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1.
"大学物理实验"是面向理工科学院学生开授的通识必修基础课,该课程要求学生在学习了大学物理的基本知识后,能够借助物理实验室提供的实验仪器,通过自己动手操作,完成相应的物理实验项目,加深对物理理论的理解和融会贯通,同时增强学生的实践能力,对学生后续的专业实验和实践起到承前启后的引导作用。大学物理实验教学改革是本科教学发展的需求,重视学生独立自主学习、开拓创新,以学生为中心进行教育教学。学校"大学物理实验"教学改革中融入了课程思政,加入了虚拟仿真实验,实现了线上线下混合式的教学模式,做到推陈出新、虚实结合。 相似文献
2.
In Victoria, students intending to become physics teachers must choose to study physics in the final two years of high school,
and then for at least two years at tertiary level. For those who have not taken this route there has been little access to
the study of physics at a tertiary level and to a career in physics teaching. The Graduate Diploma in Physics and Education
at La Trobe University offers graduates who have not studied physics as part of their undergraduate degree an opportunity
to train as physics teachers.
Implementation of the diploma has entailed a re-examination of the content and teaching style of undergraduate physics. In
this paper, the course structure as a whole will be outlined and the physics taught as part of the diploma described. The
preliminary results of the on-going course evaluation will be presented.
Specializations: Physics education, gender and science teaching.
Specializations: Physics education. 相似文献
3.
Aude Caussarieu Andrée Tiberghien 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2017,15(6):997-1015
The understanding of measurement is related to the understanding of the nature of science—one of the main goals of current international science teaching at all levels of education. This case study explores how a first-year university physics course deals with measurement uncertainties in the light of an epistemological analysis of measurement. The data consist of the course documents, interviews with senior instructors, and laboratory instructors’ responses to an online questionnaire. During laboratory work, uncertainties are expressed in the large majority of the measurements made by the students but only in less than half of their calculation results. The instructors’ expectations are that students systematically estimate uncertainties so that they become aware that measurements and calculations are never exact. However, since uncertainties are not specified for the values given in the laboratory guides, uncertainties are often missing from the results of students’ calculations. The potential side effects of students’ measurement understanding are discussed and suggestions for improvements are proposed. 相似文献
4.
Joaquin De Juan Rosa M. Pérez-Cañaveras Yolanda Segovia Jose Luis Girela Noemi Martínez-Ruiz Alejandro Romero-Rameta Maria José Gómez-Torres M. Flores Vizcaya-Moreno 《Learning Environments Research》2016,19(1):87-106
Cell biology is an academic discipline that organises and coordinates the learning of the structure, function and molecular composition of cells in some undergraduate biomedical programs. Besides course content and teaching methodologies, the laboratory environment is considered a key element in the teaching of and learning of cell biology. The aim of this study was to determine students’ opinions about the quality of the teaching and learning environment in cell biology laboratory practice. For this study, we used a short form of the Science Laboratory Environment Inventory (SLEI), which we adapted and translated into Spanish. The questionnaire, administered to students enrolled in four undergraduate programs, consisted of 24 questions divided into four scales: integration of content, clarity of laboratory rules, cohesion between students and teachers, and quality of laboratory infrastructures and materials. The results suggested that (1) students positively assessed the learning environment provided for cell biology practice, (2) the short Spanish form of the SLEI was a valid, reliable instrument for evaluating student satisfaction, laboratory activities, the degree of cooperation between students and teachers, and theoretical and practical organisation of content and (3) the questionnaire detected differential perceptions of the learning environment based on gender and the program studied. 相似文献
5.
An Inexpensive Gel Electrophoresis-Based Polymerase Chain Reaction Method for Quantifying mRNA Levels 
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下载免费PDF全文 William D. Bradford Laty Cahoon Sara R. Freel Laura L. Mays Hoopes Todd T. Eckdahl 《CBE life sciences education》2005,4(2):157-168
In order to engage their students in a core methodology of the new genomics era, an ever-increasing number of faculty at primarily undergraduate institutions are gaining access to microarray technology. Their students are conducting successful microarray experiments designed to address a variety of interesting questions. A next step in these teaching and research laboratory projects is often validation of the microarray data for individual selected genes. In the research community, this usually involves the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a technology that requires instrumentation and reagents that are prohibitively expensive for most undergraduate institutions. The results of a survey of faculty teaching undergraduates in classroom and research settings indicate a clear need for an alternative approach. We sought to develop an inexpensive and student-friendly gel electrophoresis-based PCR method for quantifying messenger RNA (mRNA) levels using undergraduate researchers as models for students in teaching and research laboratories. We compared the results for three selected genes measured by microarray analysis, real-time PCR, and the gel electrophoresis-based method. The data support the use of the gel electrophoresis-based method as an inexpensive, convenient, yet reliable alternative for quantifying mRNA levels in undergraduate laboratories. 相似文献
6.
