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1.
This article examines the legacy of segregation and desegregation in the town of Parsons, Kansas. We argue that school desegregation,
the goal of which was to increase access and equalize educational opportunities for African Americans, did not have that desired
affect. Fifty years after the closing of the all-Black Douglass School, Parsons’ citizens had not openly acknowledged the
effects this event had on the African American community. Three generations later, African American student achievement still
lags behind that of White students. These unresolved issues have contributed to a number of losses in the Black community,
including loss of Black teachers and loss of talented Black young people. We use theories of social capital and cultural capital
as a framework to illustrate how White, middle class students had greater access to school resources, and to identify the
social and cultural resources within the Black community that the school district could build upon, such as strong leadership
and a sense of resolve and resiliency.
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Jean A. PattersonEmail: |
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3.
Legacies, or students with a family member who graduated from the same college or university, have been the source of much
debate. We add to the existing literature by providing a detailed empirical portrait of legacies at a private, selective university
across the college years. We examine how legacies are distinctive in their admissions profiles, within-college achievement
and post-graduation plans, using data from a panel study of students attending Duke University. We find that legacies enter
college with an abundance of economic, cultural and social capital, but also have lower levels of human capital compared to
other students with college graduate parents. Due to this human capital deficit, legacies have lower grades in the first college
year, but show little academic underperformance in subsequent semesters. Additionally, legacies are less likely to plan to
be a medical doctor or engineer and have somewhat lower degree aspirations than other students.
相似文献
Nathan D. MartinEmail: |
4.
Science educators have yet to identify ways to enable inner city African American high school students to experience success
in science. In this paper, we argue that understanding the ways in which cultural practices from fields outside of school
mediate what happens inside classrooms and contribute to the learning of students is crucial to addressing current disparities
in science performance. Specifically, we explore the significance of movement expressiveness dispositions to the lives and
the learning of economically disadvantaged African American youth. These particular dispositions have been repeatedly observed
in our research, and they can be important resources for the creation of individual emotional energy, collective solidarity,
and heightened engagement in learning activities since they provide resources for the (re)shaping of identity. Thus movement
expressiveness dispositions hold potential for transforming the teaching and learning of these students.
相似文献
Gale SeilerEmail: |
5.
William Medina-Jerez 《Research in Science Education》2008,38(2):189-212
A lack of congruency between the teaching and learning of science and the student’s personal worlds has long been recognised
by the international science education community as an issue deserving space in the research agenda. The purpose of this study
was to explore the diversity of student reactions when subcultures such as family, community peers, and personal worldviews
are considered along side the subculture of school science. Two-hundred and fifty students from urban and provincial schools
in the northeastern region of Colombia (South America) participated. From this group, 18 students were interviewed. It was
observed that students adopt a compartmentalisation of knowledge that is evident as both an avoiding strategy in the classroom
and as a mechanism to differentiate between the natural world of their everyday situations and the one portrayed by a Westernised
science instruction in the classroom. The findings reflect how multiple worldviews correlate with student frameworks as implanted
by school science.
相似文献
William Medina-JerezEmail: |
6.
Quality Matters: Assessing the Impact of Attending More Selective Institutions on College Completion Rates of Minorities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tatiana Melguizo 《Research in higher education》2008,49(3):214-236
This paper examines the impact of attending different categories of selective institutions on students’ college completion.
Specifically, it explores differences in the impact that selectivity of an institution has by race and ethnicity. The analysis
accounts for the impact of individual and institutional characteristics and corrects for omitted variables with proxies for
student motivation. The results suggest that students who attend the most selective institutions and highly selective institutions,
as opposed to non-selective ones, are more likely to complete a bachelor’s degree. This result holds for African American
and Hispanic students. After correcting for the problem of sorting of students into specific types of institutions, the results
of the models suggest that the coefficient of selective institutions might have a small upward bias. The positive effect of
selective institutions on attainment suggests that they have the potential to increase the graduation rates of minorities
while narrowing the persistent college completion gap.
相似文献
Tatiana MelguizoEmail: |
7.
As state-level merit-based financial aid programs proliferate, analysts both find that these programs have a disproportionate
effect on students traditionally under-represented in postsecondary education and question the use of limited public resources
in an inefficient and inequitable manner. This study, using survey data regarding the perceptions of all potentially eligible
scholarship recipients, explores the impact the Tennessee Education Lottery Scholarship on college access for minority and
low-income students. The empirical results indicate that African American and low-income students are more likely to perceive
their eligibility for merit-based scholarships as having an impact on their decision on whether or not to attend college.
A consequential policy implication is that a liberally awarded merit-based scholarship program, while inefficient, may provide
sustainable access for those students in greatest need of financial aid.
相似文献
Erik C. NessEmail: |
8.
