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1.
Xiang Hu Dominika Sobotka Krzysztof Czerwionka Qi Zhou Li Xie Jacek Makinia 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2018,19(4):305-316
The effects of two different external carbon sources (acetate and ethanol) and electron acceptors (dissolved oxygen, nitrate, and nitrite) were investigated under aerobic and anoxic conditions with non-acclimated process biomass from a full-scale biological nutrient removal-activated sludge system. When acetate was added as an external carbon source, phosphate release was observed even in the presence of electron acceptors. The release rates were 1.7, 7.8, and 3.5 mg P/(g MLVSS·h) (MLVSS: mixed liquor volatile suspended solids), respectively, for dissolved oxygen, nitrate, and nitrite. In the case of ethanol, no phosphate release was observed in the presence of electron acceptors. Results of the experiments with nitrite showed that approximately 25 mg NO2-N/L of nitrite inhibited anoxic phosphorus uptake regardless of the concentration of the tested external carbon sources. Furthermore, higher denitrification rates were obtained with acetate (1.4 and 0.8 mg N/(g MLVSS·h)) compared to ethanol (1.1 and 0.7 mg N/(g MLVSS·h)) for both anoxic electron acceptors (nitrate and nitrite). 相似文献
2.
为了快速培养出能同时去除生活污水中化学需氧量(COD)和氮的微氧颗粒污泥,采用膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)反应器接种污水处理厂剩余污泥,研究了微氧颗粒污泥的培养过程以及稳定运行条件下供氧量对处理效果和污泥性能的影响。结果表明,水力停留时间(HRT)为6h,微氧颗粒污泥的成功培养仅需1个月;供氧速率在2.83.2gO2/d,COD,NH3-N和总氮(TN)的去除率最高分别可达91%,85%和81%,脱氮速率达1.7gN/d,出水水质最佳;成熟的微氧颗粒污泥粒径集中在0.453.2gO2/d,COD,NH3-N和总氮(TN)的去除率最高分别可达91%,85%和81%,脱氮速率达1.7gN/d,出水水质最佳;成熟的微氧颗粒污泥粒径集中在0.452mm,当供氧速率低于2.3gO2/d时,颗粒污泥结构致密,供氧速率在2.32mm,当供氧速率低于2.3gO2/d时,颗粒污泥结构致密,供氧速率在2.33.2gO2/d时,污泥性能稳定,供氧速率增加到3.2gO2/d时,污泥沉降性能下降,并出现颗粒解体和丝状菌生长优势。 相似文献
3.
Ying SONG Yu-ting HUANG Hong-fang JI Xin-jun NIE Zhi-yuan ZHANG Chuan GE An-cheng LUO Xin CHEN 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2015,16(2):145-154
题目：改良型多介质土壤渗滤系统对甲鱼养殖废水的净化效果研究
目的：通过向多介质土壤渗滤系统（MSL）的土壤层添加污泥,研究改进后的系统对工厂化甲鱼养殖废水的处理效果,分析系统内微生物群落的变化,以期部分揭示其可能的作用机理。
创新点：工厂化甲鱼养殖废水排放量日益增大,且水体氨氮含量较高。目前市场上缺乏针对甲鱼养殖废水的处理技术,MSL系统对该废水的处理也未有报道。本文在 MSL 系统的基础上进行改良,并将其应用于甲鱼养殖废水处理上,提出一套有效的甲鱼养殖废水处理技术,并对 MSL 系统内微生物群落结构进行了分析。
方法：向4套MSL小试装置中分别添加0%、5%、10%和20%污泥,研究其对工厂化甲鱼养殖废水的净化效果。试验中水质指标测定均按国家标准方法进行,系统内微生物群落结构采用聚合酶链反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）法测定。
结论：MSL系统可有效地处理工厂化甲鱼养殖废水,向系统中添加20%污泥后处理效果更佳。添加20%污泥的系统内具有较高的硝化类细菌多样性和都较多的生物量。 相似文献
目的：通过向多介质土壤渗滤系统（MSL）的土壤层添加污泥,研究改进后的系统对工厂化甲鱼养殖废水的处理效果,分析系统内微生物群落的变化,以期部分揭示其可能的作用机理。
创新点：工厂化甲鱼养殖废水排放量日益增大,且水体氨氮含量较高。目前市场上缺乏针对甲鱼养殖废水的处理技术,MSL系统对该废水的处理也未有报道。本文在 MSL 系统的基础上进行改良,并将其应用于甲鱼养殖废水处理上,提出一套有效的甲鱼养殖废水处理技术,并对 MSL 系统内微生物群落结构进行了分析。
方法：向4套MSL小试装置中分别添加0%、5%、10%和20%污泥,研究其对工厂化甲鱼养殖废水的净化效果。试验中水质指标测定均按国家标准方法进行,系统内微生物群落结构采用聚合酶链反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）法测定。
结论：MSL系统可有效地处理工厂化甲鱼养殖废水,向系统中添加20%污泥后处理效果更佳。添加20%污泥的系统内具有较高的硝化类细菌多样性和都较多的生物量。 相似文献
4.
