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1.
Berenice Nyland Chris Nyland Yang Gao Josephine Ng Xiaodong Zeng 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》2016,36(3):319-331
This paper is about an experiment in non-formal early childhood education for migrant children in Beijing. The Si Huan Playgroup was set up by a group of volunteers in 2004 and is built on ideas of early childhood pedagogy, equity, life-long learning and non-formal education. Non-formal education has implications for policy makers as this is a model that has the potential to build capacity in disadvantaged communities and provide educational experiences for preschool children. The model, as envisaged by the participants of the Si Huan Playgroup, is a provider of preschool education, operates on a volunteer basis that aims to be an educational experience for both the volunteer parents and the children. The playgroup operates alongside existing preschools in the formal education sector. Policy makers in Beijing can see tensions around the growth of a sector that is developing outside regulatory and legislative guidelines. The Si Huan playgroup has been closed down by the authorities a number of times. In this paper we outline the history and growth of the Si Huan Playgroup, explore the theoretical underpinnings of non-formal education and discuss the problems inherent in such an initiative, as well as commenting on the sustainability of such a model. 相似文献
2.
This paper examines the reading attainments of a sample of Year 2 children who had one of three types of preschool experience. The results of a 4‐year cross‐sectional study of a sample of all Year 2 children (n = 834) from six randomly selected primary schools within one Local Education Authority (LEA) are presented. The children had attended nursery or playgroup or experienced no preschool provision outside the home: they were not matched for social background. Pupils’ scores on The Primary Reading Test (PRT) [France, N. (1981) The Primary Reading Test (Windsor, NFER/Nelson] are compared over the 4 years, as are the reading Standardised Assessment Task (SAT) scores of the last two cohorts. Results are not clear cut. For 3 of the 4 years, the group with no‐preschool experience performed significantly less well than at least one of the other two groups with some type of preschool experience on the PRT. The SAT levels of nursery children were significantly higher than those of the other two groups. Conclusions, based on such a small study, are tentative. It appears that preschool provision has an effect on children's reading attainments and that this is still significant in Year 2. The validity of the SAT is considered as a factor in the relative reading attainments of the three groups. 相似文献
3.
Playgroups provide for more children under five than any other preschool service, and now regard themselves as an alternative to, rather than a substitute for, nursery education. There are, however, a number of major issues concerning their funding: income depends largely on parental fees and fund‐raising; playgroups are less well resourced than nursery education; and current resourcing may be too low to ensure quality. Based on research in 45 playgroups in three areas (rural, inner city, and suburban), the paper looks in more detail at the consequences for playgroups of their current funding position and, more specifically, at the impact on various aspects of playgroups ‐ including premises and equipment; opening hours and usage; the position of playgroup workers; the satisfaction of mothers and playgroup leaders; and the playgroup environment ‐ of different funding policies pursued by local authorities in the three study areas. One local authority provided substantial support to individual playgroups, while the other two gave minimal support. The paper concludes by considering three options for the future funding of playgroups. 相似文献
4.
This paper investigates the implementation of education policy for migrant children in urban China. Historically, rural and urban residents in China were separated by the hukou system, and rural children were not allowed to attend urban schools. Since the relaxation of the hukou system in the early 1980s, large numbers of rural families migrated to cities. The right of migrant children to education in urban China was formally recognised by the government in a series of policies starting in 2001. The research reported, here, reveals that migrant children did not have equal access to urban schools nor did they enjoy an equally good education to that of urban children. Based on 53 in-depth interviews with school principals, teachers and pupils in two provincial capitals in China, this paper explores the main factors affecting the implementation of education policy for migrant children. The research demonstrates that policies relating to equal admissions criteria were not implemented as intended, with migrant children not having equal access to schools. However, policies relating to non-segregation and academic support were implemented as intended. It is argued that, at the school level, this is a result of the examination-oriented system, and schools’ responses to this. 相似文献
5.
Lu Wang 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2008,29(6):691-703
The present paper explores issues of the educational marginality of migrant children in urban settings in two cities in China. The numbers of urban migrants exceed 100 million and are growing as China modernizes. This is creating tensions between residents and recent arrivals who lack residential registration and access to public services. As a result, migrant children often attend informal, private and usually unregulated schools of low quality organized by their communities. These tend to reinforce social stratification and reproduce marginality across the generations. The paper argues that state failure to provide basic education risks a growing divide between urban residents and recent migrants that has social consequences that must be addressed to remove discriminatory practices and resolve potential conflicts between hosts and migrant communities. 相似文献
6.
