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1.
Few studies have examined the relationship between on-the-job productivity and graduate education using single-firm data. This paper studies the effect of graduate education on job performance using a unique micro-database consisting of military officers. Supervisor ratings and promotion probabilities are examined for professional and technical officers in the US Navy, a hierarchical organization with an internal labor market and up-or-out promotion policies. Single-stage estimates indicate that, among those eligible to be considered for promotion to grade 4, the up-or-out point, those with any graduate degree are more likely to be promoted. The effect is especially pronounced for those who receive a degree via the Navy's sponsored, full-time program. However, when instruments that are uncorrelated with promotion are used to predict graduate degree status, the results suggest that a sizeable portion of the relationship between graduate education and promotion is due to unobserved attributes that lead some people to attend (or to be selected for) graduate school and to be more promotable. The selection-corrected estimates of the promotion effect of graduate education are reduced by between 40 and 50%. [JEL I21, J24] 相似文献
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Maisha N. Cooper Alexander H. Updegrove Jeff A. Bouffard 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2019,30(1):46-70
This study relies on data from 388 junior and senior criminal justice majors to examine predictors of intentions to pursue graduate education in criminology, criminal justice, or a closely related field. Logistic regression results demonstrate that women, students who receive greater encouragement to attend graduate school, students with a lower aversion to reading, writing, and statistics, and students who perceive greater diversity intolerance are more likely to report graduate school intentions. Although students’ race was not found to be significant in the overall model, split-sample models revealed that the significance of predictors varied by race and ethnicity. In discussing the findings, special attention is given to the need for primarily White institutions (PWIs) to partner with historically Black college and universities (HBCUs). We conclude by calling for departments to redouble their efforts to diversify their faculty and student bodies. 相似文献
3.
Tazzarae Spivey-Mooring 《Peabody Journal of Education》2014,89(3):393-410
This study examines an innovative model program for the mentorship of diverse graduate students entitled the Inter-Ethnic/Interdisciplinary Mentoring Institute for Graduate Education (i.e., Mentoring Institute), which was established by the Graduate Student Diversity Programs in the Office of the Vice President for Research at the University of Virginia (UVa). The Mentoring Institute was created to promote an inclusive environment for graduate students from diverse backgrounds as well as to provide support for and increase the number of students of color who successfully matriculate and graduate from UVa. A comprehensive program evaluation was conducted that assesses the mentoring experiences of UVa graduate students who participate in the Mentoring Institute. The evaluation data reveals how graduate students’ involvement in the Mentoring Institute has positively impacted their academic and social experiences as well as their feelings of connectedness to UVa's professional community. The evaluation also assesses ongoing activities, professional trainings, workshops, and other support mechanisms provided for graduate students by the Mentoring Institute. In all, graduate students who participated in the Mentoring Institute evaluation indicated that the program has contributed significantly to their academic success, social well being, and feelings of connectedness to the UVa graduate school community. This study should particularly benefit administrators, faculty, students, and higher education professionals who are interested in multicultural graduate student development at predominately White institutions of higher education. 相似文献
4.
Information and choice of A‐level subjects: A cluster randomised controlled trial with linked administrative data 
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下载免费PDF全文 We estimated the effects of an intervention which provided information about graduate wages to 5593 students in England, using a blinded cluster randomised controlled trial in 50 schools (registration: AEARCTR‐0000468). Our primary outcome was students’ choice of A‐level subjects at age 16. We also recorded the students’ expectations of future wages and the A‐level subjects they intended to take before and after the intervention, and linked their data into national administrative school examination records. We found that an hour‐long lesson on information about graduate wages affected students’ beliefs about and choice of subject. They were more likely to take mathematics and less likely to take biology and computing. We found strong evidence that mediating factors such as their beliefs about average graduate salaries and their own likely salary in each subject were affected by the intervention. This suggests that providing accessible and credible information on labour market consequences of school choices may influence students’ decisions. In the light of concerns about the quality of careers guidance for school students and expectations that educational choices should be well‐informed, the study has clear implications for policy and practice. 相似文献
5.
