共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Qiuxu Wei Wenliang Yao Le Gu Bolin Fan Yongjia Gao Li Yang Yingying Zhao Chuncheng Che 《Biomicrofluidics》2021,15(1)
With widespread research studies on electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) for droplet manipulation in the field of lab-on-a-chip, how to improve the driving capability of droplets has increasingly attracted enormous interest. Aiming to decrease driving voltages and improve driving effectiveness, this paper studies the modeling, simulation, and optimization of EWOD devices. The theoretical model is refined mainly in consideration of the saturation effect of the contact angle and then verified by both simulation and experiments. As a design guide to decrease the driving voltage, a theoretical criterion of droplet splitting, the most difficult one among four basic droplet manipulations, is developed and then verified by experimental results. Moreover, a novel sigmoid electrode shape is found by the optimization method based on finite element analysis and achieves better driving effectiveness and consistent bidirectional driving capability, compared with the existing electrode shapes. Taken together, this paper provides an EWOD analysis and optimization method featuring a lower voltage and a better effectiveness and opens up opportunities for optimization designs in various EWOD-based applications. 相似文献
2.
A novel actuation method of transporting droplets by using electrical charging of droplet in a dielectric fluid 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We evaluate the feasibility of manipulating droplets in two dimensions by exploiting Coulombic forces acting on conductive droplets immersed in a dielectric fluid. When a droplet suspended in an immiscible fluid is located near an electrode under a dc voltage, the droplet can be charged by direct contact, by charge transfer along an electrically conducting path, or by both mechanisms. This process is called electrical charging of droplet (ECOD). This charged droplet may then be transported rapidly by exploiting Coulombic forces. We experimentally demonstrate electrical actuation of a charged droplet by applying voltage sequences. A charged droplet is two dimensionally actuated by following the direction of the electrical field signal. The droplet does not contact the surface of the microfluidic chip when it moves. This characteristic is very advantageous because treatments of the substrate surfaces of microfluidic chip become simpler. In order to test the feasibility of using ECOD in a droplet-based microreactor, electrocoalescence of two oppositely charged droplets is also studied. When two droplets approach each other due to Coulombic attraction, a liquid bridge is formed between them. We postulate that if the applied electric field is weaker than a certain critical level, the two droplets coalesce instantaneously when the charges are exchanged and redistributed through this liquid bridge. 相似文献
3.
Microfluidic impact printing has been recently introduced, utilizing its nature of simple device architecture, low cost, non-contamination, and scalable multiplexability and high throughput. In this paper, we have introduced an impact-based droplet printing platform utilizing a simple plug-and-play microfluidic cartridge driven by piezoelectric actuators. Such a customizable printing system allows for ultrafine control of droplet volume from picoliters (∼23 pl) to nanoliters (∼10 nl), a 500 fold variation. The high flexibility of droplet generation can be simply achieved by controlling the magnitude of actuation (e.g., driving voltage) and the waveform shape of actuation pulses, in addition to nozzle size restrictions. Detailed printing characterizations on these parameters have been conducted consecutively. A multiplexed impact printing system has been prototyped and demonstrated to provide the functions of single-droplet jetting and droplet multiplexing as well as concentration gradient generation. Moreover, a generic biological assay has also been tested and validated on this printing platform. Therefore, the microfluidic droplet printing system could be of potential value to establish multiplexed micro reactors for high-throughput life science applications. 相似文献
4.
This work proposes the use of charged droplets driven by the Coulombic force as solution-phase reaction chambers for biological microreactions. A droplet can be charged near an electrode under dc voltage by direct contact to the electrode. This process is called electrical charging of droplet (ECOD). This charged droplet can then be transported rapidly between electrodes following the arc of an electric field line by exploiting electrostatic force. As on-demand electrocoalescence, both alkalization of phenolphthalein and bioluminescence reaction of luciferase in the presence of adenosine triphosphate are studied to test the feasibility of the biochemical microreactors using ECOD. Two oppositely charged droplets are merged to have a color change immediately after microchemical reaction. The applicability of an ECOD-driven droplet to measurement of glucose concentration is also tested. The glucose concentration is measured using a colorimetric enzyme-kinetic method based on Trinder’s reaction [J. Clin. Pathol. 22, 158 (1969)]. The color change in the merged droplet is detected with an absorbance measurement system consisting of a photodiode and a light emitting diode. 相似文献
5.
