共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
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秦万祥 《宁波教育学院学报》2010,12(1):46-49
推理是语篇中没有明确提到却被激活的信息,或从语篇已知的语义信息中产生新语义信息的过程。对推理的研究一直是语篇阅读理解研究关键。通过从国外语篇推理研究的三个阶段、语篇理解中推理的分类以及语篇理解的推理理论与模型三个方面对国外语篇理解中的推理研究进行总结、回顾和探讨,希望有助于对语篇阅读理解的研究。 相似文献
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吴燕丽 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2008,28(9):126-127
阅读是读者获取综合信息的过程。阅读教学不仅仅指语言形式和字面意思的理解,而是将阅读作为整体进行语篇分析。阅读教学中运用语篇分析方法将语言单位放在语篇水平上来理解,对培养学生的阅读理解能力,发展语言交际能力,提高阅读水平有着促进作用。 相似文献
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李留涛 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2014,(3):354-355
词汇推理是二语阅读中关键的环节之一。本文从读者因素和篇章因素两个方面对影响词汇推理的因素展开分析,读者因素从二语习得者的词汇知识、对主题的熟悉程度和二语习得者的语言水平三个主要方面来展开讨论;篇章因素主要从生词因素和语境因素这两个方面展开阐述。随着未来对词汇推理研究的深入,我们将会对词汇加工的过程有更加深入的了解。 相似文献
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作为语言输入的重要途径,阅读主要涉及对语篇的理解,而作为语用现象存在的预设在语篇中具有衔接和连贯的作用。在英语阅读教学实践中,特别是对文学作品的阅读理解方面,将语用预设理论运用到语篇分析中,有助于帮助真实读者重塑作品中的隐含读者,掌握语篇知识,从而提高学生的语用推理能力和阅读理解水平。 相似文献
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阅读是一个复杂的心理语言活动过程，是作、语言信息和读三方面共同作用的结果。阅读理解实际上是一个人的概念能力、背景知识和加工策略三之间相互作用的结果。语篇阅读教学的目的是把阅读材料的感知输入转化为对阅读材料的最佳理解过程。章阐述了语篇语言学的四种理论模式，分析了三种语篇阅读的推理模式，并提出了语篇阅读的具体处理过程和方法。 相似文献
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刘秀明 《河南广播电视大学学报》2006,19(1):52-54
连贯(coherence)是语篇的基本特征,在语篇理解中起重要作用。推理是语篇理解者构建语篇连贯的重要手段之一,因而也是构成语篇理解的基础。推理不仅仅涉及语篇信息的长时表征,也包括与连贯有关的信息短时激活,在语篇理解和信息加工系统中有其特定的制约和激发机制,语篇连贯离不开推理。文章探讨了推理(inference)和连贯的关系及其在语篇理解中的作用。 相似文献
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潘超 《潍坊教育学院学报》2010,23(1):86-88
信息性是语篇的构成标准之一。语篇信息度按照一般可能性区域分为三个等级。读者在语篇解读时需要激活头脑中的信息图式来填补信息空缺,从而确保解读的连续性。基于语篇信息性及信息性与图式的密切关系,笔者就宏观语篇解读提出了降级阅读、明确阅读目的、识别语篇要点、构建语篇整体结构、积极阅读五项语篇解读策略。 相似文献
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语篇阅读教学是一种融预期，多种阅读、语言习得、学法指导及能力培养为一体的综合教学方法，它体现了交际教学和素质教育思想，是培养学生阅读能力的有效方法。因此，在高中英语语篇教学中应注意：1．转变教学思想，确立语篇概念。2．将阅读预期作为语篇阅读的必要准备过程。3．进行快速阅读。4．经心详读，记取细节，深化语篇阅读的效果，最后达到语言习得的目的。 相似文献
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李其云 《南阳师范学院学报》2012,11(4):119-121
评价系统主要是用来分析语篇的人际意义,而作为语篇分析为主的英语阅读教学则主要是通过学习者对其文本中的各种语言信息或标记及语篇的结构特征进行分析来达到学习者对所阅读的文本研究和理解的目的。通过评价理论的学习,可以帮助英语阅读者自主地掌握和不断地提高英语阅读的水平和理解的能力,进一步达到英语学习的最终目的。 相似文献
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Multimodal education materials are pervasive in language learning. This study investigated the causal mechanisms of multimodal reading effects in first language (L1) and second language (L2). Seventy-five adult bilingual readers in Hong Kong read Chinese and English passages with different degrees of picture-word integration in a within-subject design. Results showed that tight text-picture integration facilitated better comprehension than independent text-picture presentation in L2, but not L1. Perceived ease and interest differentially mediated multimodal reading performance for L1 and L2 passages. Importantly, separate images in L2 passages led to poorer comprehension accuracy relative to plain text, but tended to have higher ratings of ease and interest, indicating that readers may be overconfident in their multimodal reading performance. In general, results support the notion that integration of text and pictures can moderate the process of meaning making, and these may differ depending on the language presented to a bilingual reader. 相似文献
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This article reports on an experimentinvestigating the impact of causal discoursemarkers (connectives and signaling phrases) onthe comprehension of expository texts in L1 andL2. Although several psycholinguistic studieshave investigated the impact of connectives andlexical markers of text structure oncomprehension (i.e. off-line), there is noconsensus on the exact effect of explicitdiscourse markers on text understanding; threedifferent findings are reported in theliterature: markers would have a facilitatingeffect, an interfering effect or no effect atall. The first goal of this article is toclarify this problem of contradicting resultsby limiting the scope of the study to causalrelations, and to one specific text type:expository texts. Furthermore, the naturalnessof the experimental texts was controlled,readers did not need specific backgroundknowledge to understand the texts and theexperimental method consisted of open answerquestioning. Our second goal is to investigateto what extent a supposed effect of linguisticmarking depends on readers proficiency in afirst or second language.The experiment consisted in the reading of short expository texts in two languages, Dutchand French, which both functioned as L1 and L2.The results indicate that readers benefit fromthe presence of causal relational markers bothin L1 and in L2. Implications for (theoriesof) text processing are discussed, as well asfor the further insights in readingcomprehension in L1 and L2. 相似文献
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任虎林 《外语教学理论与实践》2013,1(4):29-34
了解和把握句法结构培养程度对中国学习者处理英语复句能力的影响是英语教学质量保障的关键。 本研究采用问卷调查和阅读行为测试两种方法, 选取60名所受不同句法结构培养的中国英语学习者和20 名英国本族语者为样本, 对其在四种罕见英语复句形态结构复杂性、 语义通达性的判断及复句理解准确度方面的处理能力进行研究。 我们发现, 随着句法结构培养水平的提高, 中国学习者在英语复句理解准确度及语义通达性判断方面表现为超过或接近英语本族语者的趋势 ; 而在复句形态结构复杂性判断方面却没有表现出随句法结构培养水平的提高而呈上升的趋势。 此外, 由于句法结构培养水平的不同, 中国学习者在英语复句的处理方法上受句法结构和语义因素的影响也有差异 。 相似文献
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Marsha Bensoussan 《Journal of Research in Reading》1998,21(3):213-227