Twenty-two faculty and graduate students were interviewed in one college of education in order to understand what the college
and its constituents view as the skills, habits of mind, and dispositions needed to obtain a Ph.D. in Education. Analysis
of the data was conducted using professional socialization as a theoretical framework, allowing for an understanding of the
different perspectives of this topic as viewed through a developmental lens. Implications for theory and practice are included.
相似文献
Xyanthe N. NeiderEmail: |
9.
Believing that accountability could be a vehicle for change, the California Department of Education (CDE) requires all high
school students to pass the Calfornia High School Exit Exam (CAHSEE) in order to graduate. In doing so, California joins many
others states in mandating a high school exit exam as a current or future requirement for graduation. In this essay, the authors
will argue that this testing approach to school change is based on myths about the role of assessment, the information testing
can provide and the impact high stakes testing has on urban schools. Although California is the focus of this analysis, these
issues are salient across the county. Testing as a solution to poor student achievement is based on faulty assumptions. It
is these assumptions this piece seeks to address.
相似文献
Joi SpencerEmail: |
10.
This study explores how graduate students enrolled in M.A./M.S. and Ph.D. geography programs perceive the social and academic
climate of their departments. A second objective is to understand how these students self-assess their own professional abilities,
values, and goals, and whether these self-assessments differ across demographic and institutional contexts. The survey instrument
for this research is based on data collected from graduate student focus groups and on validated constructs of academic culture
and climate from previous research. T-tests, ANOVA, and regression analyses identified significant differences among graduate students and their perceptions of
departmental climate when compared on the basis of gender, citizenship, race/ethnicity, disciplinary subfield, and institutional
type. Interview data provide additional context for analysis of the survey data. The primary areas in which we detected differences
in graduate students’ experiences were 1) diversity issues, 2) disciplinary and institutional cultures, 3) career planning
and development, 4) financial matters, and 5) quality of the learning environment. These differences result from the varying
social and academic dynamics of graduate programs, illustrating the importance of the local environment in shaping student
experiences.
相似文献
Beth SchlemperEmail: |
11.
An international comparison using a diagnostic testing model: Turkish students’ profile of mathematical skills on TIMSS-R 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This study illustrates how a diagnostic testing model can be used to make detailed comparisons between student populations
participating in international assessments. The performance of Turkish students on the TIMSS-R mathematics test was reanalyzed
with a diagnostic testing model called the Rule Space Model. First, mathematical and cognitive skills (‘attributes’) measured
by the test were determined. One hundred sixty-two items were coded in terms of their attribute involvement, creating an incidence
matrix—the Q-matrix. Using the Q-matrix and the student response data, each student’s attribute mastery profile was determined.
Mean attribute mastery levels of Turkish students were computed and compared to those of their American peers. It was shown
that Turkish students were weak in algebra and probability/statistics. They also demonstrated poor profiles in skills such
as applying rules in algebra, approximation/estimation, solving open-ended problems, recognizing patterns and relationships,
and quantitative reading.
相似文献
Enis DoganEmail: |
12.
Heng-Yu Ku Maria K. E. Lahman Hsin-Te Yeh Yi-Chia Cheng 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2008,56(3):365-377
This qualitative case study was an examination of a team-based faculty/mentor-led International Doctoral Student Support Group
(IDSSG) designed specifically around issues in preparing and mentoring international doctoral students for careers in academia.
Twelve participants were selected to participate in a support/focus group that met twice a month for an academic year to attend
workshops and discuss their lives as doctoral students. The data set was comprised of two pre- and post-surveys and two in-depth
pre- and post-interviews. Findings in the themes of international doctoral students’ graduate school experiences and the impact
of the faculty-led support group are presented and discussed.
相似文献
Yi-Chia ChengEmail: |
13.
Iryna Johnson 《Research in higher education》2008,49(8):776-793
Educational research has shown that individual-level background characteristics, such as parental socio-economic status and
academic ability, influence college going behavior. This study tests for the existence of aggregate-level high school effects
on college enrollment, persistence and degree attainment. It links institutional data on students enrolling within a year
after graduation from in-state high schools with state data on high schools’ performance and populations. Three high school
aggregate-level factors were found to affect enrollment and persistence. Specifically, the high schools’ percent of SAT takers
has a concave-shape effect on enrollment, retention and graduation. Additionally, students coming from schools with a higher
percent of those receiving free lunch are less likely to persist, and students coming from schools located within a 60 mile
radius are more likely to matriculate and to persist to the second year. These results suggest that aggregate-level high school
characteristics should be accounted for in enrollment management.
相似文献
Iryna JohnsonEmail: |
14.
