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1.
奥林匹克运动产生于西方 ,现以发展成全球性的运动。奥林匹克运动不仅仅是体育竞技比赛和运动会 ,而且是一个特定的世界性的社会文化运动。当前 ,国人更多地是了解夏季奥林匹克运动 ,而对冬季奥林匹克运动的了解不是很多。如何使国人更深入了解冬季奥林匹克运动及其文化 ,首先应对奥林匹克与中国联系的历史有所了解 ,对指导这一运动的哲学思想和价值观有所认识 ,以便更多的人们参与 ,进而使国人在实践中 ,体验到奥林匹克是全人类的文化 ,中国应当作出自己的贡献。 相似文献
2.
Informal sports can be described by looking at its symbiotic structure: the three roles doing sports, facilitating sports and organizing sports, coincide. This paper discusses what this means for the sports activities of adolescents. The areas in which informal sports activities for adolescents take place as well as the social structure are shaped by this symbiotic structure: informal sport is about using and defining space to create new sports facilities. On the basis of ethnographic research this paper will analyze how one gets “into the game” in those special areas. Due to missing external organizations, individuals are confronted with entry barriers because of established outsider relations. The established members differ from outsiders in that they can realize their own idea of sport. Gender differences are an important aspect in this context which will exemplarily be reconstructed and analyzed at the end. 相似文献
3.
Collins M 《Journal of sports sciences》2004,22(8):727-740
This paper is a brief review of the concept of social exclusion and its evolution. I address which individuals are excluded from sport and physical activity and how; link inclusion policies to the 'cross-cutting issues' and the idea of social capital; and outline the intervention policies being adopted in the new sport strategy 'Game Plan' (). I address the link between transport, exercise and health in a case study. Since these policies are new, research and evaluation has been short term and scattered, and outcome measurements have not yet received academic or professional consensus, it is too soon to say for sure what works or even to confirm what is best practice. 相似文献
4.
Mike Collins 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):727-740
This paper is a brief review of the concept of social exclusion and its evolution. I address which individuals are excluded from sport and physical activity and how; link inclusion policies to the ‘cross-cutting issues’ and the idea of social capital; and outline the intervention policies being adopted in the new sport strategy ‘Game Plan’ (Department of Culture, Media and Sport, ). I address the link between transport, exercise and health in a case study. Since these policies are new, research and evaluation has been short term and scattered, and outcome measurements have not yet received academic or professional consensus, it is too soon to say for sure what works or even to confirm what is best practice. 相似文献
5.
Benjamin Sacks 《国际体育史杂志》2017,34(14):1483-1500
AbstractDuring the late-nineteenth century, imperial expansion increasingly produced what Louise Pratt terms ‘contact zones’ – ‘social spaces where cultures meet, clash and grapple with each other, often in contexts of highly asymmetrical relations of power’. Sport was one of the most visible spaces where this process took place. This paper uses the example of cricket in Samoa to demonstrate how different groups sought to control sport’s meaning amidst great uncertainty. Almost as soon as they began playing cricket, Samoans radically altered its method and meaning to create the distinctively Samoan game of kirikiti. This act established the cricket pitch as a ‘contested space’ between Samoans and foreigners, who were wary of kirikiti’s association with Samoan politics and customary exchange. As was the case in Samoa more generally, however, this struggle was not neatly divided between Samoans and foreigners. While missionaries and settlers portrayed the game as a threat, others – notably sailors and proponents of British influence – greeted it with relative enthusiasm. For their part, Samoans used the game to signal alignment with or against one or another Western power. Finally, Samoa’s growing ‘mixed-race’ community saw the game as a means of confirming their place in both the Samoan and European ‘worlds’. 相似文献
6.
Amit Gupta 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(2):257-276
The article argues that international cricket has not followed the path of other transnational sporting events which, typically, are dominated by developed countries. It is a game which the non-Western countries have begun to dominate not just on the field but, more importantly, in shaping the economics and politics of the game. The article suggests that this change, that is atypical of international sport, has come about because of processes within the globalization phenomenon particularly. These are the rise of a transnational community which can support its team across frontiers, the spread of technology that provides real time coverage of the sport; and the decline of the sport in its host country, thereby allowing alternative centres of power to emerge, especially in decision making. 相似文献
7.
高尔夫运动是一项早期苏格兰牧羊人自娱自乐的游戏,而随着历史的发展,这项游戏逐渐形成了具有典型的中世纪欧洲“绅士化”的一种“贵族运动”,并且这项运动在今天的社会化发展过程中,仍具有很大的社会影响。 相似文献
8.
