共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 453 毫秒
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牛金榜 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(2):150-151,154
膝关节是人体负重和运动的主要关节,前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤是膝关节最常见运动损伤之一,而健美操运动也是造成膝关节前交叉韧带损伤的项目之一,本文通过运用文献综述的方法,广泛收集有关膝关节ACL损伤的基本理论及防治知识,通过前交叉韧带的生理解剖结构,并结合健美操项目的运动特点来分析造成前交叉韧带一度损伤的原因及根据原因提出预防措施,针对前交叉韧带一度损伤的早、中、晚三期的病理演变特征提出康复方案,对以后前交叉韧带一度损伤保守治疗的快速康复提供理论基础,并对以后健美操训练中前交叉韧带损伤的预防和韧带重建术后康复训练有重要意义。 相似文献
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左自强 《山东体育学院学报》2007,23(5):66-68
女子前交叉韧带损伤发病之高业已引起界内人士的极大关注：从女子前交叉韧带存在的解剖生理弱点出发，对其运动损伤因素进行分析，认为有效的运动防治方法能有效地减少女子运动员前交叉韧带损伤的发生率。 相似文献
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目的：初步探讨青少年急性膝关节创伤性骨髓异常与创伤机制及软组织损伤的关系。方法：回顾性分析69例青少年急性膝关节损伤患者的临床及影像学资料。通过膝关节磁共振成像（MRI）评估创伤性骨髓异常的部位及前交叉韧带、后交叉韧带、内侧副韧带、外侧副韧带及内、外侧支持带等软组织的损伤,根据临床资料汇总创伤机制。结果：69例患者包括19例轴移损伤,17例髌骨外侧脱位,12例过伸伤,11例外翻损伤和10例仪表盘损伤。轴移损伤引起创伤性骨髓异常部位多位于股骨外侧髁后区（94.7%）、股骨外侧髁前区（84.2%）和胫骨外侧平台后区（78.9%）,常伴有前交叉韧带撕裂（94.7%）。髌骨外侧脱位多位于髌骨（100%）、股骨外侧髁后区（100%）和股骨外侧髁前区（94.1%）,常伴有内侧支持带撕裂（88.2%）。过伸伤主要累及胫骨内侧平台前区（83.3%）、胫骨外侧平台前区（75%）和股骨内侧髁前区（66.7%）,常伴有前交叉韧带（91.7%）和后交叉韧带损伤（58.3%）。外翻损伤主要累及股骨,包括股骨外侧髁后区（72.7%）,股骨外侧髁前区（54.5%）和股骨内侧髁前区（45.5%）,常伴有内侧副韧带损伤（90.9%）。仪表盘损伤主要累及胫骨,包括胫骨外侧平台前区（100%）、胫骨内侧平台前区（90%）,常伴有后交叉韧带损伤（70%）。结论：青少年急性膝关节创伤性骨髓异常在MRI上的分布代表了特定的创伤机制的足迹,并能够精准地预测特定的软组织损伤。 相似文献
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前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤对运动员来说是一种常见的运动损伤,常发生于运动中突然变速、转向以及外来暴力等,前交叉韧带损伤对个人的日常生活和运动能力有非常大的影响。目前,前交叉韧带损伤的治疗主要包括保守治疗和手术治疗,保守治疗用于韧带轻微损伤的情况,若前交叉韧带完全或大部分断裂,则首选手术治疗。前交叉韧带重建术作为前交叉韧带断裂治疗的金标准,其术后往往会出现一系列的功能障碍,如疼痛、运动功能障碍、本体感觉功能障碍等。该文通过查阅大量文献,发现康复干预时机十分重要,有效的术前康复干预可以及时避免膝关节功能障碍进一步加重。前交叉韧带重建术后的康复训练方法主要包括被动康复训练和主动康复训练,其中被动康复训练手段包括支具或辅助器具保护、神经肌肉电刺激、推拿手法结合关节松动术、持续性关节被动活动训练,主动康复训练手段包括股四头肌的等长收缩练习、开链运动（OKC）和闭链运动（CKC）、本体感觉训练以及重返运动,在治疗过程中,患者会表现出各种情绪障碍,如焦虑、恐惧、担忧等,但康复是一个循序渐进、日积月累的过程,短时期内很难看到明显的效果。因此,在治疗过程中应贯穿心理康复干预,对患者进行疏导,以缓解或消除患... 相似文献
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目的 探讨体医融合的运动干预对大学生膝关节前交叉韧带损伤的康复效果,为前交叉韧带损伤的康复研究提供理论支撑。方法 苏州市首家体医融合运动康复中心的57例大学生前交叉韧带损伤患者随机分成实验组与对照组进行运动干预性康复训练,12周后,测试并对比两组受试者的关节功能指标。结果 干预后,关节活动度方面,与干预前相比,实验组关节的前伸度降低43.73%、后屈度提升7.19%;内收度降低70.12%、外展度提升14.02%,差异均具有统计学意义(t值分别为-4.39,-6.89,4.01,5.36,P值均<0.01)。关节力量方面,与干预前相比,实验组关节的前伸、屈膝、内收、外展力量分别提高11.74%、16.91%、10.72%、7.03%,差异均具有统计学意义(t值分别为9.22,7.30,3.86,4.16,P值均<0.01)。对照组的关节活动度、力量在干预前后的差异无统计学意义,(P值均>0.05)。结论 体医融合下的运动干预有助于改善大学生前交叉韧带损伤受试者关节的活动度,增加关节力量,对前交叉韧带损伤的康复具有明显促进作用,受试者膝关节功能恢复较好,缩短了治疗时间,... 相似文献
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目的：探究足球运动员侧切动作中下肢运动学特点和生物力学特点,确定前交叉韧带的损伤风险因素及损伤过程。研究方法：对长时间进行足球专业训练的运动员进行实验研究,采集生物力学指标、动力学特征指标,采用数据统计、有限元模型进行数据统计分析。结果与结论：足球运动员在侧切动作中受到地面反作用力和膝关节力矩的影响明显;膝关节松弛、胫骨外旋、膝关节外翻、下肢进行低位摇摆动作、髋关节前屈、膝关节过伸、中心方向和双足承重方向不一致、膝关节屈角较小、腘绳肌与股四头肌肌力比值偏低是前交叉韧带损伤的主要风险因素;股四头肌和腘绳肌具有地面反作用力的缓冲作用,进行肌力针对性训练能够降低前交叉韧带损伤的风险。 相似文献
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《运动与健康科学(英文)》2014,3(4):299-306
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in soccer. Understanding ACL loading mechanisms and risk factors for ACL injury is critical for designing effective prevention programs. The purpose of this review is to summarize the relevant literature on ACL loading mechanisms, ACL injury risk factors, and current ACL injury prevention programs for soccer players. Literature has shown that tibial anterior translation due to shear force at the proximal end of tibia is the primary ACL loading mechanism. No evidence has been found showing that knee valgus moment is the primary ACL loading mechanism. ACL loading mechanisms are largely ignored in previous studies on risk factors for ACL injury. Identified risk factors have little connections to ACL loading mechanisms. The results of studies on ACL injury prevention programs for soccer players are inconsistent. Current ACL injury prevention programs for soccer players are clinically ineffective due to low compliance. Future studies are urgently needed to identify risk factors for ACL injury in soccer that are connected to ACL loading mechanisms and have cause-and-effect relationships with injury rate, and to develop new prevention programs to improve compliance. 相似文献