Bertina H. Combes Mei Chang Jennifer E. Austin Demarquis Hayes 《Psychology in the schools》2016,53(5):548-563
This study aimed to explore school psychologists’ use of evidence‐based practices (EBP), specifically in the area of social skills training, for students with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants were 220 school psychologists practicing in public school settings who provided social skills training to students with ASD. Participants were recruited through e‐mail solicitations and completed surveys administered on‐line. Results indicated that 47% of the participants reported that their graduate program did not provide courses including content addressing social skills training for students with ASD, and 58% did not receive training on the topic during their internship. The most and least frequently endorsed EBP reported were the provision of clear and measurable treatment objectives and regular communication with parents, respectively. Greater use of EBP was reported when school districts perceived implementing EBP as important. Implications of findings for training programs of school psychologists, school districts, and individual school psychologists are discussed, as well as implications for future research. 相似文献
6.
N. Andrew Peterson Antoinette Y. Farmer Louis Donnelly Brad Forenza 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(5):460-479
The implicit curriculum, which refers to a student’s learning environment, has been described as an essential feature of an integrated professional social work curriculum. Very little is known, however, about the heterogeneity of students’ experiences with the implicit curriculum, how this heterogeneity may be distributed across groups of students, and how it may impact students’ professional empowerment. This study used latent profile analysis to identify groups of students based on their experiences with the implicit curriculum in school and field contexts, and it examined differences between profile groups on measures of professional empowerment. Study participants (n = 534) were undergraduate and graduate students of a large school of social work in the northeast. Results revealed that four groups of students could be identified based on their experiences with the implicit curriculum: students who experienced (a) positive school and field environments, (b) positive school but negative field environments, (c) negative school but positive field environments, and (d) negative school and field environments. Profile groups differed significantly on measures of professional empowerment. Implications and directions for future work are discussed. 相似文献
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Research on college choices is the new tool used by Higher Educational Institutions to help them identify the influences and factors affecting potential student populations. To measure the growing rate of working students in higher education, we propose to examine the decisions made after graduating from high school to current demographic changes. In this study, we use data from the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS: 2002) to estimate the influence of individual variables on post graduating high school choices using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Untangling the individual choices allows us to examine, four possible after high school life choices—students who decide to pursue post-secondary education (student); those who decide to work while attending a post-secondary institution (working student); those who decide to enter the workforce (worker) or high school graduates who neither work nor enroll in postsecondary education (unemployed). Results suggest that aside from socioeconomic status and achievement, interesting patterns for gender, ethnicity and family composition and its effect on the likelihood of a high school graduate’s life choices emerged. As an example, Asian students are more likely to enter their next phase in life as a student than a working student in comparison to white ones. That result is a clear example that not all high school students are alike in their life choices; therefore, for a better understanding in the needs and decision making ways of high school graduates, this paper addresses different factors that lead to a post-secondary decision in order to accommodate their transition to HEI. 相似文献
9.
This paper shows that LGBT students in the U.S. are less likely to graduate from high school and attend college. These differences persist after controlling for demographic characteristics, family background, state and school fixed effects. Relatedly, LGBT students have lower educational expectations, a lower sense of school belonging, and are more likely to have been affected by discrimination. 相似文献
10.
This empirical research explores a role that the quality of teaching and students’ competence play in shaping students’ views about the upward mobility opportunities in their higher education institutions. It is often understood that the principal role of higher education is to promote merit-based mobility amongst students, as well as espouse the merit-based upward mobility amongst its faculty. How exactly students in higher education form their views about the presence of meritorious upward mobility is the question that remains largely unanswered, especially in developing societies. To help answer this question, the study relies on the binary logistic regression of data collected via 762 surveys from 6 public higher education institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina and determines what factors help predict students’ views on whether faculty promotions are merited or not. Findings in this article are sub-selected from a broader empirical work, and they point to a novel link: the quality of teaching and students’ views on whether the most competent students are first to graduate in their faculties are the key predictors of whether students believe the faculty members within their higher education institutions are promoted based on merit. In the absence of meritocracy, students are, as this research finds, likely to categorize the educational system as corrupt. When the merit-based competition does not determine who moves up within higher education, one's belonging to the political, social, and economic elites tends to become the alternative basis for the upward mobility. Moving away from the merit-based mobility can have broad social consequences particularly in developing countries that are poorly equipped to react to such digressions, underlining the relevance of this work cross-nationally. 相似文献
11.
