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1.
冯孟 《顺德职业技术学院学报》2013,(2):40-44
"本科插班生"考试虽然为部分高职毕业生进入本科学习提供了有效途径,但也造成职业教育"终结性教育"的形象被强化、高职教育人才培养体系断裂、职教规模隐性萎缩等问题。这些问题反映出职业教育教育政策与学生的升学需求之间、单一的人才培养规格与市场对人才多样化需求之间、学历层次与学位结构之间脱节的深层次矛盾。抓住这些主要矛盾,调整"本科插班生"考试政策、发展高职本科、建立相应的职业教育学位制度,可以有效解决插班生考试的问题,推动职业教育的可持续发展。 相似文献
2.
Marie Stowell Marie Falahee Harvey Woolf 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2016,41(4):515-531
Assessment regulations in higher education, which are important for assuring threshold academic standards, reflect institutional cultures and histories, and are shaped by pragmatic concerns about quality indicators such as retention and progression rates, as well as principles of equity. This paper articulates some of the tensions that confront higher education institutions in the development and revision of regulatory frameworks, and describes a survey of assessment regulations from a sample of UK higher education institutions for the first year of undergraduate study. The survey identifies key variations in regulatory policy and practice that challenge assumptions about comparability of academic standards between higher education institutions. These findings imply that student success and progression may not be a simple reflection of academic attainment, and raise questions about notions of equity. It is intended that this research will contribute to informed discussion in the sector about academic standards and the regulatory frameworks underpinning first-year assessment policy and practice, and thus potentially lead to more transparent and consistent practice. 相似文献
3.
Juan C. Garibay 《Research in higher education》2018,59(3):349-381
Despite the importance of preparing socially responsible graduates in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) to address the current state of poverty and inequality, very few studies in higher education have examined the development of STEM students’ outcomes critical to promoting a more equitable society, typically focusing on the impact of one program or course. To address this gap in the literature, this study used frameworks of undergraduate socialization as well as social justice perspectives in STEM education to examine the undergraduate experiences and institutional contexts that predict STEM bachelor’s degree recipients’ development of two democratic educational outcomes seven years after college entry: social agency and values toward conducting research that will have a meaningful impact on underserved communities. The study utilized multilevel modeling on a national longitudinal sample of 6341 STEM bachelor’s degree recipients across 271 institutions. Longitudinal student data from the 2004 Cooperative Institutional Research Program’s (CIRP) Freshman Survey and 2011 Post-Baccalaureate Survey were merged with institutional data from the Integrated Postsecondary Educational Data System and CIRP Faculty Surveys. Various undergraduate socialization experiences and institutional contexts were found to predict STEM bachelor’s degree recipients’ democratic educational outcomes, including academic majors, participation in student organizations and research, experiences with faculty, and peer and STEM faculty normative contexts. Implications of the findings for research, policy, and practice are discussed. 相似文献
4.
The Influences of Faculty on Undergraduate Student Participation in Research and Creative Activities
Using data collected from surveys of college juniors and seniors and faculty members in related academic departments, this
study examined whether faculty teaching and research orientations, as well as faculty external funding, had any impact on
undergraduate student participation in research and creative activities. The results of the study indicated that faculty research
orientation and external funding were indeed positively related to student participation in research activities. However,
faculty members’ teaching orientation was not significant. Further analyses indicated that faculty teaching and research orientations
had different impacts on a range of research and creative activities by undergraduate students. The findings from this study
provide insight on ways of improving college teaching and learning as well as informing the development of institutional academic
policies related to faculty and undergraduate education.
Shouping Hu is Associate Professor of Higher Education at Florida State University. He received his M.S. degree in Economics and Ph.D.
in Higher Education from Indiana University. His research and scholarship focus on college access and success, student engagement,
and higher education policy.
Kathyrine Scheuch is the Deputy Director of Research and Evaluation in the Division of Community Colleges, Florida Department of Education.
She received her Ed.D. in Higher Education from Florida State University. Her research interests include undergraduate research
activities and minority student issues.
Joy Gaston Gayles is Associate Professor of Higher Education at North Carolina State University. She received her Ph.D. in Higher Education
from Ohio State University. Her research interests include the college student experience and its impact on student development
and learning. 相似文献
5.
倾斜性招生政策是近年来我国面向贫困地区弱势学生实施的重要举措。使用国内某“双一流”大学追踪调查数据,分析国家专项与高校专项两类学生的在学发展情况。研究发现,两类专项学生受惠于倾斜性招生政策得以被录取,尽管高考成绩显著更低,但在各类能力自评得分方面没有劣势。不过,进入大学后,国家专项学生在自我认知方面和高校专项学生在批判性思维发展方面的自评得分均存在显著劣势。此外,高校专项学生入学时的毅力优势也在大三消失。在学业成绩方面,受学业基础较差影响,两类专项学生大一课业成绩显著偏低,且均在人文学科方面表现不佳。国家专项学生所获得的高考降分越多,大一挂科率和挂科数均显著越高,平均成绩显著越低,且在人文学科中尤为明显。研究认为,“双一流”高校在制定和实施国家专项招生政策时,应根据各自往年生源情况科学分配各学科专项招生名额,给予专项生更多的志愿填报指导,尝试放宽专项生转专业限制,并为专项生提供富有针对性的发展支持,在保障弱势学生入学机会的同时,更好地促进其在大学期间的良性发展。 相似文献
6.
