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Testing is a standard method for verification of software performance.Producing efficinet and appropriate test case is an important aspect in testing.Specification-based testing presents a method to derive test data from software specification.Because of the precision and concision of specification.the test data derived from specification can test the software efficiently and entirely.This paper demonstrates a test class framework(TCF) on a file reading case study,specifiec using Z notation,This class framework defines test case sets,providing structure to the testing process.Flexbility is preserved so that many testing strategies can be used. 相似文献
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Language testing is an important link in language teaching,in this paper,the two important criteria of language test the reliability and validity has carried on the detailed elaboration,in order to a language teacher proposition and evaluation test more scientific. 相似文献
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Test plays an important role in our lives in that it can cause backwash towards our teaching and learning.Thus the pur pose of the present study is to examine the quality of an English test paper in a junior middle school of Urumqi according to the language test theories.Through the data collection and analyses,the results indicate that the test paper is a medium-level test and the reliability is suitable.From the correlation analysis,we can see that each part has a high correlation value to the total,indicat ing that all of them contribute to generate language proficiency. 相似文献
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《考试》2008,(7)
Ⅰ.Introduction Teachers' talk is a very important media.According to Nunan,"Teachers' talk is a key factor to both class- room's organization and students' language acquisition, not only because it is a kind of teaching strategy to achieve a better effect,but also because it is a way for teachers to display target language and for students to ex- perience target language."Contemporary education has de- manded teachers to change their roles from an authority in the traditional classroom to different roles in present 相似文献
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The Role of Motivation in Language Learning 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李玉红 《通化师范学院学报》2004,(7):25-30
The role of motivation in language learning has been studied since the 1960s. It is indeed one of the most important areas of linguistics. This paper suggests strategies of motivating language learners and focuses on the role which motivation can play in language learning. The concept of motivation from different points of view is defined, a number of suggestions on how to motivate language learners are presented and the role of motivation based on various motivational theories are highlighted. With regard to the role of motivation in language learning, it is concluded that motivation plays an increasingly important role in many aspects, such as identifying with the target language society, achieving long-term and short-term goals, improving language learners‘ internal and external powers and exerting a group force. It also indicates that there should be more research areas to be examined and a long way is probably requlred to go in future theoretical and practical study. 相似文献
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Product data management (PDM) is a unique technique that integrates and manages all applications, information and processes defining a product from design to manufacture, and to end-user support. However, exploration of valuable information and knowledge from the PDM system has become a key in improvement of efficiency and implementation of knowledge management in an enterprise. This paper introduces a data mining prototype system model based on PDM, and emphasizes some important techniques such as design of the prototype system framework, methods of data selection and integration of data mining prototype system and PDM. The model basically solves the problem of functional losses in mining and analyzing data in PDM. Application of data mining to PDM is meaningful to the ideas and techniques of PDM, and to the rapid development of data mining application itself. Also, it is useful in improving development and usage of enterprise databases. 相似文献
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Culture,which is one of characteristics of a nation,plays an important role in translation.There is a relationship be tween culture and translation and the ways for cultural transmitting from one language to another language.So,the translator has to capture and project the special cultural quality properly in the target language.Cultural transfer is all about a multi-pronged ap proach,focusing on the author’s relationship with his subject and that with the reader,which should be expressed in a good work. 相似文献
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占学德 《上海大学学报(英文版)》2006,(5)
Unified modeling language(UML)is a powerful graphical modeling language with intuitional meaning.It provides various diagrams to depict system charac-teristics and complex environment fromdifferent view-points and different application layers.UML-basedsoftware development and modeling environments havebeen widely accepted in industry,including areas inwhich safetyis ani mportant issue such as spaceflight,defense,automobile,etc.To ensure and i mprovesoftware quality becomes a main concern in … 相似文献
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INTRODUCTION The Unified Modeling Language (UML)(Eriksson, 2003) is a visual language supporting thedesign and development of complex object-orientedsystems. While UML models focus primarily on thedefinition of system structure and behavior, theyprovide only limited means for describing test ob-jectives and test procedures. Furthermore, thegrowing system complexity increases the need forsolid testing. Thus, in 2001, the Object Manage-ment Group issued a Request for Proposal (U… 相似文献
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由于种种原因在教育考试过程中需要对同一测量编制A、B两种形式。为了保证A、B两种形式为平行测验,可以用协方差结构模型(CSM)对平行测量的假设进行检验。 相似文献
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The dominant error source of mobile terminal location in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation error. Among the algorithms proposed to mitigate the influence of NLOS propagation error, residual test (RT) is an efficient one, however with high computational complexity (CC). An improved algorithm that memorizes the light of sight (LOS) range measurements (RMs) identified memorize LOS range measurements identified residual test (MLSI-RT) is presented in this paper to addre... 相似文献
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This article has three goals. The first goal is to clarify the role that the consequences of test score use play in validity judgments by reviewing the role that modern writers on validity have ascribed for consequences in supporting validity judgments. The second goal is to summarize current views on who is responsible for collecting evidence of test score use consequences by attempting to separate the responsibilities of the test developer and the test user. The last goal is to offer a framework that attempts to prescribe the conditions under which the responsibility for collecting evidence of consequences falls to the test developer or to the test user. 相似文献
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The present study aims at revealing the washback effect of task-based communicative language test (TBCLT) in a vo-cational college, with the further purpose to work out some ways to promote positive wa... 相似文献
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The essay aims at revealing the washback effect of task-based communicative language test(TBCLT) in a vocational college, with the further purpose to work out some ways to promote positive washback effect and reform the current tests hence to improve vocational learning. 相似文献
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The essay aims at revealing the washback effect of task-based communicative language test (TBCLT) in a vocational college, with the further purpose to work out some ways to promote positive washback ef... 相似文献