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The aim was to compare fear of re-injury, patient reported function, static and dynamic tibial translation and muscle strength assessed before and 5 weeks after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction between individuals who sustained a subsequent ACL graft rupture or a contralateral ACL injury within 5 years after the reconstruction, and individuals with no subsequent injury. Nineteen patients were investigated before, and 5 weeks after an ACL reconstruction with a quadruple hamstring tendon graft. At 5 years follow up, 3 patients had sustained an ACL graft rupture and 2 patients had sustained a contralateral ACL rupture. Fear of re-injury, confidence with the knee, patient reported function, activity level, static and dynamic tibial translation and muscle strength were assessed. The re-injured group reported greater fear of re-injury and had greater static tibial translation in both knees before the ACL reconstruction compared to those who did not sustain another ACL injury. There were no other differences between groups. In conclusion, fear of re-injury and static tibial translation before the index ACL reconstruction were greater in patients who later on suffered an ACL graft rupture or a contralateral ACL rupture. These factors may predict a subsequent ACL injury. 相似文献
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Robert Eberle Dieter Heinrich Peter Kaps Michael Oberguggenberger Werner Nachbauer 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(12):1125-1133
A common anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury situation in alpine ski racing is landing back-weighted after a jump. Simulated back-weighted landing situations showed higher ACL-injury risk for increasing ski boot rear stiffness (SBRS) without considering muscles. It is well known that muscle forces affect ACL tensile forces during landing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different SBRS on the maximal ACL tensile forces during injury prone landings considering muscle forces by a two-dimensional musculoskeletal simulation model. Injury prone situations for ACL-injuries were generated by the musculoskeletal simulation model using measured kinematics of a non-injury situation and the method of Monte Carlo simulation. Subsequently, the SBRS was varied for injury prone landings. The maximal ACL tensile forces and contributing factors to the ACL forces were compared for the different SBRS. In the injury prone landings the maximal ACL tensile forces increased with increasing SBRS. It was found that the higher maximal ACL force was caused by higher forces acting on the tibia by the boot and by higher quadriceps muscle forces both due to the higher SBRS. Practical experience suggested that the reduction of SBRS is not accepted by ski racers due to performance reasons. Thus, preventive measures may concentrate on the reduction of the quadriceps muscle force during impact. 相似文献
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Jianhong Wang Huaiyu Wu Fajin Dong Binbin Li Zhanghong Wei Quanzhou Peng 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(4):579-586
To evaluate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACL injury) by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. A literature search was carried out in the Cochrane Library, Embase, Pubmed databases and included studies prior to April 2017. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies evaluating ultrasound to diagnose ACL injury were selected. MRI, arthroscopy and clinical-follow were considered the reference standards. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound was assessed using a combination of sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio (LR), post-test probability, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and by summarizing the area under the receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve. A total of 4 studies involving 246 patients were eventually included in the analysis. In these four studies, the combined sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, post-test probability and DOR were 90.0% (95% CI: 77–96), 97% (95% CI: 90–99), 31.08 (95% CI: 8.75–110.41), 0.11 (95% CI: 0.05–0.24), 89% (3%) and 288.81 (95% CI: 78.51–1062.48), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97–0.99). Our meta-analysis showed that ultrasound can play an important role in the diagnosis of ACL injury. Because of its high sensitivity, high specificity and high diagnostic ability, ultrasound should be a part of the standard diagnostic work-up of an ACL injury. 相似文献
