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1.
The goal of this article is to demonstrate and analyse how two public broadcasters with cultural and technical mandates to foster identity formation, the BBC in Britain and the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC) in Canada, came to terms with the fact that the British and Canadian identities were different, and growing more so, in the 1930s. The focus is on how two BBC officials, Malcolm Frost and Felix Greene, assessed the public broadcasting experiment in Canada and gradually came to understand that the CRBC, while a Dominion broadcaster and potential distributor of the Empire Service, was also a North American broadcaster striving to gain legitimacy and credibility with Canadian listeners accustomed to the popular commercial programming of the large American networks. It concludes with a discussion of Greene's role in the creation of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) and the appointment of Canadian-born BBC official Gladstone Murray as its first general manager.  相似文献   

2.
Kothmale Community Radio (KCR) is one of five community radio stations operated by the government-funded public service broadcaster Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation (SLBC). Community radio was originally introduced to Sri Lanka under an UNESCO-DANIDA 1 1Danida is the overseas development funding arm of the government of Denmark. funded project called Mahaveli Community Radio (MCR).  相似文献   

3.
Canada was the first country challenged by the massive inflow of American popular culture. The Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC), Canada's first national public broadcaster, was created to provide an alternative to U.S. network and Canadian commercial radio. After analyzing the CRBC's programs, this article concludes that even the public network imitated or incorporated much American programming, but recontextualized it to Canadian locations, both real and imaginative, and supplemented it with more nationally oriented serious and symbolic content as well. The case study fits within the framework of the international literature emphasizing the hybridity and resiliency of national cultural identities.  相似文献   

4.
The pages of the Journal of Broadcasting have often carried material relating to the American Bar Association's Canon 35, which prevents broadcasters from carrying the tools of their trade into the courtroom. Although the conflict between lawyer and broadcaster has flared up once again following the recent statements by Mr. Justice Douglas, the question of judges ordering their courtrooms is not nearly of such serious import to the broadcaster as the question of gaining admittance to legislative sessions and hearings.

Many of television's most impressive hours have been spent covering the hearings of various U.S. Senate committees. However, the broadcast media have no such access to hearings in the House of Representatives—even when these hearings may be of vital concern to the nation and the industry. On the local level, the situation is no less spotty, with the current fight to gain access to the Chicago City Council garnering the headlines.

A broadcaster trying to gain admittance for his microphones and cameras into a legislative session is often handicapped by not knowing the pertinent precedents from other parts of the country. The following survey of this subject is designed to assist the broadcaster or other interested parties in interpreting the various laws, regulations and precedents. Mr. Partain is a graduate of Duke University and the Duke University Law School and received his master's degree in Radio‐Television from Northwestern University in 1959.  相似文献   

5.
Canadian historical literature of early radio broadcasting focuses largely on policy and formation of two successive public networks: the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC) and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). This literature rests fundamentally on the assumption that the CRBC and CBC were formed to counter the threat of American cultural domination. This study is based on a stratified random sample of radio schedules selected from Vancouver, Montreal, and Halifax newspapers. This content analysis of radio schedules demonstrates an overall trend of greater U.S. programming within Canadian radio station schedules coinciding with the introduction of programs produced in the United States by the CBC.  相似文献   

6.
Between General Franco's agony (October/November 1975) and the constitution's approval (December 1978), European media reported intensively about the democratisation process in Spain. The present paper deals with its examination through the Radio della Svizzera di lingua italiana broadcasts. As the only Swiss Italian-speaking broadcaster, it tried to provide in-depth information and opinion on a country whose solid ties with Switzerland were based on economy, migration and tourism. The study of this non-commercial radio allows us to determine the way the democratisation was approached and portrayed for a Swiss audience and offers a genuine case for transnational historical research.  相似文献   

7.
The development of radio news broadcasting in Canada, as in the United States, was delayed by bitter conflict between newspaper and radio interests. This paper looks at news broadcasting in Canada between 1932 and 1936, during the era of the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (CRBC), Canada's first public broadcasting body. It focuses mainly on authority, advertisers, and audiences with respect to the news broadcasting policy and practices of the CRBC itself, but it places these issues in the context of the mixed public/ private and Canadian/American environment in which the Commission operated and raises questions about the narrow margins of maneuver available to the public broadcaster then and now.  相似文献   

8.
In the Spring of 1962 the Journal of Broadcasting published a “Directory of Scholarships for Students of Broadcasting” an amalgamation of compilations by Gordon Greb (for the Council on Radio‐Television Journalism of the Association for Education in Journalism and the Radio‐Television News Directors Association) and Sidney Kraus (for the Association for Professional Broadcasting Education). This directory, although listing scholarships worth more than a quarter million dollars, named fewer than 30 as coming from broadcasting stations, group ownership, or state broadcaster associations. In the compilation that follows, even though it is restricted to NAB member stations, more than 90 stations report granting scholarships to students of broadcasting. Surely, this represents a vast increase in the amount of student aid and recognition, and not merely underreporting on the earlier survey.

