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We study youth materialism as an antecedent of problematic smartphone dependency among adolescents. Based on Uses and Gratifications theory and the I-PACE framework, we consider process- and social-oriented smartphones as mediators in the relationship between youth materialism and problematic smartphone dependency. Using data from 463 French late adolescents (mean 16.8 years; 58 % female), known as digital natives, we demonstrate that paths differ depending on gender. For girls, youth materialism is positively related to problematic smartphone dependency via social-oriented smartphone use, whereas this relationship is nonsignificant for boys. Moreover, youth materialism is positively related to problematic smartphone dependency via process-oriented smartphone use for both boys and girls, but the relationship is stronger for boys than for girls. We discuss the implications of these results for business and social policies. 相似文献
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Smartphone use while driving causes car crashes, injuries and high death rates. To date, there is little research into what motivates frequent smartphone use while driving. In this study, we draw on psychological research indicating that personality profiles defined as constellations of multiple personality traits, influence individual beliefs and behaviors. We apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to survey data to derive profiles of drivers who use their smartphone frequently while driving. Our results indicate that personality profiles affect smartphone use behavior while driving and that three equifinal profiles, i.e. distinct constellations of the big five personality traits, influence frequent smartphone use while driving. Interestingly, a single trait can be low in one profile and high in another profile and, depending on the other traits, both profiles might reflect drivers using their smartphone frequently. We contribute to the literature that frequent smartphone use while driving is, to some degree, grounded in personality and that just looking at singular traits can yield misleading results. Complementing these theoretical insights by post-survey interviews, we can reveal distinct measures that reduce frequent smartphone use for each of the three profiles. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]对智能手机用户信息安全行为意愿进行研究,可以帮助相关的政府或组织更好地提供针对性的信息安全教育和培训。[过程/方法]本文基于社会认知理论,建立智能手机用户信息安全行为意愿影响因素的概念模型,通过调查问卷收集数据并利用结构方程模型进行验证。[结果/结论]研究发现：感知威胁、反应效能、控制倾向和描述性规范对智能手机用户的信息安全行为意愿具有显著的正向影响,自我效能对行为意愿的影响不显著;作为社会环境的因素之一,描述性规范对感知威胁、反应效能、自我效能和控制倾向均有显著的影响。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2016,36(3):245-257
With the growth and competition of the smartphone industry, developing a better understanding of what drives consumers' loyalty to smartphone brands has become an important issue for academics and practitioners. This study hypothesizes four determinants of smartphone brand loyalty based on the perspectives of consumer value and consumer-brand identification. Furthermore, this study also explores the moderating effects of age and gender differences on the determination process of smartphone brand loyalty. Data collected from 157 respondents was tested against the research model using a partial least squares (PLS) approach. The results indicate that functional value, emotional value, social value, and brand identification have a positive influence on smartphone brand loyalty. Of the two moderators, results show that age enhances the emotional value-brand loyalty and social value-brand loyalty linkages but weakens the brand identification-brand loyalty relationship. However, gender does not play a moderating role in the determination of smartphone brand loyalty. The results of this study provide several important theoretical and practical implications for smartphone brand management. 相似文献
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基于信息技术用户接受理论的ERP系统实施模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
企业资源计划(ERP)系统实施的成功率问题成为信息系统领域研究的热点,其中用户对系统的接受程度不高是造成ERP系统实施失败的主要原因之一。对国外已有的信息技术接受理论和ERP系统实施方面的研究进行评述,在前人研究的基础上将用户接受理论引入到ERP系统实施的研究中,构建ERP系统实施的用户接受概念模型,并对未来的研究方向进行了预测。 相似文献