Testa Italo De Luca Picione Raffaele Scotti di Uccio Umberto 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2022,37(3):785-806
The purpose of this study was to analyse Italian high school and university students’ attitudes towards physics using the Semiotic Cultural Psychological Theory (SCPT). In the SCPT framework, attitudes represent how individuals interpret their experience through the mediation of generalized meaning with which they are identified. A view-of-physics questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect data with 1603 high school and university students. Data were analysed through multiple correspondence analysis and cluster analysis. We identified four generalized meanings of physics: (a) interesting and important for society; (b) a quite interesting, but badly taught subject at school and not completely useful for society; (c) difficult to study and irrelevant for society; and (d) a fascinating and protective niche from society. The identified generalized meanings are significantly correlated to the choice to study physics at undergraduate level and to the choice of attending physics-related activities in high school. Implications for research are discussed.
相似文献7.
Sandy Alber 《Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education》2013,34(3):265-274
The aim of the present study was to examine prospective early childhood educators' attitudes towards teaching multicultural classes using the planned behavior theoretical framework. One hundred and forty-eight undergraduate students voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were divided into two groups. The first group comprised students who attended courses on multicultural education, whereas the second group comprised students who did not attend those courses. A specifically designed questionnaire was administered to assess attitudes toward teaching multicultural classes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and self-assessed knowledge. Results showed that the planned behavior model can be applied to the multicultural domain. Self-assessed knowledge significantly increased the predictability of the prospective students' intentions only for the first group (R 2 = .61). It was concluded that prospective early educators' participation in courses regarding cultural diversity facilitated their attitudes towards teaching children from various cultural backgrounds. 相似文献
8.
Instructional strategies and curriculum sequences aimed at teaching process skills have received considerable attention in science education. On the other hand, the teaching of domain-independent, context-free skills has been subject to criticism on the ground that important aspects of cognitive activities are functions of meaningful contexts. The intent of this study was to examine the development of integrated process skills in the context of open-inquiry laboratory sessions. The data-collection approach was qualitative and included videotapes of laboratory sessions, laboratory reports of students, and the reflective journals kept by the two teachers involved in the study. Forty-eight students from the Grade 11 introductory physics course, 29 students from the Grade 12 physics course, and 60 students from the Grade 8 general science course from an all-boys private school participated in the study. An interpretive research methodology was adopted for construction of meaning from the data. Students worked in collaborative groups during all of the open-inquiry laboratory sessions. Findings from the study indicate that students develop higher-order process skills through nontraditional laboratory experiences that provided the students with freedom to perform experiments of personal relevance in authentic contexts. Students learned to (a) identify and define pertinent variables, (b) interpret, transform, and analyze data, (c) plan and design an experiment, and (d) formulate hypotheses. Findings of this study suggest that process skills need not be taught separately. Integrated process skills develop gradually and reach a high level of sophistication when experiments are performed in meaningful context. 相似文献
9.
目的:探讨支架式教学方法在《医学免疫学》教学中的应用。方法:选取我校2018级6个五年制医学本科班共248人作为研究对象。随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组(3个班,125人)采用传统教学法,即教师根据教学大纲利用多媒体课件逐章系统地讲授基本知识。观察组(3个班,123人)采用支架式教学法。采用闭卷考试的方法比较教学效果,采用问卷调查的方法评价学生对支架式教学方法的认可度。结果:问卷调查结果显示大多数同学能够接受并希望今后继续采用支架式教学方法;90%以上的同学认为支架式教学有利于自学能力的培养,80%以上的同学认为支架式教学能够激发学生的学习兴趣,调动学习积极性,增加师生互动交流,活跃课堂气氛;70%以上的同学认为有利于团队精神的培养和减少学习挫折感。闭卷考试结果显示,观察组和对照组在简答题、综合分析题及考试总成绩比较,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论:支架式教学方法能够激发学生的学习兴趣,调动学习积极性,有利于培养学生自学能力和团结协作精神,提高学生综合分析水平,从而提升学生的综合素质。 相似文献
10.
层次化物理实验教学平台建设 总被引：5，自引：6，他引：5
李潮锐 《实验室研究与探索》2005,24(5):63-65
结合物理学科建设和物理基地人才培养需要，以物理实验课程内容改革为切入点，提出层次化物理实验教学方法。充分认识到实验课程建设的关键是教学实验室建设，实施了层次化物理实验教学平台建设，通过设备资源使用优化满足优生优培的教学需要。 相似文献
11.
