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1.
研究目的：探讨动力性与静力性肌肉收缩时EMG各参数的变化特征及疲劳时各指标的差异，比较不同项目运动员肌肉收缩特征对EMG参数的影响及与该项目的关系。研究方法：27名受试者分为两组，第一组为赛艇运动员（组一），第二组为田径爆发性力量项目（跳跃、短跑）专选运动员（组二）。受试者以2／3Mvc做静力性持续等长收缩，动力性持续肌肉收缩则采用本人的MVC，同时记录EMG信号，分析IEMG、E／T值和MF。研究结果：持续静力性肌肉收缩时，随疲劳的发展赛艇运动员与田径运动员IEMG、E／T值均显著升高。但赛艇运动员从运动开始至80％时段一直保持平稳，此后迅速上升。静力性收缩时两组运动员随疲劳发展MF从高频向低频转移，但田径运动员频率下降速率要快于赛艇运动员。结论：赛艇运动训练促使大脑皮层动员运动单位工作更具有时间耐久性。快速、爆发式运动使疲劳时大脑皮层兴奋性下降更快，肌肉更易于疲劳。 相似文献
2.
为测定并分析不同运动能力受试者在动力和静力性运动时肌肉运动疲劳过程中肌电和脑电信号变化特征,将20名受试者分为两组,经常运动组(A组)10名,运动不足组 10名(B组).受试者进行动力性MVC持续肌肉收缩和1/3MVC静力性持续收缩两种运动,同步记录EMG和EEG信号.结果显示,MVC动力性运动时A组受试者平均MVC、RMS、IEMG显著性大于B组,MF则呈下降.随肌肉收缩持续IEMG变化形成一明显的转折点,但1/3MVC静力性运动时肌肉持续收缩时间短于MVC运动时间.不管是动力还是静力运动IEMG拐点与脑电α指数拐点发生在时间上一致.结论:IEMG形成的拐点可能成为肌肉疲劳的参照点.EEG所反映的中枢疲劳与EMG所反映的外周疲劳在生物电学变化上具有共性特征. 相似文献
3.
应用近红外光谱技术(NIRS)测定肌肉递增强度工作时肌氧含量变化与最大摄氧量和无氧阈指标之间的关系;分析肌氧拐点与无氧阈拐点产生的机制及在测定最大有氧能力中的作用。方法:受试者17名按运动水平分为A、B两组在功率自行车上以逐级递增负荷蹬车,测定右股外侧肌肌氧含量并同步测量VE、VCO2、VO2、HR,并在每级负荷末测定血乳酸。结果:研究发现递增负荷运动时肌氧含量呈台阶状下降,负荷较低时,肌氧在负荷开始阶段迅速下降之后保持平衡或升高,负荷较高时肌氧持续下降,肌氧的变化与血容量相吻合。肌氧含量与摄氧量、心率及血乳酸等值高度相关(P<0.01)。肌氧下降时出现拐点与乳酸阈、通气阈拐点基本一致。结论:研究表明NIRS测定动态肌肉收缩时肌氧含量变化对运动强度具有较高敏感性;肌氧拐点与通气无氧阈、心率无氧阈、乳酸阈在时间和强度上相一致,表明肌氧含量的测定可以用于人体最大有氧能力的评定。 相似文献
4.
利用三波长近红外肌氧无损监测系统，对赛艇运动员在赛艇测功仪上做不同负荷运动时肌氧的变化进行了无损、连续、实时监测，并将受试者测量结果与在运动中血乳酸和心率等参数的变化进行了对比研究。结果表明：随着负荷的改变，肌氧含量的变化较为明显；肌氧的相对变化与运动负荷之间至现规律性的变化；肌氧浓度与血乳酸浓度具有高度的相关性。 相似文献
5.
振动与非振动力量练习时肌电图变化的比较研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
采用芬兰的MuscleTesterME3000P8肌电图仪和MegaWin软件系统,让受试者在振动和非振动条件下,分别以动力性和静力性两种不同方式的进行屈肘练习,练习时施加不同的负荷,通过对受试者的肱二头肌、屈腕肌和对抗肌肱三头肌、伸腕肌的肌电图测试。结果表明,当负荷与肌肉收缩的方式相同时,振动条件下主动肌的肌电IEMG/s值都比非振动时大,而动力性收缩时,振动轻负荷与非振动重负荷时IEMG/s值相差不大。这说明,在振动条件下进行力量训练,能够募集更多的运动单位参与收缩,提高肌肉的兴奋水平。 相似文献
6.