Ann Farrell Collette Tayler Lee Tennent Debbie Gahan 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2002,22(1):27-38
This paper reports on child data generated in a pilot project of the ACCESS Study of Child and Family Services , an investigation of the degree to which child and family services meet user needs within local communities. Based on theoretical perspectives drawn from social capital theories, the pilot study was undertaken by a partnership of local early childhood services within the precinct of Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane (Australia) and included two childcare centres, two kindergartens/ preschools, one playgroup and one primary school. Seventy-six children aged 3-8 years were asked, in informal conversations with their caregivers, to comment on their experiences in the service and to consider possible advice they might give to children coming into the service. Theoretical perspectives from the sociology of childhood are used to examine children's accounts of their lived experience in early childhood services. 相似文献
7.
The term “intellectually gifted rural-to-urban migrant children” refers to intellectually gifted children who are in migration from rural to urban areas. We compared performances on seven attention tasks among intellectually gifted (n = 26) and average (n = 30) rural-to-urban migrant and intellectually gifted urban children (n = 31). Our results showed that intellectually gifted rural-to-urban migrant children performed more correctly and faster on some attention tasks than did the intellectually average rural-to-urban migrant children, but they did not perform as well on some attention tasks as did the intellectually gifted urban children. Based on the attentional structures, it was evident the intellectually gifted rural-to-urban migrant children developed more mature than did either the intellectually gifted urban or the intellectually average rural-to-urban migrant children. This suggests the intellectually gifted rural-to-urban migrant children’s attention is overall superior to that of their intellectually average peers. However, there are advantages and disadvantages in terms of the quality of their attention compared to the intellectually gifted urban children. While their attentional structures seem to develop earlier, their accuracy on some of the attention tasks seems to suffer. This suggests that rural-to-urban migration is a double-edged sword for intellectually gifted children. 相似文献
8.
Danuta Waloszek 《International Journal of Early Years Education》1998,6(2):177-183
This article discusses the essence of child education, in particular, preschool education. It examines the existing concept of the playgroup in Poland as a place concerned chiefly with providing pupils with knowledge and suggests an alternative which takes into account the child's feelings and relationship with the family and close environment. 相似文献
9.
This paper gives background information on early childhood services in Ireland and presents the results of a survey of the preschool experiences of 1065 children. The results of the survey suggest that the majority of children experienced some form of early childhood service before starting school. The most common service was a playgroup although a significant proportion of the children had experienced home‐based care with a relative or family day care provider. The implications of the findings for the development of a policy on early childhood services are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Robyn Mayes Ruth McAreavey 《Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education》2017,38(3):416-428
ABSTRACTThis paper explores migrant women’s encounters with formal and informal education in what can be termed new immigration rural destinations. We ask to what extent educational opportunities are realized in these new destinations. We show that education aspirations may be jeopardized because of the desire to achieve economic goals and thus require remedial action. Specifically, we refer to qualitative data collected in rural (and remote) Boddington in Western Australia, and rural Armagh in Northern Ireland. The paper engages with two interrelated dimensions of this migrant/migration experience. English is not a first language for our participants and we first examine the provision and consumption of informal English Language classes. In doing so, we demonstrate the complex social and cultural dimensions of community-based English language instruction. Second, we attend to migrant mothers’ perceptions of and responses to children’s formal education. We highlight transnational senses of, and tensions around, ‘local/rural’ pedagogies and resultant migrant strategies. 相似文献
11.
Leif Marklund Elza Dunkels 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2016,36(3):289-304
AbstractThis paper presents different angles on the subject of digital play as a means to develop children’s literacy and power, using an online ethnographical study of Swedish preschool teachers’ discussions in informal online forums. Question posts (n = 239) were analysed using the Technological Pedagogical Knowledge framework and the Caring, Nurturing and Teaching framework, with the aim of understanding how teachers intended to support children’s literacy development with tablets. Literacy development can be understood as a social practice that needs to develop along with changes in society’s demands on citizens. The results presented indicate that school subject oriented skills are predominantly present in the mind-set of these preschool teachers. When digital play is increasingly used for pedagogical purposes in preschools, that also means that preschools have expanded their opportunities to work with children’s literacy development. For preschool teachers, it is important to discuss how literacy development can be supported in a contemporary media landscape. 相似文献
12.