A/O工艺与分段进水两种生物脱氮工艺的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从脱氮率、工艺运行以及节能角度对A／O工艺与分段进水2种生物脱氮工艺进行比较．结果表明,当污泥回流比为50％的条件下,分段进水工艺能达到高于80％的总氮去除率,但是A／O工艺只能达到40％．在污泥回流比为100％、硝化液回流比为200％的条件下,A／O工艺能够达到78．32％的总氮去除率,但是SVI值将达到143mL／g．而达到同样甚至更高的总氮去除率（81．1％）,分段进水工艺的SVI值只有94．4mL／g．分段进水工艺中污泥膨胀得到很好的控制．分段进水工艺在适用性、脱氮率、运行稳定性方面优于A／O工艺． 相似文献
5.
In this study, methanethiol(MT)-degradation bacteria were cultivated by using MT, methanol and trimethylamine as carbon sources under anaerobic conditions. It was found that the batch bacteria used MT and methanol as carbon sources grew faster than those used trimethylamine. The enriched bacteria used MT and methanol as the carbon sources were respectively inoculated in different biotrickling filters. The biological conversion performance of MT under anaerobic conditions was investigated in biotrickling filters. The results showed that the performance of the biotrickling filter inoculated with the bacteria enriched using MT was better than that inoculated with the bacteria enriched using methanol. When the inlet concentration of MT was 0.005vol%(50,ppm), the empty bed residence time was 50 s, p H value was 8.0, and the flow rate of the nutrient solution was 10 L/h, the removal efficiency of MT reached 95.3%. Adding methanol stimulated the growth of the biomass and the degradation of MT, but caused that some bacteria only degrading methanol outcompeted the bacteria only degrading MT. The concentration of sodium bicarbonate in the nutrient solution needed to be controlled lower than 30 g/L, otherwise, it would be harmful to the degradation of MT. 相似文献
6.
A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) seeded with activated sludge was established for landfill leachate treatment. Small bio-aggregates
began to appear after 40-d operation, and gradually changed to mature aerobic granules, with a mean size of 0.36–0.60 mm.
Their sludge volume index at 5 min (SVI5 min), mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS), and wet density were around 35 ml/g, 3.4 g/L, and 1.062 g/cm3, respectively. The settling velocities of the granules in distilled water ranged from 0.3 to 1.3 cm/s, which were faster
than those in landfill leachate with a salt content of 1.4% (w/v), and also slightly faster than those predicted by Stokes’
law for porous but impermeable particles. Microbial community evolution during the granulation process and stages under different
nitrogen loading rates (NLRs) were monitored and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
(PCR-DGGE), cloning, and sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) fragments. Results revealed that some primary and dominant
communities in inoculating activated sludge died out gradually; while a few common bacteria, inhabiting soils, municipal wastewater,
or activated sludge systems, dominated in the SBR system throughout. In addition, some other dominant species, associated
with the aerobic granulation process, were thought to play a significant role in the formation and growth of aerobic granular
sludge. During the stable operation time under low NLR, a few species were present in abundance, and may have been responsible
for the high organic removal efficiency at this time. 相似文献
7.
综述了好氧颗粒污泥技术在污废水处理工程中的研究情况.好氧颗粒污泥在实验室的阶段的研究主要集中于在高浓度有机废水处理、有毒有机物降解及脱氮除磷方面的研究,研究成果较为突出,多侧重于用各种模拟废水研究好氧颗粒污泥的形成条件.在实际污废水处理工程中的应用主要集中于对生活污水和工业废水的处理研究,侧重于工程中的处理效果,缺少对形成机理和运行条件方面的研究.在阐述国内外已有研究成果基础上,从多方面展望好氧颗粒污泥的研究方向和应用前景. 相似文献
8.