本文对37名受试者渐增负荷运动中股直肌个股外侧肌积分肌电图（IEMG）的变化及其与血乳酸、气体代谢AT之间的关系进行了探讨，其结果显示：由IEMG非线性增加确定的AT与血乳酸AT及气体代谢AT之间的关系十分密切。因此，利用渐增负荷重股直肌和股外侧肌IEMG的非线性增加，作为无损伤测定AT的方法是可靠与可行的。同时，本文对用4mM/L固定血乳酸值确定AT的论点提出了异议，认为“个体无氧阈”才是反映每个机体运动中供能从有氧代谢为主向无氧代谢为主过渡的重要标志。 相似文献
7.
女子中长跑运动员肌氧含量与个体乳酸阈关系的探讨 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
为解决运动训练中生物医学参数的在体、无损、实时监测，利用基于光漫射理论的三波长近红外肌氧监测系统，对受试在功率自行车上做等级性递增负荷运动时局部骨骼肌组织中的肌氧含量的相对变化进行了在体、连续、实时监测与分析，并与血乳酸浓度、运动强度和“个体乳酸阈”等进行对比研究。结果表明：肌氧含量的相对变化与血乳酸浓度、“个体乳酸阈”和运动强度具有密切的关系。为用无损监测肌氧含量的相对变化取代有损监测血乳酸提供了实践依据，为运动员的生理机能评定和运动训练效果的生理学评价引入新的生物学测试技术和方法。 相似文献
8.
肌氧含量的近红外无损监测及其在赛艇训练中的应用 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用三波长近红外肌氧无损监测系统,对赛艇运动员在赛艇测功仪上做不同负荷运动时肌氧的变化进行了无损、连续、实时监测,并将受试者测量结果与在运动中血乳酸和心率等参数的变化进行了对比研究。结果表明:随着负荷的改变,肌氧含量的变化较为明显;肌氧的相对变化与运动负荷之间呈现规律性的变化;肌氧浓度与血乳酸浓度具有高度的相关性。 相似文献
9.
目的:研究递增负荷运动后肌氧和血乳酸的恢复特点及特征性指标的关联性,探索恢复评价的有效指标与科学化手段.方法:14名赛艇轻量级运动员进行递增负荷运动试验,采用静止休息的方式恢复至安静状态.用近红外光谱术(NIRS)监测运动时及恢复期主动肌氧含量的变化,提取肌氧恢复幅度(H)、半恢复时(TR),计算肌氧半恢复速率(RHbO2).在运动停止后即刻及恢复期测定血乳酸,找出峰值(Blamax)及峰值出现的时间(t)、恢复至30min时的血乳酸浓度(Bla30),计算乳酸清除速率(RBla).结果:肌氧含量与血乳酸的变化与氧化代谢水平和恢复程度相适应.肌氧半恢复速率RHbO2和血乳酸清除速率RBla存在显著的正相关(r=0.791,P＜0.01),回归方程存在显著意义.结论:肌氧和血乳酸的变化在内在机制上存在必然的联系,可以反映机体的恢复水平和氧化代谢能力.将RHbO2取代传统指标RBla应用于代谢能力和恢复评价具有可行性;NIRS为训练监控的科学化发展提供了有效的检测手段. 相似文献
10.
目的:研究递增静力性收缩中,反映局部肌肉氧供平衡被打破的肌氧拐点(阈)的存在性及肌氧变化与肌电活动变化、心率变化之间的联系.方法:对递增等长伸膝运动中股外侧肌处近红外肌氧、表面肌电变化及心率变化过程进行监测和分析.结果:递增等长伸膝运动中肌氧氧指标(OI)变化过程存在拐点现象,并且OI肌电均方根值(sEMGrms)、心率(HR)3种生理参数之间呈现显著相关性(r2＞0.951,P＜0.001).另外,sEMGrms及HR的上升变化过程也存在拐点现象,而且肌氧拐点(OIBp,46.4±2.1 (SE) ％MVC)、肌电拐点(EMGBp,50.8±1.9 ％MVC)和心率拐点(HRBp)三者之间没有显著差别(P＞0.05).结论:递增静力性收缩运动中也存在肌氧拐点现象,而且肌氧拐点的出现与肌电幅值及心率的急剧增加密切相关. 相似文献
11.
运动性疲劳的肌电图特征 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
采用文献资料分析法,简述了不同运动、不同受试者和在低氧环境等条件下运动性疲劳肌电图的特征,讨论了疲劳肌电图改变与肌肉代谢的关系及肌电信号改变的机理。 相似文献
12.