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Christine D. Pollard Marc F. Norcross Sam T. Johnson Amanda E. Stone Eunwook Chang Mark A. Hoffman 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2020,19(2):271-279
AbstractNumerous studies have investigated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk by examining gender differences in knee and hip biomechanics during a side-step cutting manoeuvre since it is known that ACL injury often occurs during such a task. Recent investigations have also examined lower extremity (LE) biomechanics during side-step cutting in individuals following ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Common research practice is to compare knee and hip biomechanics of the dominant limb between groups but this can add considerable complexity for clinicians and researchers. At this time, it is not known if there is a difference in LE biomechanics between the dominant and non-dominant limb during side-step cutting. Three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were collected while 31 healthy participants performed five, side-step cutting manoeuvres with the dominant and non-dominant limbs. Knee and hip variables examined are those commonly investigated in ACL injury literature. There were no differences between limbs in all but one variable (knee internal rotation). These results demonstrate that healthy individuals exhibit little side-to-side differences in certain LE biomechanics when performing a side-step cutting manoeuvre. These findings can be utilised by clinicians when conducting dynamic evaluations of their ACLR patients and when developing injury prevention and rehabilitation programmes. 相似文献
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《运动与健康科学(英文)》2023,12(3):343-358
BackgroundFor the past 30 years, the hamstring (H)-to-quadriceps (Q) (H:Q) torque ratio has been considered an important index of muscle strength imbalance around the knee joint. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the value of H:Q torque ratio as an independent risk factor for hamstring and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries.MethodsDatabase searches were performed to identify all relevant articles in PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. Prospective studies evaluating the conventional (concentric H:Q), functional (eccentric H: concentric Q), and mixed (eccentric H at 30°/s: concentric Q at 240°/s) H:Q ratios as risk factors for occurrence of hamstring muscle strain or ACL injury were considered. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality In Prognosis Studies tool.ResultsEighteen included studies reported 585 hamstrings injuries in 2945 participants, and 5 studies documented 128 ACL injuries in 2772 participants. Best evidence synthesis analysis indicated that there is very limited evidence that H:Q strength ratio is an independent risk factor for hamstring and ACL injury, and this was not different between various ratio types. Methodological limitations and limited evidence for ACL injuries and some ratio types might have influenced these results.ConclusionThe H:Q ratio has limited value for the prediction of ACL and hamstring injuries. Monitoring strength imbalances along with other modifiable factors during the entire competitive season may provide a better understanding of the association between H:Q ratio and injury. 相似文献
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通过步态分析、等速力量、功能性动作（FMS）和十字韧带功能测试等综合手段,对运动员进行前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤后的评估,根据得到的结果分析并对进行相应的康复体能训练（包括本体感觉训练、柔韧性训练、平衡训练、核心力量训练和下肢离心力量训练和plyometric爆发力训练）。发现通过针对性的功能性训练,可有效降低运动员ACL损伤的再发生、缩短损伤后竞技能力与运动表现恢复周期,体现了其在康复体能训练方面的价值。 相似文献