Jun Zhao Xin Zhao Lei Chao Wei Zhang Tao You Jie Zhang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(7):670-680
Pollution discharge disturbs the natural functions of water systems. The environmental microbial community composition and diversity are sensitive key indicators to the impact of water pollutant on the microbial ecology system over time. It is meaningful to develop a way to identify the microbial diversity related to heavy metal effects in evaluating river pollution. Water and sediment samples were collected from eight sections along the Tiaozi River where wastewater and sewage were discharged from Siping City in northeastern China. The main pollutants contents and microbial communities were analyzed. As the primary metal pollutants, zinc (Zn) and arsenic (As) were recorded at the maximum concentrations of 420 and 5.72 μg/L in the water, and 1704 and 1.92 mg/kg in the sediment, respectively. These pollutants posed a threat to the microbial community diversity as only a few species of bacteria and eukaryotes with strong resistance were detected through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Acinetobacter johnsonii, Clostridium cellulovorans, and Trichococcus pasteurii were the dominant bacteria in the severely polluted areas. The massive reproduction of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri almost depleted the dissolved oxygen (DO) and resulted in the decline of the aerobic bacteria. It was noted that the pollution reduced the microbial diversity but the L. hoffmeisteri mass increased as the dominant community, which led to the overconsuming of DO and anaerobic stinking water bodies. Water quality, concentrations of heavy metals, and the spatial distribution of microbial populations have obvious consistencies, which mean that the heavy metals in the river pose a serious stress on the microorganisms. 相似文献
9.
An expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge was started up with its COD removal performance, self-balancing of pH, biogas production rate and characteristics of the granular sludge during the start-up period being investigated. The results indicated that the EGSB reactor can be started up successfully in 27 d by increasing the organic loading rate rapidly. The removal efficiency of COD was maintained above 93% with influent COD concentration of 25 000 mg/L and OL... 相似文献
10.
Decomposition of dimethyl sulfide （DMS） in air was investigated experimentally by using a wire-cylinder dielectric barrier discharge （DBD） reactor at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. A new type of high pulse voltage source with a thyratron switch and a Blumlein pulse-forming network （BPFN） was adopted in our experiments. The maximum power output of the pulse voltage source and the maximum peak voltage were 1 kW and 100 kV, respectively. The important parameters affecting odor decomposition, including peak voltage, pulse frequency, gas flow rate, initial concentration, and humidity, which influenced the removal efficiency, were investigated. The results showed that DMS could be treated effectively and almost a 100% removal efficiency was achieved at the conditions with an initial concentration of 832 mg/m3 and a gas flow rate of 1000 ml/min. Humidity boosts the removal efficiency and improves the energy yield （EY） greatly. The EY of 832 mg/m3 DMS was 2.87 mg/kJ when the relative humidity was above 30%. In the case of DMS removal, the ozone and nitrogen oxides were observed in the exhaust gas. The carbon and sulfur elements of DMS were mainly converted to carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. Moreover, sulfur was discovered in the reactor. According to the results, the optimization design for the reactor and the matching of high pulse voltage source can be reckoned. 相似文献
11.
徐功娣 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2006,10(2):179-184
1Introduction Dyeingwastewaterisakindofindustrialwastewater whichisdifficulttotreat.Itcontainsnotonlyhigh concentrationsofbiggermolecules,e.g.,nitryland aminocompounds,butalsoalargeamountofheavy metals,whicharetoxiccompositionformostof micro organisms.The… 相似文献
12.
丙烯菊酯农药的微生物生物修复作用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过富集驯化培养,获得了降解丙烯菊酯的混合微生物．研究结果表明,该混合微生物发挥最优降解力的温度是35℃,pH为7．0,培养时间为72h．丙烯菊酯降解速度和混合培养微生物生长速度对外加碳源有较强的依赖性．在培养液中添加1g／L葡萄糖时,72h丙烯菊酯去除率可达76％;而采用丙烯菊酯作为培养菌生长的唯一碳源、氮源和能源时,72h丙烯菊酯去除率为55％． 相似文献
13.
To explore the applicability of anoxic-oxic （A/O） activated sludge process for petrochemical wastewater treatment, the relationship between bacterial community structure and pollutants loading/removal efficiencies was investigated by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） and other conventional techniques. It showed that when the concentrations of the influent chemical oxygen demand （COD） and ammonia nitrogen （NH4＋^-N） were 420-560 mg/L and 64-100 mg/L, respectively, the corresponding average effluent concentrations were 160 mg/L and 55 mg/L, which were 1.6 and 2.2 times higher than those of the national standards in China, respectively, demonstrating the inefficient performances of A/O process. Analysis of GC-MS indicated that refractory pollutants were mainly removed by sludge adsorption, but not by biodegradation. PCR-DGGE profile analysis suggested that the biological system was species-rich, but there was apparent succession of the bacterial community structure in different locations of the A/O system. Variations of bacterial community structure and pollutant loadings had obvious influences on pollutants removal efficiencies. Thus, A/O process was inapplicable for the treatment of complicated petrochemical wastewater, and strategies such as the reinforcement of pre-treatment and two-stage A/O process were suggested. 相似文献
14.