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Despite significant theoretical and empirical attention on public value creation in the public sector, the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) use and value creation from the citizen perspective remains poorly understood. We ground our study in Moore’s public value management to examine the relationship between AI use and value creation. We conceptually categorize public service value into public value and private value. We use procedural justice and trust in government as indicators of public value and, based on motivation theory, we use perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment as indicators of private value. A field survey of 492 AI voice robot users in China was conducted to test our model. The results indicated that the effective use of AI voice robots was significantly associated with private value and procedural justice. However, the relationship between the effective use of AI and trust in government was not found to be significant. Surprisingly, the respondents indicated that private value had a greater effect on overall value creation than public value. This contrasts with the common idea that value creation from the government perspective suggests that social objectives requiring public value are more important to citizens. The results also show that gender and citizens with different experiences show different AI usage behaviors. 相似文献
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基于SECI的软件需求获取过程中知识转移模式研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
需求获取过程本质上是对用户以及相关人员的知识管理过程,用户方(客户)和开发方的知识不对称是矛盾产生的本质。运用SECI模型和不对称知识流,分析了需求过程中的知识转化,根据知识沟通的特性和软件需求获取中知识传递的特点,提出了需求获取过程中的知识转移模型,并用该模型对具体案例进行了分析。 相似文献
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运用博弈论的方法，构建了集群中企业合作创新的网络模型，分析了企业合作的动机，合作网络的形成及其结构和特性。研究表明，由于连接成本和溢出效应的存在，均衡的创新网络不一定是有效的创新网络。 相似文献
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基于认知科学的研究提出一个新颖的计算模型用于物体识别.特征整合理论为计算模型提供了总体路线.基于最大熵原理构建学习过程,获得必要的先验知识构成认知网络.利用认知网络,将底层的图像特征和高层知识捆绑起来.利用条件随机场的基本概念和原理建模捆绑过程.将计算模型应用于现实世界的物体识别,在标准图像库上进行评估,取得了很好的效果. 相似文献
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Unified modeling and analysis of a proportional valve 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Developments in nonlinear control theory have made it possible to design controllers for systems having non-smooth nonlinearities in their dynamics. Hydraulic systems that use inexpensive proportional valves are examples of such systems, where nonlinearities arise due to valve geometry and spool imperfections. Without a proper valve model, however, nonlinear analysis and control of these hydraulic systems is not possible.We have developed nonlinear equations for a generic proportional valve model and have used them to obtain simplified flow rate expressions under generally accepted assumptions. These equations relate a set of geometric spool properties and physical model parameters to the flow rate through the valve ports. The development focuses on obtaining a single set of flow rate equations applicable to critical center, overlapped, and underlapped proportional valves. These unified model equations are useful for simulation and nonlinear controller design. We have also demonstrated that the errors incurred when using the unified valve model are dependent on the damping coefficient alone and are less than 10% in the frequency range within which most valves are used. 相似文献
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《The Information Society》2012,28(1):1-18
AbstractIn this article I explore use patterns and perceptions of cellphone and smartphone use among Old Order Amish and Ultra-Orthodox Jewish women with participant observations, interviews, and a survey. My findings show that although they differ in their cellphone use (the Amish mostly do not use them and the Ultra-Orthodox only use those deemed to be “kosher”), they concur in their nonuse of smartphones – they see the smartphone as impure. Both view smartphones as undermining social relations and community by distracting users away from friends and family. 相似文献
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Systematic characterization of degas-driven flow for poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Degas-driven flow is a novel phenomenon used to propel fluids in poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based microfluidic devices without requiring any external power. This method takes advantage of the inherently high porosity and air solubility of PDMS by removing air molecules from the bulk PDMS before initiating the flow. The dynamics of degas-driven flow are dependent on the channel and device geometries and are highly sensitive to temporal parameters. These dependencies have not been fully characterized, hindering broad use of degas-driven flow as a microfluidic pumping mechanism. Here, we characterize, for the first time, the effect of various parameters on the dynamics of degas-driven flow, including