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1.
A bulk of research has shown strong relationships between metacognition, creative thinking, autonomy support, and self-efficacy among teachers. However, we could not find research with a large sample of teachers exploring the mediating effects of creative thinking and metacognition on the relationship between autonomy support and self-efficacy. A need for a novel structural equation model (Covariance-based) underlying psychological rationality of said relationships was deemed actual. To that end, firstly the effects of teachers' autonomy support (opportunity and decision-making) on teachers' creative thinking, metacognition, and self-efficacy were tested. Then, the mediating effects of metacognition and creative thinking on the relationship between teachers' autonomy support and teachers' self-efficacy were explored. A simple random-sampling method was utilized to gather 787 teachers' data. The results revealed that decision-making and autonomy opportunity predicted creative thinking, metacognition, and self-efficacy positively and meaningfully. Subsequently, creative thinking as well as metacognition had mediating effects on the effects of autonomy opportunity and decision-making on self-efficacy. In closing, for boosting teachers' skills in autonomy support and self-efficacy, attention should be given to fostering their creative thinking as well as metacognition. The study provides implications and suggestions for research on school psychology and improvement. 相似文献
2.
Abstact This article reviews content analysis studies aimed to assess critical thinking in computer-mediated communication. It also discusses theories and content analysis models that encourage critical thinking skills in asynchronous learning environments and reviews theories and factors that may foster critical thinking skills and new knowledge construction. 相似文献
3.
Shirley Larkin 《Thinking Skills and Creativity》2009,4(3):149-159
Writing can be viewed as a recursive process involving both cognitive and metacognitive processes. Task, environment, individual cognition and affective processes all impact on producing written text. Recent research on the development of metacognition in young children has highlighted social constructivist and socio-cultural factors. Metacognition is seen as facilitated through collaborative tasks and through talk. This study investigated the peer construction of metacognition in 5-7-year-old children engaged on collaborative writing tasks. Six year 1 and year 2 classes were involved in the project (n = 172). 25 h of video observation data, teacher and researcher reflections and structured field notes were analysed qualitatively using ATLAS ti software. The written texts produced in these sessions were analysed using a qualitative content analysis, looking specifically for evidence of the process of text construction and metacognition. The findings provide evidence of young children's ability to engage in metacognitive talk and to use metacognition intentionally in the co-construction of written texts. The relationships between children and their talk partners mediated the effect of pre-determined ability in literacy. Teachers’ direct questioning aimed at reflection on the writing process did not always support metacognitive dialogues. Drawing on recent models of metacognition and writing the paper highlights the role of social factors in developing metacognition and illustrates the ways in which young children negotiate task demands during shared writing tasks. 相似文献
4.
《Journal of moral education》2012,41(3):387-389
Kohlberg's theory of moral development explores the roles of cognition and emotion but focuses primarily on cognition. Contemporary post‐formal theories lead to the conclusion that skills resulting from cognitive‐affective integration facilitate consistency between moral judgement and moral behaviour. Rest's four‐component model of moral development delineates these skills specifically. The components, moral motivation, moral sensitivity, moral reasoning and moral character, operate as multidimensional processes that facilitate moral development and subsequently promote moral behaviour. The relationships between these components have been relatively unexplored, thereby missing the opportunity to unpack the processes underlying moral growth and development. In this study, moral motivation (spirituality), moral sensitivity (post‐formal skills) and moral reasoning are operationalized to examine the mediational effects of moral sensitivity of medical students. In the complex moral environment of medical students opportunities arise to question values and develop cognitive‐affective skills, among them spirituality and post‐formal thinking which are linked to increases in post‐conventional moral reasoning. The models tested indicate that moral sensitivity mediates the relationship between moral motivation and moral reasoning. 相似文献
5.
