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1.
Agustinus Bandur 《International Journal of Educational Development》2012,32(2):316-328
School-based management (SBM) with devolution of authority and responsibility to school level decision-makers has become the most prominent feature of public school management systems in most countries around the world. This article provides the global trends and current developments in SBM in Indonesia with an emphasis on how SBM has created partnership and participatory decision-making processes in school level. The data reported here are on the basis of an empirical survey involving 504 school council members from Ngada Flores followed by 42 interviews with all relevant stakeholders. 相似文献
2.
《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(4):37-65
School councils are a prominent feature of most school restructuring initiatives, despite surprisingly little evidence about their contribution to school improvement. This study examined the influence, on both school and classroom practices, of an advisory form of school councils implemented in the province of Ontario in June 1996. Data from interviews with 50 people from 5 schools, selected for the range of council's influence, were used to address questions concerning the extent of council effects and the characteristics of relatively influential councils. Results indicated that councils had weak positive to negative influences on both schools and classrooms. More influential councils were characterized by their collaborative team approach with the school staff and their involvement in initiatives related to school improvement objectives. These councils were usually found in schools with a history of relatively extensive parental involvement in many forms. More influential councils had facilitative principals who supported and endorsed the councils; provided information, knowledge, and skills to council members; worked closely with the council chair; and assisted the council to build connections with the school staff. 相似文献
3.
Bonnie Stelmach 《School Leadership & Management》2016,36(3):271-291
Although parent school councils are the archetypal arrangement for engaging parents in school improvement planning, their effectiveness is negligible when it comes to building parents’ capacity for and confidence in educational decision-making. Using Arnstein’s ladder of citizen participation, this qualitative case study investigated the nature and degree of parents’ participation on six school community councils (SCCs) in Saskatchewan, Canada. Focus groups and interviews with SCC parent members, and school and district leaders were the chief data sources. In most schools, the SCC structure did not dislodge time-honoured barriers that restricted parents’ influence on extracurricular issues. A conceptual examination of participation affords a process-oriented understanding of parent involvement that complements the existing focus on the factors that impact school council effectiveness as an outcome. 相似文献
4.
Colin R Boylan 《The Australian Educational Researcher》2005,32(2):49-63
School councils have operated successfully in non-government schools for many years. By contrast, the establishment of school
councils in the government school sector has had a much shorter history. In New South Wales, school council members are elected
representatives of the broader school community. This study focused on government schools in rural areas of southern New South
Wales and specifically examined the professional development and training needs of these school council members. The findings
indicated that school council members expressed concern about their inexperience as council members. Further, they identified
the following areas within which they should specifically seek professional development and training: i) identifying and analysing
the educational needs of the school and its community; ii) enhancing and facilitating better communication between the school
and its community; iii) assisting the principal to understand local community politics; and iv) promoting public education
within the local community. These priority training needs have relevance for policy makers and professional development leaders
at the systemic or departmental level. 相似文献
5.
《Pastoral Care in Education》2013,31(4):22-26
This paper identifies a number of problems facing school councils and examines their possible remit and function. It outlines a project aimed at improving school councils in a rural community college by fostering links with the local district council. The paper summarizes research aimed at understanding the authors' particular concept of participation and responsible action. They describe work undertaken with pupils and adults involved in this project. It concludes that as well as improving the school councils, such work can provide benefits to both partners by widening pupils' understanding of the functions of local government and providing an opportunity for councillors and council officers to connect with young peoples' perspectives. 相似文献
6.
This paper identifies a number of problems facing school councils and examines their possible remit and function. It outlines a project aimed at improving school councils in a rural community college by fostering links with the local district council. The paper summarizes research aimed at understanding the authors' particular concept of participation and responsible action. They describe work undertaken with pupils and adults involved in this project. It concludes that as well as improving the school councils, such work can provide benefits to both partners by widening pupils' understanding of the functions of local government and providing an opportunity for councillors and council officers to connect with young peoples' perspectives. 相似文献
7.
In their struggle to improve student learning, many developing countries are introducing school-based management (SBM) reforms that provide cash-grants to school councils. School councils are expected to work collaboratively and decide on the best use of the funds. In this paper, we study the effects of one such program in Mexico on student outcomes. We complement the differences-in-differences analysis by qualitatively exploring program implementation. Results suggest the program had substantial positive effects on third grade Spanish test scores, with most benefits accruing to schools receiving SBM cash grants for the first time. These results are robust to alternative model specifications. The implementation analysis suggests school councils did monitor grant use, but parental participation did not significantly improve in other areas. Our findings suggest that the observed positive program effects are likely to be the result of providing schools with financial resources to meet pressing equipment, material, and infrastructure needs. 相似文献
8.
