disaster management processes. However, most of the existing research is fragmented without a common vision towards a converging paradigm. Recognizing this, this paper presents the Disaster City Digital Twin as a unifying paradigm. The four main components of the proposed Digital Twin paradigm include: multi-data sensing for data collection, data integration and analytics, multi-actor game-theoretic decision making, and dynamic network analysis. For each component, the current state of the art related to AI methods and approaches are examined and gaps are identified. 相似文献
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视觉设计是人们交流观念、传递思想的重要媒介,在现代社会通过丰富多样的载体发挥其效能。随着信息数字技术的发展,高校灾难教育面临新的形势与挑战。我们要借助视觉设计思维的传播特性,丰富高校灾难教育的内容与形式,运用视觉设计思维实现高校灾难教育传播的理路:(1)立足优势学科资源,重新审视灾难教育终极目标;(2)整合和优化高校灾难教育资源形式,推动灾难教育手段创新;(3)强化多方主体合作,形成学校、家庭、社区“三位一体”信息传播网。 相似文献
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This paper deals with information needs, seeking, searching, and uses within scholarly communities by introducing theory from the field of science and technology studies. In particular it contributes to the domain-analytic approach in information science by showing that Whitley’s theory of ‘mutual dependence’ and ‘task uncertainty’ can be used as an explanatory framework in understanding similarity and difference in information practices across intellectual fields. Based on qualitative case studies of three specialist scholarly communities across the physical sciences, applied sciences, social sciences and arts and humanities, this paper extends Whitley’s theory into the realm of information communication technologies. The paper adopts a holistic approach to information practices by recognising the interrelationship between the traditions of informal and formal scientific communication and how it shapes digital outcomes across intellectual fields. The findings show that communities inhabiting fields with a high degree of ‘mutual dependence’ coupled with a low degree of ‘task uncertainty’ are adept at coordinating and controlling channels of communication and will readily co-produce field-based digital information resources, whereas communities that inhabit fields characterised by the opposite cultural configuration, a low degree of ‘mutual dependence’ coupled with a high degree of ‘task uncertainty’, are less successful in commanding control over channels of communication and are less concerned with co-producing field-based digital resources and integrating them into their epistemic and social structures. These findings have implications for the culturally sensitive development and provision of academic digital resources such as digital libraries and web-based subject portals. 相似文献
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手语是聋校课堂教学中的主要交流方式。然而使用手语的教学,在课堂信息交流过程中存在着不少障碍。手语多义现象是造成交流障碍的重要原因。手语的准确性和丰富性是提升聋校语文教学实效的关键。在聋校教学与交流中充分发挥手语的积极作用,将手语与口语、书面语等有机结合在一起,尽量运用直观的教学策略促进听障儿童学习;规范在教学活动和日常交流中使用的手语,让聋人教师积极参与教学活动,为学生营造更加良好的语言环境有助于消除多义手势语带来的课堂信息交流中的障碍。 相似文献
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Journalists, emergency responders, and the general public use Twitter during disasters as an effective means to disseminate emergency information. However, there is a growing concern about the credibility of disaster tweets. This concern negatively influences Twitter users’ decisions about whether to retweet information, which can delay the dissemination of accurate—and sometimes essential—communications during a crisis. Although verifying information credibility is often a time-consuming task requiring considerable cognitive effort, researchers have yet to explore how people manage this task while using Twitter during disaster situations.To address this, we adopt the Heuristic-Systematic Model of information processing to understand how Twitter users make retweet decisions by categorizing tweet content as systematically processed information and a Twitter user’s profile as heuristically processed information. We then empirically examine tweet content and Twitter user profiles, as well as how they interact to verify the credibility of tweets collected during two disaster events: the 2011 Queensland floods, and the 2013 Colorado floods. Our empirical results suggest that using a Twitter profile as source-credibility information makes it easier for Twitter users to assess the credibility of disaster tweets. Our study also reveals that the Twitter user profile is a reliable source of credibility information and enhances our understanding of timely communication on Twitter during disasters. 相似文献
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《普罗米修斯》2012,30(2):187-193
Social media (SM) are fast becoming a locus of disaster-related activities that range from volunteers helping locate disaster victims to actions that are malicious and offensive, from sincere expressions of empathy towards affected communities to consuming disaster imagery for mere entertainment, from recovery support funds being collected to online marketers preying on the attention afforded to a disaster event. Because of the diversity and sheer volume of both relevant and irrelevant information circulating throughout SM, prioritising an affected population’s needs and relevant data is an increasingly complex task. In addition, SM data need to be interpreted as manifestations of social processes related to community resilience, diversity and conflict of interests, and attitudes to particular response strategies. The use of SM in disasters generates a growing need for domain-specific technological solutions that can enhance public interests as well as address the needs of both disaster managers and the affected population. This task requires integrating social sciences into the development of tools that enable disaster SM data detection, filtering, analysis and representation. The aim of this paper is to contribute to a critical-constructive dialogue between social scientists and developers of SM analytic capabilities. In the context of historical, anthropological and sociological research on disaster, this paper outlines concepts of the disaster paradigm, data as a product of social and representational practices, and disaster context, and discusses their heuristic significance for the analysis of disaster SM as a manifestation of social and cultural practices. 相似文献