Phosphate-accumulating aerobic granules cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor were composed of inner rod-shaped bacteria aggregates and outer twining filamentous bacteria. The influence of two-month storage under different conditions on the storage and subsequent reactivation performance of aerobic granules was investigated. After two-month storage the granules sealed at 4 ℃ in distilled water or normal saline (named granules A and granules B, respectively) could maintain their characteristics as before, while the granules idled in the reactor at room temperature (named granules C) exhibited decreased properties. During reactivation, granules A and granules B presented almost identical recovery performance, faster than granules C, in terms of phosphorus removal efficiency, mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), phosphate release and accumulating ability. The results suggest that hermetical storage at low temperature promoted the maintenance of the granular properties and the reviving behaviors of phosphateaccumulating aerobic granules, and storage medium had little influence on the storage and recovery performance. 相似文献
15.
研究了组合工艺(高温55℃UASB反应器一常温三相好氧生物流化床)对含盐偶氮染料活性嫩黄X-6G的去除能效。试验结果表明:在水温为55℃,运行周期120d,水力停留时间18h的条件下,此工艺对于CODCr为600～1 000mg/L,含盐量为25～35g/L,活性嫩黄X-6G的浓度为40～50mg/L的染料废水,染料及CODCr的去除率可达80%～90%。 相似文献
16.
The characteristics of the start-up period of single-step autotrophic nitrogen removal process were investigated. The autotrophic nitrogen removal process used a sequencing batch reactor to treat wastewater of medium to low ammonia-nitrogen concentration, with dissolved oxygen （DO）, hydraulic retention time （HRT） and temperature controlled. The experimental conditions were temperature at （30±2） ℃, ammonia concentration of （60 to 120） mg/L, DO of （0.8 to 1.0） mg/L, pH from 7.8 to 8.5 and HRT of 24 h. The rates of nitrification and nitrogen removal turn out to be 77% and 40%, respectively, after a start up period going through three stages divided according to nitrite accumulation： sludge domestication, nitrifying bacteria selection and sludge adaptation, It is demonstrated that dissolved oxygen is critical to nitrite accumulation and elastic YJZH soft compound packing is superior to polyhedral hollow balls in helping the bacteria adhere to the membrane. 相似文献
17.
设计了膜生物反应器 (MBR)与粉末活性炭 (PAC)联合使用的膜组合工艺 (PAC MBR)处理微污染地表水 ,并用分子量分析方法来考察PAC MBR组合工艺及各单元工艺对有机物的去除效果 .分析结果表明 ,由于原水中的小分子有机物难生物降解 ,该工艺出水有机物集中在小于 1k的分子量区间内 ,活性炭的投加能显著提高这部分有机物的去除率 .试验证明 ,PAC MBR工艺中生物处理与活性炭吸附互相促进 ,在稳定运行阶段对CODMn、UV2 54 、UV4 10 和氨氮的去除率分别达到 70 %、70 %、10 0 %和 92 % . 相似文献
18.
为了提高氧化沟脱氮除磷的效果,提出了改良型氧化沟工艺,并且进行了碳源投加量对除磷脱氮的影响的试验验证.首先,给出了合肥市某污水处理厂的工程概况,并且提出了试验材料与方法.其次,分析了改良型氧化沟工艺在该污水处理厂运行效果,试验表明：（1）碳源投加量越大,释磷量越大;（2）在厌氧时污泥释磷越充分,曝气时吸磷量越大,在曝气180min后,80mg/L碳源污泥吸磷量明显小于160mg/L碳源污泥吸磷量;（3）在180min,C：N=5：1时,其硝酸盐含量和亚硝酸盐含量均小于C：N=3：1时的含量,碳源越充足,硝化反硝化效果越好,最终TN含量越小. 相似文献
19.
Urban wastewater treatment techniques could not be applied to improve the pollutant removal efficiency,due to its characteristics of closed and quiescent conditions of the static lake water.In this study,natural zeolite and coal cinder were chosen as filler compounds of the ecological filter.Static and dynamic experiments were carried out to study the remediation efficiency.Experimental data show that removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen （NH ＋ 4 -N） reaches 85% in both static and dynamic patterns and its removal efficiency reaches 97% when the recycling period is 1 h in dynamic condition.The maximum removal efficiency of nitrite nitrogen （NO-2 -N） reached 98%,and the removal efficiency of total nitrogen （TN） is a maximum of 84%.The final effluent concentration of total phosphorus （TP） is 0.079 mg/L.Effluent recycling could improve the nutrient （N,P） removal efficiently.Dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration could remain high with the water cycling.The filter works efficiently on regulating pH to the standard level of healthy water. 相似文献