The following study had its genesis in a discussion between Dr. Kraus and Howard Bell, then vice‐president for Planning and Development and Assistant to the President of the National Association of Broadcasters and Executive Secretary of the Association for Professional Broadcasting Education (now Director of the NAB Code Authority). The NAB sent the questionnaires to its membership; Dr. Kraus compiled the results. Although Dr. Kraus and his associates made several checks on the data, it is possible that some errors remain, for which the Journal apologizes in advance. The following data apply to NAB member stations as of early 1963, and do not of course detail the financial support given broadcasting students by all of America's broadcasting stations. Some changes in format were made by the Journal staff, and some minor data (notably the number of stations responding from certain states and the call letters of stations approached by schools for scholarships in some states) are presently unavailable due to the change in location by Dr. Kraus from Bloomington, Indiana (where he was Assistant Professor in the Department of Radio and Television at Indiana University) to Chicago (where he recently assumed the title of Assistant to the President of Roosevelt University).  相似文献   

9.
By the mid-1970s, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and the Independent Local Radio (ILR) sector started catering to the local Asian migrant listener community in England, by producing Asian radio programming output in English and in Asian languages such as Hindi and Urdu. In the 1980s, the Greater London Council (GLC) came up with its own initiatives to cater to London’s Asian migrant community. This article describes GLC’s initiatives through its Community Radio Unit, which encouraged independent British Asian radio broadcasting in England.  相似文献   

10.
This article reports on ongoing studies of political satire in the seriocomedy genre produced by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) and its French language counterpart, la Société Radio‐Canada (SRC). We compare and contrast examples of each network's way of imagining its respective society as well as each other's society. We situate the definition of seriocomedy in a discussion of the contrasting role of private and public broadcasting in the North American context. Then we present examples from programs produced in two historical periods. The definition of seriocomedy and the analysis of texts follows the dialogical theory of discourse developed by the Russian thinker, Mikhail Bakhtin. In the conclusion, we discuss how these examples of dialogical criticism help demonstrate the complex process in which the seriocomedy genre expands and reinstitutes the normative boundaries of what can be said or represented in public culture.  相似文献   

11.
The objective of the study is to provide empirical evidence on the value of public service broadcasting (PSB) in Taiwan, which is a critical factor when considering the provision of more public funding. Being based on a nationwide telephone survey in Taiwan, this study uses the contingent valuation method to elicit citizens' willingness to pay (WTP) for maintaining the current PSB in Taiwan. The results show that household average WTP per year for PSB is estimated to be NT$982 (US$29.89), which is equal to 0.18% of GDP per capita in 2007. Such WTP estimate is much higher than the current government subsidy for PSB per household, which implies respondents' high appreciation on PSB as well as the potential benefit that Taiwan PSB could bring to the family. Our estimates of WTP provide important information for government authorities and policy-makers when making funding decisions. Furthermore, our survey results also point to some prioritized functions as potential niches on which the Taiwan PSB could focus in the future.  相似文献   

12.
When General Electric formed the Radio Corporation of America with Marconi assets in 1919, conflicts over patents prompted a push for cross-licensing agreements with the other large electrical and telephone interests. In addition to RCA, General Electric, AT&T and Westinghouse, a fifth partner in the patents pool was the United Fruit Company whose primary business was banana production. How the fruit company became a player in the American radio cartel and the impact of its radio activities in the tropics are the focus of this article. The evolution of its subsidiary the Tropical Radio and Telegraph Company is also delineated.  相似文献   

13.
This article discusses how radio in Kazakhstan changed after the Soviet Union collapsed and market-oriented independent countries emerged. Since independence in 1991, the media, including radio, developed partly as a private enterprise and partly as a government entity with government radio operations controlled by the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Corporation. State radio stations in Kazakhstan are subsidized and operations do not depend on popularity or successful competition for audiences. Commercial stations have found support in advertising and continue to be successful. Although Kazakhstan has been independent for about 20 years and Kazakh stations are successful, the radio market in Kazakhstan is dominated by Russian radio. This article highlights the significant challenge for Kazakh radio as it continues to develop a uniquely Kazakh character that can promote Kazakh language and culture, and successfully attract a Kazakh audience.  相似文献   

14.
This study examines the fate of the development model of public broadcasting in the face of rapid global media commercialization. Using the Indian broadcaster Doordarshan as an example, the authors illustrate how a public media outlet with a development mandate has responded to new pressures and examine the consequences for development broadcasting in general. This inquiry challenges not only the strategies of this broadcaster but also some of the assumptions by media scholars regarding development broadcasting. The study concludes by advocating a new type of development broadcasting that establishes a distinct brand and plays a vital role in creating an informed citizenry.  相似文献   

