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1.
In this paper we evaluate the impact of research grants on the amount of collaboration among scientific researchers in Argentina. We find a positive and significant impact of funding on collaboration which is measured in terms of the number of co-authors for publications in peer-reviewed journals. Our identification strategy is based on comparing collaboration indicators for researchers with financially supported projects with those of a control group of researchers who submitted projects that were accepted in terms of quality, but not supported because of shortage of funds. We obtain consistent results by using different non-experimental techniques including difference-in-differences models combined with propensity score matching algorithms. 相似文献
2.
分学科探讨中国科研机构之国际表现——科学计量学视角 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着科研事业的发展,如何对研究机构及其科研产出进行有效的评价,是决策者面临的重要挑战.以西班牙SCImago机构排名世界报告为数据源,探讨中国机构在健康科学领域、生命科学领域、物理科学领域、人文社会科学领域的论文产出、国际合作、高质量论文、归一化引用影响在国际上的地位,并用Pearson相关分析研究各个指标之间的关系.我国论文产量增长快,但是仍比不上发文排名前100名的机构中,所占机构数量绝对领先的美国;在国际合作方面,我国表现突出的机构不多,与国际合作非常活跃的欧洲国家相差甚远;我国机构的高质量论文比和论文的引用影响与世界先进水平也有很大的差距.因此,我国机构在追求论文数量的同时,还应在各个领域加强国际合作,同时鼓励研究人员在高质量期刊上投稿,加强与高水平作者群的交流,从而提高论文的质量. 相似文献
3.
Keld Laursen 《Research Policy》2010,39(5):687-697
This paper investigates the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) related knowledge flows for international market shares. Using bibliometric data on scientific publications, we analyse the relationship between the strength of 14 OECD countries in four ICT-related scientific fields and the ability of those countries to maintain and acquire export market shares in the OECD market, across 16 manufacturing industries over the period 1981-2003. We find that domestic and foreign ICT-related scientific knowledge flows have a positive and significant impact on export market shares in ICT industries, while only domestic flows positively affect export shares in non-ICT industries. We also find that small open economies benefit more than other countries from foreign knowledge flows both in ICT and in non-ICT industries. 相似文献
4.
The increasing commercialization of university discoveries has initiated a controversy on the impact for scientific research. It has been argued that an increasing orientation towards commercialization may have a negative impact on more fundamental research efforts in science. Several scholars have therefore analyzed the relationship between publication and patenting activity of university researchers, and most articles report positive correlations between patenting and publishing activities of scientists. However, previous studies do not account for heterogeneity of patenting activities. This paper explores the incidence of patenting and publishing of scientists distinguishing between corporate patents and patents assigned to non-profit organizations for a large sample of professors active in Germany. While patents assigned to non-profit organizations (incl. individual ownership of the professors themselves) complement publication quantity and quality, patents assigned to corporations are negatively related to quantity and quality of publication output. 相似文献
5.
This paper presents the results of an econometric approach to examine the determinants of scientific production at cross-country level. The paper aims not to provide accurate and robust estimates of investment elasticities (a doubtful task given the poor quality of the data sources and the modelling problems), but to develop and critically assess the validity of an empirical approach for characterising the production of science and its impact, from a comparative perspective. We employ and discuss the limitations of a production function approach to relate investment inputs to scientific outputs using a sample of 14 countries for which we have information on higher education research and development (HERD). The outputs are taken from the Thomson ISI® national science indicators (2002) database on published papers and citations. The inputs and outputs for this sample of countries have been recorded for a period of 21 years (1981-2002). A thorough discussion of the data shortcomings is provided. On the basis of this panel dataset we investigate the profile of the time lag between investment in HERD and research output and returns to national investment in science. We devote particular attention to analysing the presence of cross-country spillovers. We show their relevance and underline the international effect of the US system. 相似文献
6.
The paper analyses the Italian contribution to the world scientific production, its relative citation impact, its international collaborations and scientific productivity compared with the most productive EU countries over the period 1980–2009. It shows that despite the fact that the level of funding has been dramatically low during the past decades, Italian science has been able to increase its performance up to 2007. Italian science is a “cathedral in the desert”. However, a recent reduction in the level of scientific production, the lagging behind in international scientific collaboration (highly correlated with the relative citation impact) and the great heterogeneity of researchers’ productivity (absence of correlation of number of researchers with quality and quantity of scientific production) may mark the start of a decline of Italian science. The paper concludes that the increased funding must go hand-in-hand with reform of autonomy and governance and calling for a sound system of internal quality control and performance enhancement. 相似文献
7.