Paul Shallcross 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1942,233(5):471-484
An electrode design is developed for the purpose of obtaining a constant potential gradient along the surface of a cylinder. Such a design is important in a high voltage low current resistance in order that the voltage drop per unit of resistance be constant. It is found that the dimensions of such a resistor and its associated electrodes can be reduced considerably by the proper electrode design. 相似文献
6.
Digital microfluidics is an elegant technique based on single droplets for the design, composition, and manipulation of microfluidic systems. In digital microfluidics, especially in the electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) system, each droplet acts as an independent reactor, which enables a wide range of multiple parallel biological and chemical reactions at the microscale. EWOD digital microfluidics reduces reagent and energy consumption, accelerates analysis, enables point-of-care diagnostic, simplifies integration with sensors, etc. Such a digital microfluidic system is especially relevant for droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), thanks to its nanoliter droplets and well-controlled volume distribution. At low DNA concentration, these small volumes allow less than one DNA strand per droplet on average (limited dilution) so that after a fixed number of PCR cycles (endpoint PCR), only the DNA in droplets containing the sequence of interest has been amplified and can be detected by fluorescence to yield an accurate count of the sequences of interest using statistical models. Focusing on ddPCR, this article summarizes the latest development and research on EWOD technology for droplet PCR over the last decade. 相似文献
7.
We experimentally investigate the effects of high electric field on living cells inside a charged droplet under electrophoretic actuation. When an aqueous droplet suspended in a dielectric liquid contacts with electrified electrode, the droplet acquires charge. This charged droplet undergoes electrophoretic motion under strong electric field (1–3 kV/cm), which can be used as a droplet manipulation method in biomicrofluidic applications. However, because strong electric field and use of dielectric oil can be a harmful environment for living cells, the biological feasibilities have been tested. Trypan blue test and cell growth test have been performed to check the viability and proliferation of cells in a droplet under various electric field strengths and actuation times. We have not observed any noticeable influence of electric field and silicone oil on the viability and proliferation of cells, which indicates that electrophoresis could be safely used as a manipulation method for a droplet containing living biological system. 相似文献
8.
柔性电极应用于燃煤湿式烟气深度净化技术,高烟气流速下具有气溶胶脱硫率高、无间断在线操作、运行成本低等优点,可有效解决燃煤电厂“石膏雨”现象,同时对SO3、PM2.5、汞等具有协同控制作用。通过湿式烟气柔性电极烟气深度净化技术工艺设计,重点分析了该技术特点及系统构成,详细阐述了系统调试前的准备工作和工作流程,为形成新的烟气治理技术路线提供技术参考。 相似文献
9.
We report an in-depth study of the long-term reproducibility and reliability of droplet dispensing in digital microfluidic devices (DMF). This involved dispensing droplets from a reservoir, measuring the volume of both the droplet and the reservoir droplet and then returning the daughter droplet to the original reservoir. The repetition of this process over the course of several hundred iterations offers, for the first time, a long-term view of droplet dispensing in DMF devices. Results indicate that the ratio between the spacer thickness and the electrode size influences the reliability of droplet dispensing. In addition, when the separation between the plates is large, the volume of the reservoir greatly affects the reproducibility in the volume of the dispensed droplets, creating "reliability regimes." We conclude that droplet dispensing exhibits superior reliability as inter-plate device spacing is decreased, and the daughter droplet volume is most consistent when the reservoir volume matches that of the reservoir electrode. 相似文献
10.