本文以建构主义理论为依据,对设计性物理实验的界定、基本特征、教学设计的建构主义原则、建构观下的教学模式等进行了探讨;针对工科学生的教学实践,得出相关结论.这些尝试性的工作为今后更好地开展物理实验教学提供参考. 相似文献
12.
基于工科院校普通物理教学的重要性，通过分析普通物理课程的现状，结合教学体会，提出在工科院校中进行普通物理教学改革与创新的途径和由此引发的一些思考。 相似文献
13.
The purpose of this study was to construct and study the impact of a research‐based sequence for teaching the concept of modelling to seventh‐grade science students. We identified students' notions of models and the aspects of school science to be addressed regarding the model concept, which were then taken into account when we planned the learning sequence. The idea of modelling in science was taught while the students were learning about the change of states of matter in seventh‐grade physics. A pre‐interview revealed that the students' notions of models were very limited, while a post‐interview showed that this improved in the course of the series of lessons. There was also a statistically significant difference in the students' understanding of modelling between our target group and a control group consisting of ninth‐grade students who had received only the normal teaching. However, a delayed post‐questionnaire completed a few months after the teaching sequence showed that the stability of learning results were dependent on whether models and modelling were used in the normal teaching conducted after the teaching sequence. Implications for teaching, teacher education and research are also addressed in this paper. 相似文献
14.
应用型本科院校大学物理分专业教学改革研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据应用型本科院校大学物理教学现状,提出了大学物理按专业分类教学的改革方案。通过大学物理分专业教学,调动了学生学习大学物理的积极性,实现了大学物理课教学与专业课教学的衔接,为学生进一步学习专业课打下了坚实的基础。 相似文献
15.
Gwendolyn Angela Lawrie Lisbeth Grøndahl Simon Boman Trish Andrews 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2016,25(3):394-409
Recent examples of high-impact teaching practices in the undergraduate chemistry laboratory that include course-based undergraduate research experiences and inquiry-based experiments require new approaches to assessing individual student learning outcomes. Instructors require tools and strategies that can provide them with insight into individual student contributions to collaborative group/teamwork throughout the processes of experimental design, data analysis, display and communication of their outcomes in relation to their research question(s). Traditional assessments in the form of laboratory notebooks or experimental reports provide limited insight into the processes of collaborative inquiry-based activities. A wiki environment offers a collaborative domain that can potentially support collaborative laboratory processes and scientific record keeping. In this study, the effectiveness of the wiki in supporting laboratory learning and assessment has been evaluated through analysis of the content and histories for three consenting, participating groups of students. The conversational framework has been applied to map the relationships between the instructor, tutor, students and laboratory activities. Analytics that have been applied to the wiki platform include: character counts, page views, edits, timelines and the extent and nature of the contribution by each student to the wiki. Student perceptions of both the role and the impact of the wiki on their experiences and processes have also been collected. Evidence has emerged from this study that the wiki environment has enhanced co-construction of understanding of both the experimental process and subsequent communication of outcomes and data. A number of features are identified to support success in the use of the wiki platform for laboratory notebooks. 相似文献
16.
《学习科学杂志》2013,22(2):243-256
Educational technology supports meaningful learning and enables the presentation of spatial and dynamic images, which portray relationships among complex concepts. The Technology-Enabled Active Learning (TEAL) Project at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) involves media-rich software for simulation and visualization in freshman physics carried out in a specially redesigned classroom to facilitate group interaction. These technology-based learning materials are especially useful in electromagnetism to help students conceptualize phenomena and processes. This study analyzes the effects of the unique learning environment of the TEAL project on students' cognitive and affective outcomes. The assessment of the project included examining students' conceptual understanding before and after studying electromagnetism in a media-rich environment. We also investigated the effect of this environment on students' preferences regarding the various teaching methods. As part of the project, we developed pre- and posttests consisting of conceptual questions from standardized tests, as well as questions designed to assess the effect of visualizations and experiments. The research population consisted of 811 undergraduate students. It consisted of a small- and a large-scale experimental groups and a control group. TEAL students improved their conceptual understanding of the subject matter to a significantly higher extent than their control group peers. A majority of the students in the small-scale experiment noted that they would recommend the TEAL course to fellow students, indicating the benefits of interactivity, visualization, and hands-on experiments, which the technology helped enable. In the large-scale implementation students expressed both positive and negative attitudes in the course survey. 相似文献
17.