channel geometry, PDMS thickness, PDMS exposure area, vacuum degassing time, and idle time at atmospheric pressure before loading. We investigate the effect of these parameters on flow velocity as well as channel fill time for the degas-driven flow process. Using our devices, we achieved reproducible flow with a standard deviation of less than 8% for flow velocity, as well as maximum flow rates of up to 3 nL∕s and mean flow rates of approximately 1-1.5 nL∕s. Parameters such as channel surface area and PDMS chip exposure area were found to have negligible impact on degas-driven flow dynamics, whereas channel cross-sectional area, degas time, PDMS thickness, and idle time were found to have a larger impact. In addition, we develop a physical model that can predict mean flow velocities within 6% of experimental values and can be used as a tool for future design of PDMS-based microfluidic devices that utilize degas-driven flow. 相似文献
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In this paper, we propose a novel approach to automatic generation of summary templates from given collections of summary articles. We first develop an entity-aspect LDA model to simultaneously cluster both sentences and words into aspects. We then apply frequent subtree pattern mining on the dependency parse trees of the clustered and labeled sentences to discover sentence patterns that well represent the aspects. Finally, we use the generated templates to construct summaries for new entities. Key features of our method include automatic grouping of semantically related sentence patterns and automatic identification of template slots that need to be filled in. Also, we implement a new sentence compression algorithm which use dependency tree instead of parser tree. We apply our method on five Wikipedia entity categories and compare our method with three baseline methods. Both quantitative evaluation based on human judgment and qualitative comparison demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of our method. 相似文献
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作为企业商务模式的重要部分,产品创新模式在互联网生态环境下呈现出了崭新的特点。本文以快速成长的智能手机公司小米为案例探讨互联网环境中的产品创新模式,有三个主要发现:1)小米充分利用互联网生态环境,聚焦互联网的客户群特征并采用最新互联网工具和平台激励客户参与小米研发;2)与传统开放式创新不同的是,小米不仅创新思路来自客户,并且在产品创新全过程都深度把客户卷入进来,在产品研发各阶段用众包方式与客户无缝合作,充分利用客户的认知盈余;3)与传统创新管理分阶段线性流程不同的是,小米创新过程采用小团队全程负责,每个创新阶段无缝对接,迭代开发、循环往复。我们认为这个模式呈现了独特性,可称为为"无缝开放式创新"。小米模式已经成为众多企业学习和模仿的对象,因此对这种模式更深入和广泛的研究对进一步夯实理论是有意义的。 相似文献
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Organization of airway epithelium determines ciliary beat direction and coordination for proper mucociliary clearance. Fluidic shear stresses have the potential to influence ciliary organization. Here, an in vitro fluidic flow system was developed for inducing long-term airflow shear stresses on airway epithelium with a view to influencing epithelial organization. Our system consists of a fluidic device for cell culture, integrated into a humidified airflow circuit. The fluidic device has a modular design and is made from a combination of polystyrene and adhesive components incorporated into a 6-well filter membrane insert. We demonstrate the system operates within physiologically relevant shear and pressure ranges and estimate the shear stress exerted on the epithelial cell layer as a result of air flow using a computational model. For both the bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS2B and primary human tracheal airway epithelial cells, we demonstrate that cells remain viable within the device when exposed to airflow for 24 h and that normal differentiation and cilia formation occurs. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utility of our device for exploring the impact of exposing cells to airflow: our tool enables quantification of cytoskeletal organization, and is compatible with in situ bead assays to assess the orientation of cilia beating. 相似文献
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本文借用波特在国家竞争优势理论中钻石模型的概念，分析了科技秘密这一特殊的信息流，着眼于科技秘密产生消亡的整个过程，将科技泄密的各个环节：产生、保存、传播与利用以及人员等要素整合在一起，使之成为一个系统。从整体上把握科技秘密流通的各个环节，动态的分析科技秘密从产生到消亡的过程，力求在科技泄密原因和途径的分析中有所贡献。 相似文献
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经济发展、外部约束与知识产权保护的实证研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
世界样本的实证研究发现,经济发展和知识产权保护强度之间的关系不是传统文献中简单的线性关系,而是呈现右偏的"S"型关系.具体而言,对于发展中国家,两者之间存在"U"型关系,而发达国家则是倒"U"型关系.同时发现,发展中国家和地区由于受到诸多外部约束,其知识产权制度变迁体现出强制性变迁的特征;而发达国家的知识产权制度变迁则更多地体现出内部自发的诱致性特点.具体而言,FDI存量、进出口贸易和虚拟变量WTO等外部因素对发展中国家和地区的知识产权保护水平的选择产生了重要影响.发达国家分组回归结果表明,进出口贸易、教育和虚拟变量WTO对知识产权保护影响在统计上并不显著.针对发展中国家和地区的分位数回归结果显示,人均GDP、进出口贸易在低分位数水平上显著;FDI存量在分位数中端水平上显著;教育水平和虚拟变量WTO在所有的分位数水平上显著. 相似文献