15.
The relationship between public radio and its audience has undergone significant change since the adoption of Web 2.0 technology. Web 2.0 allows an audience to interact easily and speedily with a public service broadcaster, forming an inclusive, two-way listening environment. This contrasts with the traditional one-way model of public broadcasting. This research project used New Zealand public radio broadcaster RNZ National as a case study. The phenomenon was studied from the perspective of those who listen to content, and those who create it. Findings include the ready adoption of Web 2.0 technology by the audience and the validation of that participation by RNZ National hosts and producers.  相似文献   

16.
Lawrence W. Lichty and Malachi C. Topping (eds.) American Broadcasting: A Sourcebook on the History of Radio and Television (New York: Hastings House, 1975—$26.50/15.00)

Raymond Flower and Michael Wynn Jones' Lloyd's of London: An Illustrated History (New York: Hastings House, 1974—$15.00)

S. Young Lee and Ronald J. Pedone's Status Report on Public Broadcasting 1973 (Washington: Corporation for Public Broadcasting and HEW, 1974—no price given)

Donald J. Bogue's The Radio Audience for Classical Music: The Case of Station WEFM, Chicago (Chicago: University of Chicago Community and Family Study Center Communication Laboratory, 1973—$2.00, paper)

A Report by the Norman [Oklahoma] Cable Communications Commission (write to Mr. Martin Bernert, Norman Cable Communications Commission, 111 North Peters, P.O. Box 370, Norman, Okla. 73069—$20.00, paper)  相似文献   

17.
Derick Unwin and Ray McAleese, eds. Encyclopedia of Educational Media Communications and Technology (London: Macmillan, l978---£20.00/Westport, Ca.: Greenwood Press, 1979---$59.95)

Two useful and recent publications on Public Radio in the United States have both been published by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (1111 16th St. N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036)

Two recent publications provide some useful guidance on education for media, from different publishers

Maureen Harmonay, ed. The Arts (Cambridge, Mass.: Ballinger Publishing, 1979---$16.50/8.95)  相似文献   

18.
A complex pattern of radio regulation emerged during the mid‐1920s, one in which a close‐knit relationship arose between regulator and regulated. Working together to get radio service to the public were the “regulators”—Herbert Hoover and the Department of Commerce—and the “regulated”— Westinghouse, General Electric (G. E.), the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), and American Telegraph and Telephone (AT&;T). Together, these two groups set radio's agenda and policy through 1927. This essay shows how that synthesis became the blueprint used even today for broadcast license allocation and station licensee assignments.  相似文献   

19.
Although immigration always has been an issue of political debate, the 2015 European migrant crisis led to an enormous increase in attention from policymakers and news media. Many studies already focused on the representation of the crisis in the news, but no systematic longitudinal research existed comparing coverage in crisis and non-crisis times. This study analyzes all television news items on immigration in Flanders (Belgium) from the two main broadcasters from the period 2003–2017. By doing so, we are able to study whether there are changes in immigration coverage before and during the crisis years. We focus specifically on the actors that get the opportunity to voice their point of view on immigration and on the issues related to immigration. Our results show that before the crisis, immigration news coverage on the commercial and public service broadcaster was relatively similar. However, during the crisis their approach changes. The commercial broadcaster criminalizes immigration more and focuses on political actors. The public broadcaster opts for a broader issue approach and gives the word more to citizens and immigrants during the crisis. We elaborate in the conclusion on how crises can change the nature of reporting.  相似文献   

20.
From the late 1920s, all radio broadcasting in the United Kingdom was undertaken by a public sector broadcaster—the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Television was also the exclusive preserve of the BBC until the mid-1950s, when advertiser-supported commercial stations came into existence. This form of competition for audiences, but not for finance, between two broadcasting sectors—called by some a 'comfortable duopoly'—persisted until the late 1980s when the government permitted competitive entry by cable and satellite operators, introduced competition for advertising revenue between terrestrial stations, and placed commercial television broadcasting on a more competitive footing by introducing tendering for franchises. As these changes have occurred, the BBC has maintained its traditional system of regulation and has continued to operate under a Royal Charter. Although the expiry of the current Charter at the end of 1996 has provoked a debate about the role of the BBC, the government has stated its intention to renew the Charter for another 10 years. It seems likely that, until the year 2002 at least, the current system of regulating and financing public Service broadcasting in the United Kingdom will remain intact. However, the proliferation of channels represents a threat to the BBC's audience base. There may also be difficulties in combining within the same organization a public service mission and highly commercial activities, undertaken in a very competitive world market.  相似文献   

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