Surface electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded from the hamstring muscles during six sets of submaximal isokinetic (2.6 rad x s(-1)) eccentric (11 men, 9 women) or concentric (6 men, 4 women) contractions. The EMG per unit torque increased during eccentric (P < 0.01) but not during concentric exercise. Similarly, the median frequency increased during eccentric (P < 0.01) but not during concentric exercise. The EMG per unit torque was lower for submaximal eccentric than maximum isometric contractions (P < 0.001), and lower for submaximal concentric than maximum isometric contractions (P < 0.01). The EMG per unit torque was lower for eccentric than concentric contractions (P < 0.05). The median frequency was higher for submaximal eccentric than maximum isometric contractions (P < 0.001); it was similar, however, between submaximal concentric and maximum isometric contractions (P = 0.07). Eccentric exercise resulted in significant isometric strength loss (P < 0.01), pain (P < 0.01) and muscle tenderness (P < 0.05). The greatest strength loss was seen 1 day after eccentric exercise, while the most severe pain and muscle tenderness occurred 2 days after eccentric exercise. A lower EMG per unit torque is consistent with the selective recruitment of a small number of motor units during eccentric exercise. A higher median frequency during eccentric contractions may be explained by selective recruitment of fast-twitch motor units. The present results are consistent with the theory that muscle damage results from excessive stress on a small number of active fibres during eccentric contractions. 相似文献
13.
Twelve endurance athletes and six power athletes performed fatiguing isokinetic knee flexions/extensions. Isokinetic torque was recorded during the exercise. Isometric torque, cortisol and lactate responses, electromyographic (EMG) mean power frequency, average rectified value, and conduction velocity were analysed before and after the isokinetic exercise to determine correlations between electrophysiological variables and mechanical performances and/or blood concentrations of biomarkers in the two groups of athletes. The EMG variables were estimated from signals recorded from the vastus lateralis in both voluntary and electrically elicited isometric contractions. Power athletes recorded higher values than endurance athletes for the following variables: pre-exercise isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), isokinetic MVC, rate of mechanical fatigue during isokinetic contractions, pre - post exercise variations and recovery times of conduction velocity and mean power frequency, and lactate concentrations. Moreover, conduction velocity overshooting was observed in endurance athletes during the recovery phase after exercise. The correlation analyses showed that the higher the rate of mechanical fatigue, the higher the lactate production and the reduction in conduction velocity due to the exercise. 相似文献
14.
Malachy P. McHugh Declan A. J. Connolly Roger G. Eston Gilbert W. Gleim 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(3):163-172
Surface electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded from the hamstring muscles during six sets of submaximal isokinetic (2.6 rad s -1 ) eccentric (11 men, 9 women) or concentric (6 men, 4 women) contractions. The EMG per unit torque increased during eccentric (P < 0.01) but not during concentric exercise. Similarly, the median frequency increased during eccentric (P < 0.01) but not during concentric exercise. The EMG per unit torque was lower for submaximal eccentric than maximum isometric contractions (P < 0.001), and lower for submaximal concentric than maximum isometric contractions (P < 0.01). The EMG per unit torque was lower for eccentric than concentric contractions (P < 0.05). The median frequency was higher for submaximal eccentric than maximum isometric contractions (P < 0.001); it was similar, however, between submaximal concentric and maximum isometric contractions (P = 0.07). Eccentric exercise resulted in significant isometric strength loss (P < 0.01), pain (P < 0.01) and muscle tenderness (P < 0.05). The greatest strength loss was seen 1 day after eccentric exercise, while the most severe pain and muscle tenderness occurred 2 days after eccentric exercise. A lower EMG per unit torque is consistent with the selective recruitment of a small number of motor units during eccentric exercise. A higher median frequency during eccentric contractions may be explained by selective recruitment of fast-twitch motor units. The present results are consistent with the theory that muscle damage results from excessive stress on a small number of active fibres during eccentric contractions. 相似文献
15.