Christopher Deacon Allyson Hajek Henry Schulz 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(16):2189-2208
ABSTRACTMany post-secondary institutions provide training and resources to help GTAs fulfil their teaching roles. However, few programmes focus specifically on the teaching competencies required by GTAs who work with undergraduate students in laboratory settings where learning tends to be more active and inquiry based than in classroom settings. From a review of 8 GTA manuals, we identified 20 competencies and then surveyed faculty and lab coordinators (FIS) and GTAs from a Faculty of Science at a comprehensive Canadian university to identify which of those competencies are required of GTAs who work in undergraduate science labs. GTAs and FIS did not significantly differ in the competencies they view as required for GTAs to work effectively in undergraduate labs. But, when comparing the responses of GTAs and FIS to TA manuals, ‘Clearly and effectively communicates ideas and information with students’ was the only competency for which there was agreement on the level of requirement. We also examined GTAs’ self-efficacy for each of the identified competencies and found no overall relationship between self-efficacy and demographic characteristics, including experience and training. Our results can be used to inform the design of training programmes specifically for GTAs who work in undergraduate science labs, for example, programmes should provide strategies for GTAs to obtain feedback which they can use to enhance their teaching skills. The goal of this study is to improve undergraduate lab instruction in faculties of science and to enhance the teaching experience of GTAs by better preparing them for their role. 相似文献
18.
Antonia Candela 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2010,5(3):701-727
This is an ethnographic study of the trajectories and itineraries of undergraduate physics students at a Mexican university.
In this work learning is understood as being able to move oneself and, other things (cultural tools), through the space–time
networks of a discipline (Nespor in Knowledge in motion: space, time and curriculum in undergraduate physics and management.
Routledge Farmer, London, 1994). The potential of this socio-cultural perspective allows an analysis of how students are connected through extended spaces
and times with an international core discipline as well as with cultural features related to local networks of power and construction.
Through an example, I show that, from an actor-network-theory (Latour in Science in action. Harvard University Press, Cambridge,
1987), that in order to understand the complexities of undergraduate physics processes of learning you have to break classroom
walls and take into account students’ movements through complex spatial and temporal traces of the discipline of physics.
Mexican professors do not give classes following one textbook but in a moment-to-moment open dynamism tending to include undergraduate
students as actors in classroom events extending the teaching space–time of the classroom to the disciplinary research work
of physics. I also find that Mexican undergraduate students show initiative and display some autonomy and power in the construction
of their itineraries as they are encouraged to examine a variety of sources including contemporary research articles, unsolved
physics problems, and even to participate in several physicists’ spaces, as for example being speakers at the national congresses
of physics. Their itineraries also open up new spaces of cultural and social practices, creating more extensive networks beyond
those associated with a discipline. Some economic, historical and cultural contextual features of this school of sciences
are analyzed in order to help understanding the particular way students are encouraged to develop their autonomy. 相似文献
19.
William J. Pankratius 《科学教学研究杂志》1990,27(4):315-333
Direct teaching of problem-solving methods to high school physics students met with little success. Expert problem solving depended upon an organized knowledge base. Concept mapping was found to be a key to organizing an effective knowledge base. The investigation of the effect of the degree of concept mapping on achievement was the purpose of this study. Six intact high school physics classes, taught by this investigator, took part in the study. Two classes were control groups and received standard instruction. Four classes received six weeks of concept-mapping instruction prior to the unit under study. Two of these four classes were the low-level treatment group and were required to submit concept maps at the conclusion of the instruction. The other two classes were the high-level treatment group and were required to submit concept maps at the beginning and at the conclusion of the unit under study. One class from each treatment group took a pretest prior to instruction. An analysis of the posttest results revealed no pretest sensitization. A one-way analysis of covariance indicated a significant main effect for the treatment level at the p < 0.05 level. A pair of single-df comparisons of the adjusted treatment means resulted in significant differences (p < 0.05) between the control group and the average of the treatment means as well as between the two experimental groups. It can be concluded that for this sample (upper-middle-class high school physics students) mapping concepts prior to, during, and subsequent to instruction led to greater achievement as measured by posttest scores. 相似文献
20.
Anthony Ali 《科学教学研究杂志》1984,21(1):63-70
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of using laboratory photomicrography as a motivational technique in the teaching-learning processes involved in the study of microbiology in Nigerian secondary schools. This was done by comparing the posttest scores and the questionnaire responses made by three equal groups of randomly sampled and assigned students taught the same microbiology content material by lectures and photomicrography used as an adjunct to the laboratory, lectures, and laboratory activities and lectures alone. Each group was taught by a different microbiology teacher. The results of this study, as shown in Tables I through V permitted the conclusion that students taught microbiology by lectures with photomicrography activities achieved the highest posttest mean score and expressed the opinion that they were highly motivated by this teaching method. Students taught microbiology by lectures with laboratory activities achieved lower mean posttest score and expressed the opinion that they were only fairly motivated by this teaching approach. Students taught microbiology by lectures alone achieved the lowest mean posttest score and expressed the opinion that they were least motivated by this teaching approach. 相似文献