Julie Dangremond Stanton Xyanthe N. Neider Isaura J. Gallegos Nicole C. Clark 《CBE life sciences education》2015,14(2)
Strong metacognition skills are associated with learning outcomes and student performance. Metacognition includes metacognitive knowledge—our awareness of our thinking—and metacognitive regulation—how we control our thinking to facilitate learning. In this study, we targeted metacognitive regulation by guiding students through self-evaluation assignments following the first and second exams in a large introductory biology course (n = 245). We coded these assignments for evidence of three key metacognitive-regulation skills: monitoring, evaluating, and planning. We found that nearly all students were willing to take a different approach to studying but showed varying abilities to monitor, evaluate, and plan their learning strategies. Although many students were able to outline a study plan for the second exam that could effectively address issues they identified in preparing for the first exam, only half reported that they followed their plans. Our data suggest that prompting students to use metacognitive-regulation skills is effective for some students, but others need help with metacognitive knowledge to execute the learning strategies they select. Using these results, we propose a continuum of metacognitive regulation in introductory biology students. By refining this model through further study, we aim to more effectively target metacognitive development in undergraduate biology students. 相似文献
6.
Meaningful discussion that facilitates reflective thinking can be initiated when learners raise thoughtful questions or provide
critical feedback; however, generating effective questions requires a certain level of domain knowledge and metacognitive
skills of the question-askers. We propose a peer-questioning scaffolding framework intended to facilitate metacognition and
learning through scaffolding effective peer-questioning in online discussion. This framework assumes that novice students
who lack domain and metacognitive knowledge can be scaffolded to generate meaningful interactions at an early stage of learning
and the resulting peer-generated adaptive questions can facilitate learners’ metacognition. Thus, this study investigated
the effects of providing online scaffolding for generating adaptive questions to peers during online small group discussion.
A field experimental time-series control-group design was employed as a mixed model for the research design. Thirty-nine college
students from an online introductory class on turfgrass management participated in the study. The findings revealed that the
scaffolds were useful to increase the frequency of student questioning behavior during online discussion. For some students,
the online guidance reportedly served as “a starting point” to generate questions when they had difficulty asking questions.
However, the guidance did not improve the quality of questions and thus learning outcomes. The interview data indicated that
peer-generated adaptive questions served a critical role in facilitating learner’s reflection and knowledge reconstruction.
Further study should focus on the quality improvement of peer-generated questions while considering adaptive and dynamic forms
of scaffolding and intermediate factors such as prior knowledge, metacognition, task complexity, and scaffolding type. 相似文献
7.
Problem-based learning and the development of metacognition 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kevin Downing Theresa Kwong Sui-Wah Chan Tsz-Fung Lam Woo-Kyung Downing 《Higher Education》2009,57(5):609-621
This study samples first year undergraduates from two programmes at a Hong Kong University (N = 66). One programme uses an entirely problem-based approach to learning and teaching, whilst the other uses more traditional
methods. Using the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) as a measure of student perceptions of their thinking,
or metacognition it explores differences in metacognitive development between each group of students between the beginning
and end of their first year in each programme. The paper argues that, in addition to the formal learning context, everyday
challenges emerging from the additional new social contexts provided by problem-based curricula provide fertile environments
for the development of metacognition because whilst the highest ‘meta-level’ of cognition is usually not implicated when we
receive an outside task and when the task solution is known, the meta-level does tend to be consulted when things go wrong
or when the situation is new. In other words, when we are faced with finding solutions to a problem whether posed by the teacher
as part of a problem-based curriculum or a new social environment, we are more likely to develop generic, as well as subject
specific skills. 相似文献
8.
黄雅丹 《沈阳教育学院学报》2010,12(1):51-53
论述了元认知是关于思考的思考,其在学习过程中发挥着重要的作用,元认知能力的提高决定了学生学习能力的提高。并结合元认知和认知之间的关系及听力教学的特点,分析了元认知在英语听力教学策略当中的应用,认为培养学生元认知能力是提高学生学习能力的有效途径。 相似文献
9.
Petros Georghiades 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(3):365-383
This paper discusses the notion of metacognition, which is usually defined as ‘cognitions about cognitions’, or ‘thinking about one's own thinking’. In so doing, it reviews the literature on metacognition over the past three decades, listing different definitions of the term and identifying diverse origins of processes metacognitive. Aspects of the nature of metacognition are discussed, highlighting some of its important yet problematic dimensions, and the potentially positive impact metacognition can have on the learning process is addressed. The paper also relates metacognition to the broader area of general thinking skills and discusses the appropriateness of practising metacognition with primary school children. The paper concludes with a synopsis of research in the outcomes of metacognition, in general, and in science education, in particular, highlighting recent interest in blending metacognitive thinking with science subject matter. Directions for research in science education with an interest in metacognition are also proposed. 相似文献
10.