Andrew J. Martin 《British Educational Research Journal》2011,37(5):739-763
The present study examined the implications of grade retention (repeating a grade) and social promotion (automatic promotion to the next grade each year) for high school students’ academic and non‐academic outcomes. Based on data from 3261 high school students, structural equation modeling demonstrated that, after controlling for interactions with other factors, demographic covariates and ability, there were significant (p < 0.001) main effects of grade retention. In terms of academic factors, grade retention was a significant negative predictor of academic self‐concept and homework completion and a significant positive predictor of maladaptive motivation and weeks absent from school. In terms of non‐academic factors, grade retention was a significant negative predictor of self‐esteem but was not significantly associated with relationship with peers. In follow‐up analyses using a sub‐sample of retained (n = 186) and promoted (n = 186) students matched by ability, age and gender, findings were confirmed and with stronger effects on some factors. For nations and systems emphasizing grade retention and for those emphasizing social promotion, findings have implications for educational practice, policy and theories of child and academic development. 相似文献
12.
This paper investigates the impact of Texas’s Top Ten Percent Rule—which grants automatic to any public college in Texas for Texas high school graduates who graduate in the top decile—and subsequent targeted recruitment programs initiated by Texas’s flagship universities. Using data on SAT test-takers in Texas from 1996 to 2004, we find that the Top Ten Percent Rule affects the set of colleges that students consider, and the targeted recruitment programs are able to attract the attention of students from poor high schools that were not traditional sources of students for the flagships in Texas. 相似文献
13.
Clara Perez-Adamson 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2016,46(1):19-35
Twenty students from different educational backgrounds within the UK were interviewed to investigate how well they considered their secondary school education had prepared them for the educational and social demands of an ‘elite’ university and life within its most traditional colleges. The study asked them how they perceived students from different educational backgrounds and how they thought they were perceived. Entering a traditional Cambridge college was found to be easiest for students from prestigious ‘public schools’ within the private educational sector. State school students were more likely to experience anxiety, and those who adapted successfully were likely to have strong independent learning skills and a robust sense of self-efficacy. The study suggests that students coming from state schools to Cambridge are making a more difficult academic and social transition than students from private schools, for which they are given no special support. 相似文献
14.
Enilda Romero-Hall 《TechTrends》2017,61(6):580-588
The purpose of the present investigation was to better understand graduate students’ use of the content shared in the social media channels of their programs and the perceived impact that their participation in these social media spaces has on the graduate students’ transformation as professionals. Seventy-seven instructional design and technology (ID&T) graduate students completed an electronic questionnaire. The results revealed that although graduate students use social media for personal purposes, they are not always followers or members of the social media spaces of their ID&T program. However, those who follow the social media of their ID&T program found tremendous benefits from the experience. These benefits range from feelings of belonging to a community of ID&T professionals, to career opportunities for networking, and cross country interactions. 相似文献
15.
Vanessa X. Barrat BethAnn Berliner Anthony B. Fong 《Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk》2013,18(4):217-233
The customary perception is that students who drop out vanish from school enrollment rosters for good. This is an incomplete picture of the complex dropout story; dropping out is not necessarily a permanent high school outcome. Following the enrollment and course history of a district cohort of first-time 9th graders, this article documents the cohort's dropout, reenrollment, and graduation outcomes. One-third of dropouts reenrolled in district high schools, and older students and students behind in course credits were less likely to reenroll than other dropouts. Interviews with district administrators, high school principals, and reenrollees examined student motivations for reenrolling and challenges districts face when dropouts reenroll. Dropouts return primarily because of limited employment opportunities and efforts of school leaders to facilitate their return. Yet reenrollment created district challenges related to funding, accountability, and getting students who had dropped out on track to graduate. 相似文献
16.