In the context of citizenship education, many UK primary schools have recently set up school councils. Previous research has overlooked the importance of exploring communicative practices specific to school councils and the implications for children's participation. This paper draws on an action‐orientated research project with teachers in three Norfolk primary schools, which began with ethnographic observation of school and class council meetings. By developing alternative visual strategies for facilitating communication in meetings (based on a methodology known as PRA), teachers were able to encourage involvement by more children and enable them to have a greater voice in decision‐making. We argue that the common focus on adult procedures in school councils puts the emphasis on teaching children about their future role as citizens and can limit children's ownership of decision‐making processes. The alternative is to create contexts in which children have a sense of the democratic purposes of their school council in the here and now, by providing children with means (such as the visual strategies) that are consistent with those purposes and prioritizing action as an end. 相似文献
9.
《Africa Education Review》2013,10(1):95-112
Abstract This article focuses on decentralisation of financial control as a strategy used to develop school-based management (SBM) and improve performance. SBM is a management mechanism aimed at improving schools by shifting decision-making powers regarding the budget from the central level to the schools (Raywind 1990, 142). The article examines the role of the state in decentralisation by exploring the current South African education policy on this aspect of educational reform as expressed through the Norms and standards for school funding (RSA 1998). The policy was designed in response to the demands for educational reform and restructuring initiatives. A common feature in the implementation of this policy is the devolution of decisionmaking authority over the management of resources to schools. This includes devolution of state-allocated budgets and delegation of financial management responsibilities to school-based financial management structures through the district as a primary education service delivery system for the state. To assist both the district and the school in carrying out their responsibilities, a model for school-based financial management is presented in this article. 相似文献
10.
校本管理:理念与模式 总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27
校本管理是一场国际性学校管理改革运动,强调学校对校内的人事、课程和财务的决策权,学校有关成员的决策参与以及决策者对决策和决策的执行负责;其基本理念是把学校作为真正的办学和管理的主体,发挥学校成员的积极性、自主性和创造性,提高教育的质量和效率;校本管理实施的基本模式有行政控制、专业控制、社区控制和平衡控制等四种模式。校本管理对深化我国学校管理改革具有重要的参照意义。 相似文献
11.
鞠平凡 《扬州大学学报(高教研究版)》2004,8(2):8-11
校务委员会是新中国高等学校内部管理体制中一个重要的组织和一项重要的制度。由于不同时期高等学校面临的形势不同，尤其是高等学校内部管理体制的改革与发展，校务委员会也会随着发生相应的变化。从职权和人员组成两个方面入手，分析新中国建立以来有关校务委员会的一些主要的高等教育政策、法规文件，结合校务委员会在一些高校的实践及其在各个阶段特点、作用的变化，可以发现职权充分、明确，人员组成广泛、稳定的校务委员会对高等学校各项事业的发展都有较大的促进作用，也是当前高等学校内部管理体制改革中可行的一个方向。 相似文献
12.
Data from twenty‐two case studies of schools in four North American school districts are examined to assess the process and outcomes of reform through school‐based management (SBM). The analysis is guided by a theoretical model that describes the process through which SBM can lead to school improvement. This model suggests that the formal change in governance reflected in a shift to SBM must first generate improvements in the decision making processes utilized at the school. Better decision making will enable schools to implement needed strategic and operational changes, and these together will help build an effective school culture. An improved culture, along with the strategic and operational reforms implemented at the school, will lead to changes in the behavior of staff members, which is necessary for there to be improvement in various outcomes that serve as indicators of school quality. The analysis of the case studies indicates that schools in our sample most frequently exhibited positive changes in two areas, namely, decision making processes and school culture. Strategic and operational changes were less likely to undergo positive change, as were individual behavior and school quality. However, the overall pattern of findings provides reasonable support for the general validity of the model. Furthermore, the data from this sample of schools suggest that SBM has considerable potential to elicit positive changes in schools. To help insure that such potential is realized, the findings indicate that school leaders must insure that all constituents have an opportunity to participate in school level decisions, that a vision regarding desired outcomes should be utilized to guide the implementation of strategic and operational changes, and that the process of change should be monitored in order to better identify problem areas and allow corrective action to be taken. 相似文献
13.