通过对高压变频技术在660MW超临界机组电动给水泵的应用观测与分析,阐明了火力发电厂实施高压变频电动给水泵拖动,可以使电动给水泵系统运行效率工作在最佳区域,从而达到降低厂用电率、减少启动电流及对设备的冲击、改善作业环境,低碳、节能和减排的作用。 相似文献
11.
The introduction of surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology on microfluidics has shown its powerfully controlling and actuating fluid and particle capability in a micro-nano scale, such as fluid mixing, fluid translation, microfluidic pumping, microfluidic rotational motor, microfluidic atomization, particle or cell concentration, droplet or cell sorting, reorientation of nano-objects, focusing and separation of particles, and droplet jetting. The SAW-driven droplet jetting technology enjoys the advantages of simple structure to fabricate with little hindrance, compact size to integrate with other components, high biocompatibility with biological cells or other molecule samples, large force in realizing fast fluidic actuation, and contact-free manipulation with fluid. The realization of this technology can effectively overcome some bottleneck problems in the current micro-injection technology, such as mechanical swear, complicated and bulky structure, and strict limitation of requirements on fluidic characteristics. This article reviews and reorganizes SAW-microfluidic jetting technology from decades of years, referring to the interaction mechanism theory of SAW and fluid, experimental methods of SAW-microfluidic jetting, effects of related parameters on objected pinch-off droplets, and applications of individual structures. Finally, we made a summary of the research results of the current literature and look forward and appraise where this discipline of SAW-microfluidic jetting could go in the future. 相似文献
12.
This paper reports a technique for temperature-induced merging of droplets in a microchannel. The multiphase system consists of water droplet and oil as the dispersed phase and the carrying continuous phase. A resistive heater provides heating in a rectangular merging chamber. The temperature of the chamber is controlled by the voltage applied to the heater. The merging process of two neighboring droplets was investigated with different applied voltage, flow rate ratio between water and oil and total flowrate. Merging is found to be effective at high flow rate ratio, high temperature, and low total flowrate. The presented technique could be used for merging and mixing in droplet-based lab-on-a-chip platforms. 相似文献
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14.
随着我国经济生活水平的提高,电力技术也得到了飞速的发展。为了满足对电力的需求,保障电力设备的稳定运行,对电力变电设备的检修与维护就成为了重要的任务。下面本文就主要针对高压变电站的电气设备检修技术进行了分析与研究。 相似文献
15.
目前,实现对细胞神经递质释放过程的高时空分辨实时监测,仍存在诸多挑战。近些年来,通过发展不同的电化学检测技术实现了对细胞胞吐(exocytosis)释放以及细胞内部囊泡的定量化分析;一些研究使用这些技术,进行了细胞释放模式的探究。通过在电极表面修饰小分子或者调控电极尺寸,可实现高分辨率和高灵敏度的监测。文章重点介绍了神经递质电化学检测的机理、微米电极以及纳米电极检测技术的发展,对电化学传感与成像技术的联用进行了评述,并对电化学传感检测技术未来发展方向进行了展望。在此基础上,文章综合各种不同监测技术的优点,提出构建纳米电极与成像以及其他检测手段的联用技术,以大幅提高纳米电极在神经递质检测方面的能力。 相似文献
16.
技术梯度市场梯度与制造业产业追赶绩效 《科学学研究》2017,35(7):982-994
在以中国为典型的大型后发新兴经济体中,本土企业的追赶具有独特的后发优势：供给端存在连续的技术层级,需求端具备多层次的市场空间。本研究提出技术梯度、市场梯度两个构念,用以反映大型新兴经济体追赶中技术维和市场维的独特产业情境特征,并探索其对产业间追赶绩效差异的解释力。基于中国制造业26个行业2001-2007年的面板数据,检验了技术梯度、市场梯度以及它们与技术努力强度的交互作用对追赶绩效的影响。结果表明：技术梯度和市场梯度对产业追赶绩效均有着显著的促进作用;相较于技术努力强度较大或较小的情况,在技术努力强度适中的产业里,技术梯度和市场梯度对追赶绩效的影响更强。该发现对产业追赶具有重要理论和现实意义。 相似文献
17.