This paper explores the complex relationship between scientific novelty and technological impact. We measure novel science as publications which make new combinations of prior knowledge, as reflected in new combinations of journals in their references, and trace links between science and technology by scientific references in patent applications. We draw on all the Web of Science SCIE journal articles published in 2001 and all the patents in PATSTAT (October 2013 edition). We find that the small proportion of scientific publications which score on novelty, particularly the 1% highly novel scientific publications in their field, are significantly and sizably more likely to have direct technological impact than comparable non-novel publications. In addition to this superior likelihood of direct impact, novel science also has a higher probability for indirect technological impact, being more likely to be cited by other scientific publications which have technological impact. Among the set of scientific publications cited at least once by patents, there are no additional significant differences in the speed or the intensity of the technological impact between novel and non-novel scientific prior art, but the technological impact from novel science is significantly broader and reaching new technology fields previously not impacted by its scientific discipline. Novel science is also more likely to lead to patents which are themselves novel. 相似文献
8.
Knowledge production and scientific research have become increasingly more collaborative and international, particularly in pharmaceuticals. We analyze this tendency in general and tie formation in international research networks on the country level in particular. Based on a unique dataset of scientific publications related to pharmaceutical research and applying social network analysis, we find that both the number of countries and their connectivity increase in almost all disease group specific networks. The cores of the networks consist of high income OECD countries and remain rather stable over time. Using network regression techniques to analyze the network dynamics our results indicate that accumulative advantages based on connectedness and multi-connectivity are positively related to changes in the countries’ collaboration intensity whereas various indicators on similarity between countries do not allow for unambiguous conclusions. 相似文献
9.
《Research Policy》2019,48(9):103834
This study empirically examines the association between the extent of emerging technological ideas in a scientific publication and its future scientific impact measured by number of citations. We analyze metadata of scientific publications in three scientific domains: Nano-Enabled Drug Delivery, Synthetic Biology, and Autonomous Vehicles. By employing a bibliometric indicator for identifying and quantifying emerging technological ideas – as derived terms from the titles and abstracts – we measure the extent to which the publication contains emerging technological ideas in each domain. Then, we statistically estimate the size and statistical significance of the relationship between the publication-level technological emergence score and the normalized number of citations accruing to the publication.Our analysis shows that the degree to which a paper contains technologically emerging ideas is positively and strongly associated with its future citation impact in each of the three domains. An additional analysis demonstrates that this relationship holds for citations from other publications, both in the same field as, and in different fields from, the scientific domain of the focal publication. A series of tests for validation further support our argument that the greater the extent to which scientific knowledge (a paper) contains emerging ideas, the bigger its scientific impact. Implications for academic researchers, research policymakers, and firms are discussed. 相似文献
10.
This paper examines the impact of universities on the technological performance of adjacent firms. We extend existing research by jointly analyzing, and comparing, the effects of education (graduates) and scientific research (publications) activities of universities on firms’ technological performance. Adopting the knowledge production framework, our study is conducted at the level of 101 Italian territorial areas (provinces) and four industries. Overall, fixed-effect panel data models reveal a positive effect of both university graduates and scientific publications on the technological performance of firms. At the same time, considerable industry differences are observed. While the provision of university graduates positively affects firm performance in all industries under study, additional effects for scientific research are only observed in electrical and pharmaceutical industries that are science-intensive and where the scientific knowledge base is changing rapidly over time. The observation that spillovers from academia into the industrial texture of provinces rely on education and research in an industry-specific manner is relevant to the design of appropriate research and innovation policies. 相似文献
11.
Scientific knowledge dynamics and relatedness in biotech cities 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
This paper investigates the impact of scientific relatedness on knowledge dynamics in biotech at the city level during the period 1989–2008. We assess the extent to which the emergence of new research topics and the disappearance of existing topics in cities are dependent on their degree of scientific relatedness with existing topics in those cities. We make use of the rise and fall of title words in scientific publications in biotech to identify major cognitive developments within the field. We determined the degree of relatedness between 1028 scientific topics in biotech by means of co-occurrence of pairs of topics in journal articles. We combined this relatedness indicator between topics in biotech with the scientific portfolio of cities (i.e. the topics on which they published previously) to determine how cognitively close a potentially new topic (or an existing topic) is to the scientific portfolio of a city. We analyzed knowledge dynamics at the city level by looking at the entry and exit of topics in the scientific portfolio of 276 cities in the world. We found strong and robust evidence that new scientific topics in biotech tend to emerge systematically in cities where scientifically related topics already exist, while existing scientific topics had a higher probability to disappear from a city when these were weakly related to the scientific portfolio of the city. 相似文献
12.