The aim of this study was to examine the time-course of and the relationships between muscle oxygenation, blood volume and myoelectrical manifestations during isometric exercise in children. Twelve healthy children aged 12.5 +/- 1.2 years (mean +/- s) performed an isometric knee extension at 50% of their maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until exhaustion to assess endurance time (limit time, T(lim)). Changes in muscle oxygenation and blood volume were assessed by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The root mean square (RMS) amplitude and the mean power frequency (MPF) from electromyogram (EMG) signals were obtained, as NIRS parameters, from the vastus lateralis. Mean T(lim) was 117 +/- 34 s. The muscle oxygenation and blood volume curves decreased immediately at the beginning of exercise. Maximal deoxygenation occurred at 50% T(lim), and fell by 76.9% from the resting value. Similarly, minimal blood volume was observed at 50% T(lim); it reached a plateau that lasted until the end of exercise. The kinetics of the MPF and RMS curves were inversely related to time. At the last set of exercises (after 75% T(lim)), a steeper RMS curve and an abrupt decrease in the MPF curve were observed. Significant correlations (r) between muscle oxygenation, blood volume, root mean square amplitude and mean power frequency were observed, which ranged from 0.72 to 0.99. These findings suggest that the fatigue resulting from sustained isometric exercise is related to a decrease in oxygenation and blood volume. 相似文献
16.
表面肌电信号分析评价肌肉疲劳的有效性和敏感性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:测定和分析应用表面肌电信号分析指标评价肌肉疲劳的有效性和敏感性,方法:选取健康无专业运动男、女大学生各10名,进行3个膝关节角度(90°、60°和30°)×3个运动负荷(40％MVC、60％MVC和80％ MVC)共9次静力性等长疲劳实验,同步记录sEMG信号并进行线性和非线性信号处理.结果:sEMG信号分析指标表现出单调性变化,且采样序列线性拟合具有显著性.膝关节角度、运动负荷和性别对各指标的变化率有显著影响.结论:应用非线性分析指标评价肌肉疲劳具有很好的敏感性. 相似文献
17.
Jan G. Bourgois Jasmien Dumortier Margot Callewaert Bert Celie Carlo Capelli Gisela Sjøgaard 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(5):611-620
‘A tribute to Dr J. Rogge’ aims to systematically review muscle activity and muscle fatigue during sustained submaximal quasi-isometric knee extension exercise (hiking) related to Olympic dinghy sailing as a tribute to Dr Rogge’s merits in the world of sports. Dr Jacques Rogge is not only the former President of the International Olympic Committee, he was also an orthopaedic surgeon and a keen sailor, competing at three Olympic Games. In 1972, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Sports Medicine, he was the first who studied a sailors’ muscle activity by means of invasive needle electromyography (EMG) during a specific sailing technique (hiking) on a self-constructed sailing ergometer. Hiking is a bilateral and multi-joint submaximal quasi-isometric movement which dinghy sailors use to optimize boat speed and to prevent the boat from capsizing. Large stresses are generated in the anterior muscles that cross the knee and hip joint, mainly employing the quadriceps at an intensity of 30–40% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), sometimes exceeding 100% MVC. Better sailing level is partially determined by a lower rate of neuromuscular fatigue during hiking and for ≈60% predicted by a higher maximal isometric quadriceps strength. Although useful in exercise testing, prediction of hiking endurance capacity based on the changes in surface EMG in thigh and trunk muscles during a hiking maintenance task is not reliable. This could probably be explained by the varying exercise intensity and joint angles, and the great number of muscles and joints involved in hiking.Highlights
Dr Jacques Rogge, former president of the International Olympic Committee and Olympic Finn sailor, was the first to study muscle activity during sailing using invasive needle EMG to obtain his Master degree in Sports Medicine at the Ghent University.
Hiking is a critical bilateral and multi-joint movement during dinghy racing, accounting for >60% of the total upwind leg time. Hiking generates large stresses in the anterior muscles that cross the knee and hip joint.
Hiking is considered as a quasi-isometric bilateral knee extension exercise. Muscle activity measurements during sailing, recorded by means of EMG, show a mean contraction intensity of 30-40% maximal voluntary contraction with peaks exceeding 100%.
Hiking performance is strongly related to the development of neuromuscular fatigue in the quadriceps muscle. Since maximal strength is an important determinant of neuromuscular fatigue during hiking, combined strength and endurance training should be incorporated in the training program of dinghy sailors.
18.
James H. Cauraugh 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):121-122
Abstract Twelve subjects were used to determine the effect of isotonic and isometric exercises on heart rate using a military press in a sitting position. The isotonic exercise was performed for 45 sec. with one half of maximum resistance, and the isometric exercises were performed for 45 sec, with one half, two thirds, and maximum resistance. The results indicated that isometric exercise performed for 45 sec. with one half of maximum resistance could stimulate heart rate to the same extent that isotonic exercise could, using the same intensity and duration. The results also showed that increasing the load in isometric contraction resulted in a proportional increase in heart rate and that increasing the load to maximum isometric contraction resulted in a near twofold increase in heart rate. 相似文献