Droplet microfluidics is a powerful method used to characterize chemical reactions at high throughput. Often detection is performed via in-line optical readout, which puts high demands on the detection system or makes detection of low concentration substrates challenging. Here, we have developed a droplet acoustofluidic chip for time-controlled reactions that can be combined with off-line optical readout. The principle of the platform is demonstrated by the enzymatic conversion of fluorescein diphosphate to fluorescein by alkaline phosphatase. The novelty of this work is that the time of the enzymatic reaction is controlled by physically removing the enzymes from the droplets instead of using chemical inhibitors. This is advantageous as inhibitors could potentially interact with the readout. Droplets containing substrate were generated on the chip, and enzyme-coupled microbeads were added into the droplets via pico-injection. The reaction starts as soon as the enzyme/bead complexes are added, and the reaction is stopped when the microbeads are removed from the droplets at a channel bifurcation. The encapsulated microbeads were focused in the droplets by acoustophoresis during the split, leaving the product in the side daughter droplet to be collected for the analysis (without beads). The time of the reaction was controlled by using different outlets, positioned at different lengths from the pico-injector. The enzymatic conversion could be measured with fluorescence readout in a separate PDMS based assay chip. We show the ability to perform time-controlled enzymatic assays in droplet microfluidics coupled to an off-line optical readout, without the need of enzyme inhibitors. 相似文献
18.
We demonstrate the generation of water-in-water (w/w) jets and emulsions by combining droplet microfluidics and aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS). The application of ATPS in microfluidics has been hampered by the low interfacial tension between typical aqueous phases. The low tension makes it difficult to form w/w droplets with conventional droplet microfluidic approaches. We show that by mechanically perturbing a stable w/w jet, w/w emulsions can be prepared in a controlled and reproducible fashion. We also characterize the encapsulation ability of w/w emulsions and demonstrate that their encapsulation efficiency can be significantly enhanced by inducing formation of precipitates and gels at the w/w interfaces. Our work suggests a biologically and environmentally friendly platform for droplet microfluidics and establishes the potential of w/w droplet microfluidics for encapsulation-related applications. 相似文献
19.
We here present and characterize a programmable nanoliter scale droplet-on-demand device that can be used separately or readily integrated into low cost single layer rapid prototyping microfluidic systems for a wide range of user applications. The passive microfluidic device allows external (off-the-shelf) electronically controlled pinch valves to program the delivery of nanoliter scale aqueous droplets from up to 9 different inputs to a central outlet channel. The inputs can be either continuous aqueous fluid streams or microliter scale aqueous plugs embedded in a carrier fluid, in which case the number of effective input solutions that can be employed in an experiment is no longer strongly constrained (100 s–1000 s). Both nanoliter droplet sequencing output and nanoliter-scale droplet mixing are reported with this device. Optimization of the geometry and pressure relationships in the device was achieved in several hardware iterations with the support of open source microfluidic simulation software and equivalent circuit models. The requisite modular control of pressure relationships within the device is accomplished using hydrodynamic barriers and matched resistance channels with three different channel heights, custom parallel reversible microfluidic I/O connections, low dead-volume pinch valves, and a simply adjustable array of external screw valves. Programmable sequences of droplet mixes or chains of droplets can be achieved with the device at low Hz frequencies, limited by device elasticity, and could be further enhanced by valve integration. The chip has already found use in the characterization of droplet bunching during export and the synthesis of a DNA library. 相似文献
20.
高压直流电源在科学实验和工业生产中有着广泛的运用,传统高压电源一般采用线性技术,普遍存在精度低、调整复杂、纹波系数大等诸多缺陷。为满足高压电源小型化、智能化、数字化的要求,文章主要介绍了一种基于ATmegal6为控制核心的数字化直流高压电源的设计方法。 相似文献