Exploring the Effects of Financial Aid on the Gap in Student Dropout Risks by Income Level 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using national survey data and discrete-time logit modeling, this research seeks to understand whether student aid mediates
the relationship between parental income and student dropout behavior. Our analysis confirms that there is a gap in dropout
rates for low-income students compared with their upper income peers, and suggests that some types of aid are associated with
lower risks of dropout. Thus, we examine the interaction between financial aid type and parental income to explore whether,
and if so how, different types of aid may reduce the dropout gap by income level group. We find that the receipt of a Pell
grant is related to narrowing the dropout gap between students from low- and middle-income groups, although overall the interaction
between Pell grant and income is not significant. Loans and work-study aid both have similar effects on student dropout across
all income groups. Methodologically, our results demonstrate the need to model dropout behavior temporally and to avoid main-effect
bias by incorporating interaction effects.
相似文献
Stephen L. DesJardinsEmail: |
15.
Ethan Campbell 《Academic Questions》2007,20(4):307-310
Ideological differences in a writing class evoke the passion of political sensitivities. A graduate student tells of “coming
out” as a pro-life advocate in an essay before his feminist classmates and professor. The exchange created instant and irreconcilable
enemies, but he also found some unexpected support from a hesitant voice within that classroom.
相似文献
Ethan CampbellEmail: |
16.
The Way to Wealth and the Way to Leisure: The Impact of College Education on Graduates’ Earnings and Hours of Work 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Liang Zhang 《Research in higher education》2008,49(3):199-213
This study extends the analysis of the economic return of college education up to 10 years after college education and further
examines the impact of college education on graduates’ hours of work. The results suggest that variation in hours of work
explains a portion of earnings differentials among college graduates. Graduates from high-quality private institutions tend
to work longer hours than their peers from other types of institutions. Female graduates spend fewer hours working than their
male counterparts. As far as family background is concerned, graduates from high-income families tend to work longer hours
and first-generation college graduates tend to work fewer hours. Finally, business majors seem to work longer hours while
health and public affair majors less hours.
相似文献
Liang ZhangEmail: |
17.
Exploring the contexts of urban science classrooms. Part 1: Investigating corporate and communal practices 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Christopher Emdin 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2007,2(2):319-350
In this paper, I discuss the existence of varying ideologies and perspectives within urban science classrooms and uncover
the importance of focusing on student and teacher practices as a means to bridge these disconnections. Specifically, I describe
the existence of corporate and communal ideologies and the dynamics that create the misalignment between groups that hold
allegiances to these varying belief systems. Utilizing three allied theoretical frames, this paper provides a multi layered
and timely analysis of the teaching of science in an urban high school in New York City. I conjoin Bourdieu’s sociocultural
theory, an analysis of social life through the use of the structure|agency dialectic, and a theorizing of corporate and communal
practice to embark on a journey into how African American and Latino/a students’ ways of knowing and being can be utilized
to meet the goal of improving their success in science.
相似文献
Christopher EmdinEmail: |
18.
This exploratory study examines the learning beliefs of high and low achieving, low-income Mexican-American students. Semi-structured
interviews were conducted with 11 ninth grade students. The qualitative analysis shows that students’ perceptions of their
teachers’ expectations of a “good” student or a “not so good” student did not differ along achievement lines. However, the
students’ perceptions about what it means to be a good student differentiated the low-achievers from the high-achievers. This
study’s findings may be used to inform educators about Mexican-American students’ orientation towards school and learning,
in hopes for creating more equitable educational settings where all students achieve to their fullest potential.
相似文献
Soung BaeEmail: |
19.
Eileen Carlton Parsons Stephanie Foster Crystall Travis Gomillion Jamila Smith Simpson 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2008,19(1):69-83
Science education reforms promote access to quality science education for all students. Outcome disparities in various measures
indicate that such access remains elusive for African Americans. Cultural incongruence is one among many explanations for
this previously described inaccessibility. The intent of this article is not to report additional research findings, but to
translate the information provided in the literature into an instructional form that science teacher educators can employ
in the preparation of prospective science teachers or the further development of practicing ones. Pivoting around a role play,
the authors discuss communication within African American communities, its incongruence with the discourse patterns typically
valued and reinforced in school science, and the importance of such knowledge for science teacher educators.
Lieutenant Colonel Stephanie Foster is now product manager in the U.S. Army Research Development and Engineering Command.
相似文献
Eileen Carlton ParsonsEmail: |
20.
Sumi Hagiwara Angela Calabrese Barton Isobel Contento 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2007,2(2):475-515
The article explores the role of immigrant parents in middle school science as both teachers and learners as part of an urban
middle school curriculum, the Linking in Food and the Environment (LiFE) program. The curriculum engaged parents as partners
with science teachers to teach science through food. Over a 2-year period, parents attended a series of bilingual workshops,
collaborated with classroom teachers, managed activities, guided student inquiry, and assisted in classroom management. The
following study analyzes the role of culture, language, and identity as four mothers navigated their position as ‘insiders’
in a science classroom.
相似文献
Sumi HagiwaraEmail: |