Giovanna Perricone M. Regina Morales Germana Anzalone 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2013,28(4):1333-1343
The study investigates the preschool readiness of moderately preterm children and, in particular, the likely presence of learning disabilities at preschool age. Its theoretical model detects linguistic comprehension and expression; memory-related metacognition and cognition skills; orientation and motor coordination skills; premathematics and preliteracy ones. The research project involved an experimental group made up of 55 moderately preterm children (mean age?=?62 months, mean gestational age?=?34.6 weeks), without any clinical neonatal complications, and low birth weight (M?=?2,100 g, SD?=?350 g); a control group made up of 55 full-term children without pre- and perinatal complications. The children’s primary school reference teachers were given a questionnaire (Observative Questionnaire for Early Identification of Learning Disabilities), which was aimed at identifying any likely social and cognitive skill deficits at preschool age. The data, submitted to nonparametric univariate variance, show how scores of moderately preterm children in the metacognition [U (n1 e?n2?=?55)?=?35, p?=?0.04, r?=?0.49] are statistically lower, other cognitive skills (memory, orientation, and visual–motor coordination) [U (n1?e?n2?=?55)?=?32, p?=?0.02, r?=?0.45], premathematics [U (n1?e?n2?=?55)?=?32, p?=?0.02, r?=?0.44], and the total score [U (n1?e?n2?=?55)?=?31, p?=?0.02, r?=?0.12]. Such data would seem to suggest the need for hypothesizing preventive training and educational paths as a prerequisite for the development of the school abilities. 相似文献
11.
Phil Chambers 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》1999,30(2):151-162
Few would dispute the efficacy of multimedia technology and the world wide web in promoting declarative knowledge or the acquisition of facts. It is the argument of this paper however that, apart from assisting a learner in "knowing that", these technologies are underestimated in their capacity to facilitate intellectual skills—procedural knowledge or "knowing how". Via examples from children employing information handling skills with a CD-ROM, this paper attempts to illustrate the ways in which new technologies support and enhance a range of skills associated with deep level processing and meaningful learning such as metacognition, problem solving and critical thinking. 相似文献
12.
黄薇 《蒙自师范高等专科学校学报》2006,4(4):86-88
对外汉语听力课是为以汉语作为第二语言学习的学生开设的听力理解训练课。听力理解是一个复杂的心理活动的过程,因此对外汉语听力教学的重点就应该针对在学习过程中容易碰到的障碍,有意识地培养学生的认知与元认知能力,通过对学生进行多种形式的微技能训练,提高其听力理解能力,从而提高对语言实际运用的能力。 相似文献
13.
This paper is linked to a previous paper outlining an evaluation of a thinking skills intervention (Burke & Williams, 2008). Following extensive requests for the assessment tools used in the intervention, this short paper presents the development and potential uses of two thinking skills assessment tools. The aim of the paper is simply to make these measures available for other researchers to use, adapt and extend them in future research. The Assessment of Pupils Thinking Skills (APTS) measure is a 14-item measure of a range of thinking skills and metacognition. The assessment can be used to provide a comparative measure across thinking skills or to provide a sum score of thinking skills and raise metacognitive awareness of thinking skills. It can be used to assess thinking skills interventions and to monitor change in thinking skills over time among 9 to 12-year-olds. The Individual Thinking Skills Assessments (ITSA) are six more in-depth measures of specific thinking skills that can be used before, during or after interventions to provide more detailed information on children's individual thinking skills. The APTS and the ITSA can be used separately or in conjunction to assess thinking skills and change in thinking skills among older children. 相似文献
14.
The concept of metacognition is one of the most important developments in the contemporary study of cognition, especially with regard to problem solving and the transfer of cognitive skills. Its study has followed the experimental paradigm with researchers looking for universal principles; metacognition has only a small role to play in looking for explanations of individual differences in cognition. In this paper we are attempting a theoretical analysis of a number of interrelated issues with regard to their importance for metacognition in the light of some current empirical work. It considers mainly the role of these processes in strategy selection, especially in light of the impasse‐based theories of problem solving, and explores the relationship of individual differences to metacognition. 相似文献
15.