结合流动儿童非正规学前教育的内涵和特点,从我国非正规学前教育的实践以及山寨幼儿园的生存困境来看,非正规学前教育是破解流动儿童学前教育问题的现实路径。流动儿童非正规学前教育的发展模式主要有三种,即社区参与型发展模式、政府扶助型发展模式和志愿者主体型发展模式。 相似文献
13.
《Ethnography and Education》2013,8(2):115-127
In children's lives the start of school is a turning point: compulsory education is their first encounter with civil duties. This important step in the process of becoming individual citizens is permeated with strong emotions and ambivalent expectations. However, the representations of school are created, established and negotiated in educational experiences preceding the start of school. In this article I explore the ways in which school is constructed in a Finnish preschool context. I build on ethnographic data generated in two preschool classes. First, I focus on how school is constructed in the social practices of teaching and in the physical space of preschool. Second, I analyse how children construct themselves as future school children and citizens by taking up available discourses and cultural practices. I argue that in official preschool, an ethos of individual survival characterises representations of school. Psychological, social and physical challenges are emphasised. Although preschool teachers in interviews and informal discussions sometimes problematise the ways in which school operates, in their teaching school practices are represented as natural. However, children actively exhibit their agency by collectively reworking of discourses and cultural practices and by renegotiating their informal relationships. 相似文献
14.
Pamela W. Garner Duhita Mahatmya Laurence Kimberly Moses Elizabeth N. Bolt 《Early education and development》2014,25(3):399-420
Research Findings: This study examined associations of preschool type (i.e., urban and suburban Head Start and university-affiliated center) and teacher–child variables with positive and negative child outcomes among 145 preschoolers (74 boys). Differences emerged across preschools, with urban Head Start children scoring lowest on the emotional competence measures and university-affiliated preschoolers experiencing less peer victimization than urban and suburban Head Start preschoolers. Differences across preschool types were also found for the teacher–child variables, such that teacher–child closeness was lower and teacher–child conflict and dependence were highest in the urban Head Start preschool. Regression analyses revealed significant and meaningful interactions between preschool type and teacher–child relational quality in the prediction of children's social-emotional outcomes. Teacher–child conflict was negatively associated with emotion regulation and teacher–child dependence was associated with the highest levels of emotion regulation, but only for university-affiliated preschoolers. Suburban Head Start preschoolers experienced less prosocial attention than urban Head Start preschoolers, but only when teacher–child closeness was high. Teacher–child closeness was also a negative predictor of urban Head Start preschoolers’ prosocial attention. Practice or Policy: Results point to the importance of understanding the role of teacher–child relational quality in the social-emotional development of children exposed to different preschool and environmental contexts. 相似文献
15.
刘志军 《华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2022,(3):40-56
采用2385名新生代外来工的调查数据,通过相关行为倾向变量来考察童年期留守经历与个体退缩型人格的关系。结果表明,有过留守经历者更可能“怕被炒掉或被刁难而不反映劳动权益意见”,显示出比较明显的退缩型人格特征。其中以学前留守的影响最显著,而留守时间越长,影响越大。以“愿否因自身权益受损参加维权活动”这一假想情境下的意愿变量、“是否怕被报复而不投诉权益受侵害行为”这一现实情境下的行为变量所做的参证分析及倾向值匹配前后的对照分析验证了上述结论的稳健性。文章重点以现实情境下的行为倾向测量验证了采用心理量表施测及定性研究所得的结论,并表明留守经历对于退缩型人格的长期性影响可以从大学生等群体推展到普通的外来工群体。所得结论亦表明,除结构逻辑和历史逻辑以外,对于新生代外来工的研究还需纳入生态逻辑,关注其童年期的发展生态系统。由于退缩会对社会融入产生消极影响,诱发“半城市化”的社会结构张力,今后的留守儿童关爱保护工作,需更多关注其人格发展,尤需对那些处于学前阶段的留守儿童采取有针对性的教育和干预策略。 相似文献
16.