7.
The Implementation of Progress Files in Higher Education: Reflection as National Policy 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Progress files, involving personal development planning (PDP), are becoming a feature of many higher education systems internationally.
In the UK they will become mandatory for all undergraduate students from 2005. This presents a major implementation challenge,
because while reflection has been a cornerstone of practice in some areas of higher education for a considerable time, its
generalisation as national policy changes its discursive location. The paper presents findings from a case study of the implementation
of PF in one UK Higher Education Institution (HEI). It reports on how staff in one institution understand PF in the context
of national policy, and on how they interpret the challenges they face in facilitating reflection for all students. The paper
argues that pedagogical innovations take on a different meaning when applied to the system as a whole. 相似文献
8.
美国大学与学院联合会(AAC&U)从2000年开始连续发布了有关美国本科教育改革的政策建议报告和本科教育质量的调查报告。通过对这些报告的梳理可以发现,缺乏对本科生学习目标的关注、过分聚焦狭隘的专业学习、对自由教育的理解过于局限,是AAC&U认为美国本科教育存在的主要缺陷。由此,AAC&U给出了如下改革建议:应设计具有贯通性的本科生学习目标,应给予每个学生充分的学业指导,让学生参与到大问题的学习中去,让学生学会创新和探究的艺术,让学习评价能促进学生的深度发展。本研究对我国高等教育的启示有,应从学习的视角考察本科教育质量问题,构建适切的本科学习目标贯通所有的本科课程,充分重视自由教育的价值与意义,提高教师的教学水平来促进学生的学习。 相似文献
9.
高等教育正面临着"学习危机",大量的教育投入并没有带来相应的教育质量提升,学业指导作为大学教育质量的保证理应受到重视。斯坦福大学作为世界一流大学的典型,在大学生学业指导体系和制度上积累了丰富的经验。对斯坦福大学工程学院的学业指导模式进行研究,发现其学业指导体系立足大学新生,以学生手册为平台,以课程指导为核心,以个性化、多元化为特征,贯穿本科教育。研究斯坦福大学学业指导模式为其本科教育质量提供了有力的保障,可从不同角度为我国高校学业指导的改革与发展提供理念启迪和经验借鉴。 相似文献
10.
This paper reports the results of a two‐year longitudinal study of the relationship between self‐assessed intelligence (SAI) and academic performance (AP) in a sample of 184 British undergraduate students. Results showed significant correlations between SAI (both before and after taking an IQ test) and academic exam marks obtained two years later, even when IQ scores were partialled out. Several continuous assessment indicators (notably attendance, oral expression, and motivation) were also significantly correlated with SAI, even when IQ scores were controlled. A series of hierarchical regressions indicated that although exam grades were best predicted by IQ, SAI showed significant incremental validity in the prediction of AP, accounting for an additional 3% of exam, 9% of continuous assessment, and 2% of essay grades. Results are discussed with regard to current trends to integrate individual differences underlying AP. 相似文献
11.
Carlos M. Rodriguez 《高等教育研究与发展》2009,28(5):523-539
This study provides evidence of the impact of two critical self‐regulation components – academic self‐concept and outcome expectations – on the selection of learning strategies conducive to academic achievement in undergraduate business education. Self‐concept theory is the framework for the analysis of students’ motivations and learning behaviors. Path analysis suggests that high academic self‐concept favors engagement in complex cognitive effort, deep learning strategies and self‐reflection, as well as in the adoption of strategic learning approaches alone. However, the composite effect of deep learning through strategic approaches has the most impact on student’s academic performance. High academic expectations favor students’ selection of deep learning more than strategic approaches. Clearly, the use of surface approaches to learning is not conducive to academic achievement. Overall, these findings suggest that high students’ academic self‐concepts and unambiguous outcome expectations encourage critical thinking and reflective approaches to learning. Implications for the design of educational models and curriculum in business undergraduate education are discussed. 相似文献
12.
The aim of this study was to examine the extent to which broad indicators of performance, such as student satisfaction with program, teaching, student life and experiences after graduation, could be used for program improvement. Information was obtained from graduates of a major research university in Canada who had received an undergraduate professional degree during the period from 1983 to 1992. Perceived quality of teaching was found to contribute significantly to graduates' rating of the overall quality of their academic program. The most frequently mentioned meaningful feature of their undergraduate education for alumni was the development of the ability to think. The results suggest the need for policy changes to improve teaching and the need for greater organizational coherence in post‐secondary institutional evaluations. 相似文献
13.
学术逻辑对高等教育特色化和多样性构成挑战,应用型本科院校在运行中出现了偏离“应用导向”的“学术漂移”现象。依照新制度主义理论,应用型本科院校作为制度化组织,受行政管理导向的强制性同构、英才教育情结的模仿性同构和绩效筛选指标的规范性同构影响。应用型本科院校回归“本位”,应发挥政策牵引优势,构筑院校区隔机制;贴合产业转型需求,加强对外交流合作;完善教师绩效筛选机制,扩大技能型人才规模;形塑崇尚技能观念,参与应用型院校建设。 相似文献
14.