Seventy‐seven empirical and case studies of the implementation of school‐based management (SBM) reported between 1985 and 1995 are reviewed in order to determine obstacles typically encountered in the early to middle stages of such implementation and promising strategies for dealing with them. Results are reported in terms of obstacles relevant to teachers, principals, parents and the wider community, site councils, schools as a whole, and district administrators. These results are discussed in terms of the potential role for SBM in the creation of “high involvement” schools. 相似文献
14.
民办高校理事会从诞生以来的信托实体至今逐步演化为民办学校的内设机构,从世界范围民办高校发展史看,其发挥了不可估量的作用。《民办教育促进法》在未区分非营利民办高校财产权的情况下,将理事会规定为民办高校的中枢决策主体,此种制度设计造成该法与《民法典》设置的法人类型不能完全对应,给非营利民办高校理事会治理造成了困难。在现实中,非营利民办高校理事会存在权力过于集中、校长治理权无法保障、缺乏监督机制等诸多问题。在未来改革中,应当以办学财产的归属和来源是否是捐赠作为区分非营利民办高校法人性质的标准,形成以理事会为核心、校长独立治校、教职工和党委共同监督的共治格局。 相似文献
15.
Youth councils are examined as spaces of citizenship education where young people are educated as political subjects. At a time of political and economic instability data were collected in a Catalan city through tests and focus groups involving 112 students, three teachers and two youth council managers during one academic year. Students’ political trust decreased and their cynicism towards politics increased; there were no changes in students’ anticipated future participation. The article avoids drawing simplistic causal links between students’ involvement in a council and the expression of their views. The participants also discuss the councils as performance sites. It is speculated whether, in students’ views, this metaphor of performance applies not only to the councils but to the wider political context in which they live. It is argued that youth councils are, in some ways, potentially valuable for promoting participation and recommendations are made in light of the findings. 相似文献
16.
Higher education in Britain displays a diversity of patterns of participation and provision. The establishment of funding councils for England, Scotland, Wales; together with the advisory body the Northern Ireland Higher Education Council (NIHEC), for Northern Ireland, will further increase this diversity. As these councils go about their work, a valuable exercise might be conducted by recording the patterns of participation in the early 1990s. Each council confronts a different tradition, with different levels of participation, and with somewhat different issues on their policy agenda. The NIHEC oversees a small two university system, with a high Northern Irish age participation index, and where affirmative action and equal opportunity measures have a particular prominence. 相似文献
17.
18.
《欧洲教育》2013,45(4):349-352
The university government elections held at the beginning of the academic year 1971- 1972 revealed the typical problems that beset the novel establishment of self-government at these institutions. The departmental elections concern the 650 Higher Education and Research Departments of the 65 universities and university centers in France. The role of these councils thus elected by professors, university personnel, and students is quite important. By the terms of the Orientation Law, the councils are principally responsible for admitting students, for the choice of teaching methods, and for establishing examination regulations. In addition, the council members select delegates to the university councils who are responsible for, among other things, the voting on the budgets for these institutions. 相似文献
19.
巴基斯坦旁遮普省是发展中国家里文盲率最高的地区,教育的严重滞后已经影响到了这一地区经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高。从1994年开始,巴基斯坦政府在全国范围内推广学校管理委员会,以期解决农村基础教育问题。这项制度在旁遮普省的实施过程中,取得了一些成果,但仍存在很多的问题,这些对我国少数民族农村地区的教育有一定的启示。 相似文献
20.
Official involvement of parents in school education has been very limited until recently within the highly centralized educational administration and school management system in Korea. But, the educational reform in 1995 has brought fundamental changes in educational administration and school management system of Korea. The main approach of the reform is decentralization, which tries to turn over the power of the central government in educational administration and school management to the hands of regional education offices and site schools. According to the reform, the school council was introduced to enforce autonomous and responsible school-based management through broad participation of various stakeholders of education. In this article, I examined the background, roles, and characteristics of the school council, focusing on the new pattern of parent–school participation formation. And based on the findings, I discussed the issues of parents participation and future prospects of the school council and suggested policy implications for better implementation of parent–school partnership through the school council. 相似文献