基于中国人民大学提供的中国教育追踪调查数据,采用倾向得分匹配法,实证检验学前教育经历对青少年成就发展的现实影响,讨论“去小学”化的现实必要性。结果发现:接受学前教育和未接受学前教育的青少年在学业表现、家庭特征与个体特征等方面存在着一定的差异;Logit模型发现了家庭人力资本存量、经济资本以及家庭规模均对学前教育参与率的提升起到积极影响,但农村青少年的学前教育参与率相对于城镇要低2.3个百分点,显示出学前教育资源在城乡间的非均衡分布;倾向得分匹配法揭示了学前教育经历对青少年的学业表现具有正向影响,尤其是对语文和数学成绩的促进作用最为明显,但提前接触小学教育内容并不能帮助青少年赢在起跑线上。 相似文献
17.
Around the world there is a growing consensus that migrant children's rights must be protected, regardless of where they have emigrated from. One of these rights is the right to a public education of equal quality to that granted to non-migrant children regardless of where one's family is registered or pays taxes. This article focuses on migrant children schooling in Shanghai. It will show that three main problems are still impeding migrant children from getting a high-quality education. They are: the inferior quality of migrant children schools; the lack of access to a public school and the much higher costs of schooling; and the high mobility of migrant students. Our conclusion: the education rights of migrant children have become contingent on the wills of urban local governments, public attitudes, and available space in local public schools. 相似文献
18.
城镇化是当下我国农村学前教育发展和普及中的基本语境。它影响农村的学前教育需求,对农村学前教育资源供应提出挑战,导致大量农村留守学前儿童的出现;城镇化进程中的农民工市民化,对农村学前教育发展提出了新要求。人的"城镇化"是城镇化的核心,但我国长期以来一直存在城乡二元割裂的制度,形成了乡村文化与城市文化的分立,二者在农村学前教育的价值取向、知识基础、形式、内容等方面有不一样的诠释,成为农村学前教育发展和普及中的文化难题。为此,农村学前教育的发展需要明确以促进儿童发展为宗旨的发展路向,立足乡村儿童教养习俗,创新机构形式,增加农村学前教育供给,在清晰农村发展语境的基础上,因地制宜的创造农村学前教育特色。 相似文献
19.
Shen Youlu 《Chinese Education & Society》2017,50(3):217-244
AbstractRural children belong to an educationally disadvantaged group whether they migrate or remain in their villages. Using a specially designed questionnaire, this paper surveyed more than 2,500 migrant and left-behind children in the Xixiangtang District of Nanning in Mainland China on issues relating to education and mental state. Through comparisons of migrant and nonmigrant children and those who had and had not been left behind, this study found that migrant children are unable to enter public schools due to incomplete documents, and also experience problems with a safe commute to and from school, after-school care, etc.; left-behind children are more likely to experience problems with emotional deprivation, dull after-school life, susceptibility to disease, and poor habits. With respect to mental state, some of the survey questions showed no significant differences, whereas others displayed significant divergences. It can be seen that both migrant and left-behind children experience problems with educational difficulties, poor discipline, and poor mental adaptability, and are in a clearly disadvantaged position. This paper recommends that the government, schools, society, and families jointly cooperate to strengthen emotional guidance for migrant children and left-behind children and ensure that no child is abandoned, allowing migrant children to grow and learn healthily in their respective environments. 相似文献
20.
农民工子女义务教育供给困境与对策探析——一种基于公共经济学视角下的教育现象分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
席润粉 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2012,31(3):57-59
农民工子女义务教育是义务教育的重要组成部分。我国农民工子女义务教育供给的现状困境有供给的主体不明确、承担接受者不够有效和现行经费政策不够完善等。基于此,从公共经济学准公共产品的属性、特性和供给模式的理论视角出发,提出解决困境的建议性对策:农民工子女义务教育供给主体多元化、多渠道筹集农民工子女的义务教育经费;建立农民工子女义务教育经费财政转移支付专项拨款制度、改革现有的教育财政分权制度;鼓励城镇公办学校接受容纳农民工子女、消除对农民工子女的歧视和不公平的收费现象。 相似文献