As university involvement in technology transfer and entrepreneurship has increased, concerns over the patenting and licensing of scientific discoveries have grown. This paper examines the effect that the licensing of academic patents has on journal citations to academic publications covering the same scientific research. We analyze data on invention disclosures, patents, and licenses from the University of California, a leading U.S. academic patenter and licensor, between 1997 and 2007. We also develop a novel “inventor-based” maximum-likelihood matching technique to automate and generalize Murray's (2002) “patent-paper pairs” methodology. We use this methodology to identify the scientific publications associated with University of California patents and licenses.Based on a “difference-in-differences” analysis, we find that within our sample of patented academic discoveries, citations to licensed patent-linked publications are higher in the three years after the license, although this difference is not statistically significant. We then disaggregate our sample into (a) patented discoveries that are likely to be used as “research tools” by other researchers (based on the presence of material transfer agreements (MTAs) that cover them) and (b) patented discoveries not covered by MTAs. Citations to publications linked to licensed patents in the latter subset (not covered by MTAs) are higher for publications linked to licensed patents, and this difference is statistically significant. In contrast, licensing of patented discoveries that are also research tools is associated with a reduction in citations to papers linked to these research advances, raising the possibility that licensing may restrict the flow of inputs to “follow-on” scientific research. 相似文献
13.
《Information processing & management》2022,59(2):102859
This paper studies the transdisciplinary impact of scientific publications with a longitudinal, comprehensive, and large-scale analysis on the Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) dataset. More specifically, this paper aims to understand to what extent publications in discipline A have impact on discipline B. To this end, we propose a novel method to characterize the degree to which a publication impacts another discipline instead of its original discipline. We consider the ratio of the number of citations in a certain discipline and that in the original discipline. We also adopt an OLS regression to identify the equation between the ratio and the affinity of discipline pair and find a clear positive relation. This inspires us to categorize a publication's degree of transdisciplinarity by setting up two thresholds, the top 95% and the bottom 95% confident interval curve (of the fitted line). Publications above the top 95% curve is categorized as transdisciplinary ones, those below the bottom 95% curve as domain-specific ones, and those between the two curve as normal publications. This categorization does not require any pre-defined framework for transdisciplinarity and offers an automatic way of definition by data distribution itself. We find that sociology, mathematics, physics, and chemistry account for a great proportion of transdisciplinary publications that influence other domains, and that medicine, biology, economics, and geology have the greatest proportion of domain-specific publications that show impact in the original discipline. Moreover, we observe a negative relation between the number of citations and the proportion of transdisciplinary publications. A longitudinal analysis presents that the proportion of transdisciplinary publications shows a slightly increase trend for years. 相似文献
14.
Presently, science is an important precondition for the economic development of less-developed countries. This paper discusses the specific roles that science has at initial stages of development, pointing to its contributions for the countries’ absorptive capability. Furthermore, this paper specifies the role of science for initiating a positive interaction with technological development, since initial stages of development and during catching up processes. For less-developed countries, neither the linear model of technology nor an “inverted linear model” would take place: a more interactive approach is necessary for development. Using statistics of patents (USPTO) and scientific papers (ISI) for 120 countries (1974, 1982, 1990, and 1998), this paper analyses some evidences on thresholds levels of scientific production to originate an interactive relationship between science and technology. These data also document that the value of this threshold seems to double from one period to another. Although this paper presents tentative results, some policy implications are discussed: scientific institutional building must be seen as a component of modern industrial policies. 相似文献
15.
【目的/意义】对中文学术论文中的外文文献引用特征的充分挖掘和系统分析是了解国内学者的外文文献
资源使用规律,从而促进外文资源合理利用的有效手段,也是完善论文质量评价体系和制订文献保障战略的重要
研究课题之一。【方法/过程】从论文审稿人和指标评价角度,对外文文献利用的主观意愿、期刊质量相关性、研究主
题特征等要素进行了深入分析。【结果/结论】实证研究结果显示,期刊审稿人对外文文献的价值一致持肯定态度,
期刊外文引文率和影响因子之间存在显著的正相关关系。不同的研究主题因国际化程度不同,外文引文率有较大
差异。【创新/局限】通过定量方法发现和解释了中文学术论文中外文参考文献的引用模式。 相似文献
16.