苗素莲 《广东教育学院学报》2007,27(4):34-37
国家政策在一定程度上决定了我国民办高等教育的生存与发展.目前国家政策把民办高校定位于专科层次的高等职业教育.这种不合理的定位限制了民办高等教育的进一步发展.因此要调整民办高等教育的政策定位,允许有条件的民办高校进入本科及研究生教育领域,实现公办高校与民办高校共同发展. 相似文献
15.
《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2013,36(2):193-206
This study examined the influence of academic self‐efficacy and social support on the academic success of Indian‐American and Caucasian‐American undergraduate students. 200 Indian‐American and Caucasian‐American students completed a demographic form and five surveys. The data showed that academic self‐efficacy had a significant effect on college grade point averages (GPA) for Caucasians, but not for Indians. Regarding social support, the quality of mentoring relationships was found to be twice as high for Indians than Caucasians. The total number of mentors, however, was significantly higher for Caucasians. The results of this study support theories that highlight the importance of social support on Indians’ academic success, and of academic self‐efficacy on Caucasians’ academic success. This study also provides support of the existing literature that the construct of self‐efficacy is culturally biased, and questions the utility of self‐efficacy measurements for the Indian ethnicity. 相似文献
16.
Students’ engagement in first‐year university 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper reports on seven calibrated scales of student engagement emerging from a large‐scale study of first year undergraduate students in Australian universities. The analysis presents insights into contemporary undergraduate student engagement, including online, self‐managed, peer and student‐staff engagement. The results point to the imperative for developing a broader understanding of engagement as a process with several dimensions. These must be acknowledged in any measurement and monitoring of this construct in higher education. The paper calls for a more robust theorising of the engagement concept that encompasses both quantitative and qualitative measures. It considers implications for pedagogy and institutional policy in support of enhancing the quality of the student experience. 相似文献
17.
刘太甫 《黄冈职业技术学院学报》2014,(5):32-34
为了提升高职学生综合素质、增强其综合能力,应当发挥自考本科的优势,为高职学生提供更广阔的学习和发展空间,使之成为高素质的复合型人才。自考本科对提升高职学生综合素质的优势主要体现在四个方面：自考本科专业的自主选择,有利于增强学生的自主学习能力;自考本科学习方式的灵活多样,有利于提高学生的学习兴趣;自考本科双学历课程的攻读,有利于造就优秀的职业素质;参加学习自考本科的全过程,有利于培养学生独立学习的能力和毅力。 相似文献
18.
Academic quality,league tables,and public policy: A cross-national analysis of university ranking systems 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
The global expansion of access to higher education has increased demand for information on academic quality and has led to the development of university ranking systems or league tables in many countries of the world. A recent UNESCO/CEPES conference on higher education indicators concluded that cross-national research on these ranking systems could make an important contribution to improving the international market for higher education. The comparison and analysis of national university ranking systems can help address a number of important policy questions. First, is there an emerging international consensus on the measurement of academic quality as reflected in these ranking systems? Second, what impact are the different ranking systems having on university and academic behavior in their respective countries? Finally, are there important public interests that are thus far not reflected in these rankings? If so, is there a needed and appropriate role for public policy in the development and distribution of university ranking systems and what might that role be? This paper explores these questions through a comparative analysis of university rankings in Australia, Canada, the UK, and the US. 相似文献
19.
《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2012,36(9):1163-1180
AbstractStudent difficulties with the transition to writing in higher education are well documented whether from a ‘study skills’, an ‘academic socialisation’ or an ‘academic literacies’ perspective. In order to more closely examine the challenges faced by students from widening participation backgrounds and diverse routes into undergraduate study, this project focuses on first-year undergraduate experiences of developing academic literacies on an Education Studies programme at one university in England. It highlights the impact of different support and guidance within and beyond their degree programme where attempts to embed academic literacy development are part of subject modules. The paper reports the findings generated using a mixed methods interpretive approach. Questionnaires were collected at the beginning (n = 48) and end of the students’ first year (n = 44), and interviews and visual data collection methods (n =19) were used at the mid-point of the academic year. Key findings highlight students’ expectations of achievement on entry to university and the influence of the emotional journey of students as they begin to make progress as academic writers. Identifying, selecting and applying academic reading were an enduring concern whilst some students struggled with the digital literacy implicit in undergraduate work. Importantly, some strategies developed to support student transition to academic writing in higher education may have unintended consequences as they progress through the first year. 相似文献
20.
This study examined the influences of generational status, self‐esteem, academic self‐efficacy, and perceived social support on 367 undergraduate college students' well‐being. Findings showed that 1st‐generation students reported significantly more somatic symptoms and lower levels of academic self‐efficacy than did non‐1st‐generation students. In addition, students' generational status was found to moderate predictive effects of perceived family support on stress. Implications for professional practices, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献