One of the central unresolved conceptual issues that concerns researchers of personal epistemology is the characterization of the intersection between personal epistemology and metacognition. The contested and diverse nature of both constructs makes untangling their connections a complex yet vital task. The purpose of this article is to advance the discussion regarding this intersection by offering a theoretical approach that may serve as a basis for analyzing epistemic thinking and aligning it with current views of metacognition. Based on a synthesis of theoretical and empirical studies, we argue that epistemic thinking is a multifaceted construct with both cognitive and metacognitive aspects. Furthermore, we propose that epistemic metacognition includes several aspects such as metacognitive skills; metacognitive knowledge about persons, strategies and tasks; and metacognitive experiences. The theoretical, methodological, and instructional implications of this approach are explored. 相似文献
16.
This study explored how elementary teachers leveraged and structured student-involved formative assessment to promote metacognition and self-regulation. Research has suggested a connection between formative assessment practices (e.g., self-assessment and peer-assessment) and metacognition. However, this connection has limited empirical support, especially within early elementary contexts (i.e. Grades K-4). In this study, 44 Ontario elementary teachers completed a survey reporting their teaching and assessment practices and beliefs about metacognition. Five participants were then purposefully selected for semi-structured interviews to describe their experiences developing students’ metacognition and self-regulatory capabilities through student-involved assessment processes. Data were inductively and thematically analysed. Participants emphasized the value of assessment as learning practices (e.g., self-assessment and reflective thinking) to develop students’ metacognition and discussed the need for ongoing student feedback regarding metacognitive strategies. However, despite purposefully implementing formative assessment to enhance metacognition and self-regulation, participants articulated the need for additional resources to support the cultural shift towards assessment for and as learning within their classrooms. 相似文献
17.
This experiment investigated the impact of critical thinking dispositions and instructions on economics students' performance on reasoning skills. Participants (N = 183) were exposed to one of four conditions: critical thinking instruction, critical thinking instruction with self-explanation prompts during subsequent practice, critical thinking instruction with activation prompts during subsequent practice, or no critical thinking instruction or prompts (control). In all conditions, practice was a within-subjects factor, some task categories present in the test were practiced on a business case, others were not. Participants in the instruction conditions significantly outperformed participants in the control condition on the immediate and delayed post-test, but only on the practiced task categories – with the exception of the self-explanations condition, which also showed a better performance than the control condition on not-practiced categories, though only on the immediate post-test. Dispositions (i.e., Actively Open-minded Thinking and Need for Cognition) predicted reasoning skills at pre-test but did not interact with instructions on post-tests performances. 相似文献
18.
Promoting general metacognitive awareness 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
I describe two aspects of metacognition, knowledge of cognition and regulation of cognition, and how they are related to domain-specific knowledge and cognitive abilities. I argue that metacognitive knowledge is multidimensional, domain-general in nature, and teachable. Four instructional strategies are described for promoting the construction and acquisition of metacognitive awareness. These include promoting general awareness, improving self-knowledge and regulatory skills, and promoting learning environments that are conducive to the construction and use of metacognition. 相似文献
19.
Structured thinking activities (STAs) are pedagogical tools used to support metacognition in classrooms. Despite their popularity, little is known about how pupils use STAs as platforms to think about and manage their own thinking (i.e. as metacognitive tools). This case study investigated pupils’ use of STAs in relation to metacognition throughout a school year. We focus on two 8-year-old pupils, Amy and Laura, as they completed two specific STAs through weekly class meets and termly achievement logs. Data were triangulated through participant observation, qualitative interviews and analysis of written texts. We found clear differences between Laura's and Amy's written STAs, however observation and interviews revealed that engagement with STAs was similar beyond that suggested by the written evidence alone. Whereas Amy used easily spelt ‘stock’ responses, Laura used ‘bare minimum’ responses to meet teacher expectations. As such, neither Amy nor Laura used STAs as metacognitive tools, however in negotiating STAs, both exhibited strategic regulatory skills indicative of metacognition. Whilst our findings highlight that pupils may still be developing explicit metacognitive knowledge necessary to take full advantage of STAs, we highlight the clear value of persistent approaches to using STAs as tools to support developing metacognition, particularly in association with teacher–pupil interactions. 相似文献