《国际创新研究学报(英文)》2021,5(4):148-160
Recent changes in innovation development are related to the new technological revolution (Industry 4.0), pandemic, economic crises, and new legislation. These trends provide new opportunities for the improvement of production materials, construction, processes, and capacities. Innovative technologies improve the processes of business analyses and forecasting, as well as new product development, order processing, logistics, production automation, quality control, and marketing. Modern technologies are gradually replacing ergonomically demanding and dangerous occupations. Such innovations are particularly necessary for the transformation of problem companies and regions, as they often have a significant impact on economic development. This study is part of our long-term research on the technology innovation of problem companies and regions. Its primary goal is to methodically emphasize the importance and role of technology innovation management, mainly in problem companies, and analytically compare the innovation success of regions and countries from a global perspective. The study was carried out from 2015 to 2021. The time scope of the analyzed data is 2000–2018. The results show a certain Asian dominance in technology innovation management, in terms of the number of technology patents as well as of the growth dynamics and the ability to overcome the pandemic and crises in general. 相似文献
17.
《Research Policy》2023,52(5):104753
In the span of three years, Indonesia went from being the second worst to the top producer of scientific journal articles in Southeast Asia. We investigate whether a transparent system of ranking every single researcher in the country based on publications and citations (SINTA) contributed to this turnaround. Using panel data from over 200,000 Indonesian researchers (and comparing to researchers from Thailand and the Philippines), we show that the implementation of SINTA coincides with changes in the production of publications by Indonesian researchers consistent with the weights used in the ranking formula. Although we see modest improvements in publication rates in top-ranked journals, 62 % of the observed increase in total publications is from conference proceedings. Because SINTA was launched around the same time as other policies that focused on increasing publications, isolating the precise impact of SINTA remains challenging. Nevertheless, after accounting for such policies, our results imply that a ranking and evaluation system for researchers can contribute to overall improvements in scientific capacity in low- and middle-income countries. 相似文献
18.
针对我国2005年发表的SCI论文,展开如下调查工作:(1)分别针对我国发表论文数量最多的十个学科,调查在世界IF(Impact Factor,影响因子)排名前10%的期刊(简称TOP10%)上发表的论文数量,及其占同一学科我国SCI论文总量的比例;(2)针对我国在TOP10%期刊上发表的每一篇SCI论文,调查其在2006年的被引次数是否大于或等于期刊IF值(起到"拉升"贡献),并统计具有"拉升贡献"的论文数量,分析其占同一学科我国SCI论文总量的比例;(3)比较了我国与美国在Nature和Science上发表的论文数量及被引次数对期刊IF值起到"拉升"贡献的论文数量。这些调查和分析工作表明我国SCI论文具有数量多,高影响期刊论文少,对IF起到"拉升"作用的论文更少。随后分析了产生上述现象的成因,并提出了一种高质量SCI论文的判断方法。 相似文献
19.
Since the late 1990s, mergers have been pursued by a large number of national university systems. The mergers have been justified as a way of increasing research performance. This paper examines the impact of mergers on one vital measure of university research performance, the production of publications, for 29 Chinese university mergers and 8 Nordic university mergers. Using Web of Science counts of research articles before and after a merger while controlling for the university inputs of R&D funding and research personnel, it was found that Chinese universities exhibited a small but significant increase in the rate of growth of articles following a merger. The Nordic performance was less clear cut. Our findings support the belief that mergers of similarly sized institutions usually have little impact on research performance. In contrast, mergers between a large comprehensive university and much smaller universities have a positive impact on overall publications. We also show that cases in which the merger was between a comprehensive university and a medical school resulted in significantly improved performance in terms of scholarly publications. We attribute the improvement to synergies between the basic biological research in the comprehensive university and the more practical research undertaken in medical schools. We conclude with suggestions for policy-makers aiming to create synergies through mergers. 相似文献
20.
以2009-2017年我国涉农企业的混合数据为样本,构建SSBM-网络DEA模型测算其科技成果转化效率,进而将技术引进细分为引进技术、吸收技术以及技术中试三阶段,并以三阶段的吸收能力为门槛变量,实证检验技术引进对涉农企业科技成果转化效率影响的门槛效应。研究发现：(1)不考虑门槛效应情况下,技术引进对涉农企业科技成果转化效率无显著影响。(2)引进技术阶段经费质量吸收能力处于(0.643,0.796]区间,吸收技术阶段人才质量吸收能力处于(0.184,0.227]区间,中试生产阶段中试生产吸收能力大于门槛值5.011时,技术引进才能显著提高涉农企业科技成果转化效率。 相似文献