Carrie J. Furrer Joseph W. Suggs 《Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk》2013,18(3):149-164
Over a decade of research has demonstrated the positive effects of extended school day programs on various elementary and middle school student outcomes, both in the short and long term. The efficacy of extended school day programs in promoting academic outcomes among high school students is less well understood. This study contributes to the existing literature by examining school attendance, credit attainment, and standardized reading and math scores in a group of students at risk of academic failure who participated in extended school day programming. The study compared their outcomes to those of a group of demographically similar students who did not participate in the program. The extended school day program is provided within a full-service Schools Uniting Neighborhoods (SUN) Community School (CS) in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area. Results suggest an advantage for SUN students in terms of better school attendance and earning credits toward graduation, but not in terms of standardized test scores. Implications for future research and extended school day policy are discussed. 相似文献
17.
丁静静 《齐齐哈尔师范高等专科学校学报》2012,(2):43-44
中学生年龄段犯罪问题突出,因此提高中学生法制教育实效性刻不容缓。目前中学生法制教育实行过程中存在一些问题,需要从教师、学校、家庭、社会监管及学生自身实际等方面探讨提升中学生法制教育的实效性对策。 相似文献
18.
高校硕士研究生在竞争日益激烈的社会大环境下成长,各种压力导致他们心理脆弱,压抑的情绪得不到一定的宣泄,影响其身心健康。通过对西安邮电大学在校硕士研究生心理健康状况的调查,从性别、年级、是否应届生等角度分析硕士研究生心理健康状况的基本特点,从社会、家庭、学校、研究生个人等角度,分析研究生产生心理压力的原因,从健康心理学角度提出疏导研究生心理压力的方式,以期提高高校硕士研究生的心理健康水平,促进其人格完善发展。 相似文献
19.
Cheryl Bailey Gittens 《Peabody Journal of Education》2014,89(3):368-379
The quality of doctoral students’ academic and social experiences is a key element of their success in graduate school programs. These experiences support the completion of doctoral programs, especially for first-generation college students from low-income backgrounds. Framed by Weidman's (1989) undergraduate socialization model, the author interviewed 18 former participants in Ronald McNair Programs (McNair Program),who completed their doctoral studies in order to determine how such programs can serve as a socializing agent to facilitate the successful completion of graduate study. Several themes emerge from the interviews conducted that distinguish McNair Programs from other interventions to promote integration or preparation, including the presence of academic and social integration. Such integration had a positive influence on the participants’ doctoral experience and contributed to the development of their competence, self-confidence, social and academic connectedness, and academic identity. Participants derived the greatest benefits from academic program components and academic counseling. Moreover, social components such as mentoring, cultural activities, and personal encounters in summer research internships also contributed to a positive doctoral experience. 相似文献
20.
扩招后我国研究生入学选择的实证研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文采用2008年<高校本专科生学业发展状况调查>和<研究生学业发展状况调查>的数据,对扩招后我国高校研究生入学选择及其入学动机展开了分析.分析集中在以下三个方面:本专科毕业后表示读研意愿的学生群体的特性、研究生入学意愿的影响机制、研究生群体的入学动机及其结构性特征.研究结果显示:1)读研已成为扩招后我国高校学生毕业后的主要发展路径之一;2)毕业后选择升学和选择就业的两大学生群体,其家庭社会经济背景和学业能力存在着显著的差异;3)学生的个体特征、家庭背景、高校教学环境、学生学业参与、学业成绩和经济因素对学生选择升学都具有显著影响;4)研究生入学动机呈现多样化趋势.在保持学术研究兴趣的同时,强化就业竞争力、拓展社会资本以及荻取户籍等非学术型升学导向日趋明显. 相似文献