Schemata are known to play an important a role in reading comprehension. Comprehension is seen as the interaction between top-down processing from activated schemata and bottom-up processing from concepts expressed by the text. If readers activate an inappropriate schema, they may miss the meaning of the text. The present study examines the effects of faulty schemata on reading comprehension. At the end of an advanced English reading course at Haifa University, a test of reading comprehension was administered to 125 students. One section of the test contained an advanced level text about love and marriage, a text close to the personal experience of the examinees. Using dictionaries, students translated expressions and sentences and answered short-answer comprehension questions in English. Results indicated that 23% of the wrong answers to the comprehension questions were driven by schemata which differed substantially from the actual content of the text. 相似文献
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进行了2个实验考察在正常阅读(实验1)与快速阅读条件下(实验2)标题及小标题对高低英语水平不同的大学生说明文阅读理解与信息保持的作用。结果表明：不论是正常阅读还是快速阅读,标题及小标题的呈现对读者说明文阅读理解与信息保持均有显著的促进作用,即阅读水平高者与低者都能从标题及小标题中受益,特别是在正常阅读条件下,提供标题与小标题对阅读水平低者的信息保持的促进作用比对高水平者的促进作用大得多。 相似文献
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Junko Yamashita 《Journal of Research in Reading》2002,25(1):81-95
The present study investigates the contribution of first language (L1) reading ability and second or foreign language (L2) proficiency to L2 reading comprehension, by focusing on the compensation between L1 reading ability and L2 proficiency. Two research questions were addressed: (1) does high L1 reading ability compensate for low L2 language proficiency? (2) does high L2 language proficiency compensate for low L1 reading ability? Participants were 241 Japanese university students learning English as a foreign language. They were divided into three levels (high, middle, low) according to the levels of their L1 reading ability and L2 language proficiency. Effects of these two factors on L2 reading ability were analysed by analysis of variance. A multiple regression analysis to estimate a compensation model was also applied. Results provided positive answers to both research questions. The present study thus demonstrates the mutual compensation between L1 reading ability and L2 proficiency, which works in order to achieve the highest possible level of L2 reading comprehension for readers with different ability backgrounds in L1 reading and L2 proficiency. 相似文献
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Young-Suk Kim 《Learning and individual differences》2012,22(6):690-700
We investigated the relations of L2 (i.e., English) oral reading fluency, silent reading fluency, word reading automaticity, oral language skills, and L1 literacy skills (i.e., Spanish) to L2 reading comprehension for Spanish-speaking English language learners in the first grade (N = 150). An analysis was conducted for the entire sample as well as for skilled and less skilled word readers. Results showed that word reading automaticity was strongly related to oral and silent reading fluency, but oral language skill was not. This was the case not only for the entire sample but also for subsamples of skilled and less skilled word readers, which is a discrepant finding from a study with English-only children (Kim et al., 2011). With regard to the relations among L2 oral language, text reading fluency, word reading automaticity, reading comprehension, and L1 literacy skills, patterns of relations were similar for skilled versus less skilled word readers with oral reading fluency, but different with silent reading fluency. When oral and silent reading fluency were in the model simultaneously, oral reading fluency, but not silent reading fluency, was uniquely related to reading comprehension. Children's L1 literacy skill was not uniquely related to reading comprehension after accounting for other L2 language and literacy skills. These results are discussed in light of a developmental theory of text reading fluency. 相似文献
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陈意德 《株洲师范高等专科学校学报》2000,5(2):91-93
将语篇理论运用于英语阅读有助于快速了解所读文章的大意和中心思想,调节阅读速度,较好地把握句子和段落的重心,提高阅读理解的效果. 相似文献
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The goal of this study is to examine the comprehension of global causal and temporal relations between events that are represented
in single hypertext documents. In two experiments we examined how reading sequences of hypertext nodes affects the establishment
of event relations and how this process can be supported by advanced organizers that provide either temporal or causal pre-information.
In the first experiment we could show that discourse structure affected recall of temporal event sequences only when causal
relations were absent. In a second experiment, the comprehension of either temporal or causal relations was facilitated by
providing different types of pre-information (advanced organizer). Temporal pre-information facilitated recall of temporal
event sequences without underlying causal relations. In contrast, causal pre-information facilitated recall of temporal event
sequences with causal relations. The results demonstrate that readers use causal information to construct temporal event sequences. 相似文献