当代传媒话语权下对女性体育文化的思考 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
传媒的声音遍布全球的每个角落,伴随传媒技术的提高,传媒对女性体育文化的影响和控制日趋加强。传媒是文化变动的、延续的载体,体现在女性体育文化领域方面,传媒运用电视、网络、报纸、广播等媒介工具,通过对文化的出版、播出、整合、构建,使女性体育文化不间断地被继承、扬弃、塑造。事以利弊而区之,从广度上来说,当代传媒正推动着女性体育文化为更多的人所认知,而与此同时,当代传媒的发展却给女性体育文化的健康、深度发展造成危机,女性原本薄弱的体育意识得不到强化。受社会父权制的影响,在收视率、点击率等因素的操纵下,媒体中有关女性体育内容的占有时间、占有版面少之又少。在网络传媒等传播体育文化的版面,女性以“足球宝贝”、“球星女友”、“赛车美女”等相对男性处于辅助地位的角色频繁、醒目出场,性感、漂亮、美丽的身体文化俨然成为女性体育文化的象征,女性体育文化正被传媒扭曲、利用和淡化。面对传媒话语的强权控制,本文对女性体育文化发展进行了初步的探讨。 相似文献
9.
《Sport in History》2013,33(2):271-295
This article investigates the cultural articulations between real and lawn tennis, starting from the invention of the game of lawn tennis in the late nineteenth century and looking at the negotiations which surrounded its birth. It analyses the seductions of the game through a focus on art and discourses around the game, in particular literary discourse. The first part analyses the ‘invention’ of the game and in particular the components of the sport as they were being defined. The second part looks at competing narratives of the invention of tennis. The third part focuses more specifically on artistic representations and literary definitions of tennis. The article concludes on the two aspects of tennis, social and competitive, and at the literature which emerges more specifically from a consideration of competitive tennis. 相似文献
10.
刀郎麦西热甫的体育运动形式分为舞蹈、游戏、短剧表演等,具有较强的地域性特色,其运动不仅是民族情感的释放,也是教育后代和体育文化传承的重要形式。但随着现代生活经济特征的凸显,刀郎地区麦西热甫活动的举办逐渐减少,其教育意义与民族传统文化传承受到威胁。 相似文献
11.
我国体育权利概念认识：困境与发展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
陈华荣 《天津体育学院学报》2009,24(6):499-503
体育权利主体多元说抹杀了体育权利的特殊性和独立性,体育权利社会经济基础说忽视了体育运动的独立发展原则,体育权利利益说混淆了体育权利与体育利益、体育权利与其他权利的区别,体育权利法定说窄化了体育权利的范围.研究给出了体育权利新的定义,即广义的体育权利包括所有在体育运动中产生或与体育运动相联系的权利.狭义的体育权利是指社会认可或法律承认的,人们参与体育活动、参加体育竞赛、接受体育教育、享受体育生活的资格和可能性.根据这一定义,体育权利的构成因素包括:主体因素是人,客观因素是体育活动、体育竞赛、体育教育和体育生活等活动和过程,内容因素是资格和可能性,形式因素是社会认可和法律规定;体育权利的存在方式包括:自主处分身体的权利、参赛权和竞赛权、合理的场地使用权、紧急救助权、规则保护权和体育自治权. 相似文献
12.
Peter Horton 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(8):1341-1368
Today we accept that football in its various forms is the predominant winter sport in Brisbane; in fact, it is reasonable to state that this is true globally. This paper examines the construction of identity of Brisbane and its people through football in the colony of Queensland during the 1880s. It demonstrates the centrality of sport in this process. The struggle over the choice of football code illustrates how sport was a feature of contested social and cultural terrains and how support for a game was a source of the construction of the identity of initially Brisbane and later Queensland. The paper further illustrates the centrality of the role of sport in the cultural hegemony of British imperialism and of the predominance of the ideology of athleticism in the public schools of colonial Australia. 相似文献
13.
Taking responsibility and creating social justice—in view of current social developments, e.g., the implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities or the influx of more than 1 million refugees in 2015—this demand is also becoming increasingly louder in the context of sport: different types of sport should help to solve social problems or to prevent social imbalances. To date, however, the assumption that sport can do justice to this task is empirically almost untenable. This article provides an introduction to modeling the topic of sport in social responsibility for the sport pedagogical discourse and presents action and research practices as well as research objectives using the example of a socially effective youth sport in school, clubs, and social work. Two research projects provide an example of the scientific contribution that sport pedagogy can make by examining approaches to sport-related social projects and their effectiveness. The evaluation of the WiO-Fit project was able to show how appropriate sport programs can “lure” socially and educationally disadvantaged youth who can be guided into appropriate coaching and counseling services, according to the individual problems outside of sports. The research results of the social project Gobox show the central role that intergenerational relationship management and language play when it comes to increasing the commitment of youth who would otherwise turn away from sports. This article not only highlights the potential of sport pedagogical research in this field, but also provides suggestions for interdisciplinary cooperation and research practice. 相似文献
14.
This paper aims to understand how pupils and teachers actions-in-context constitute being-a-pupil and being-a-teacher within a primary school physical education (PE) movement culture. Dewey and Bentley's theory of transaction, which views organism-in-environment-as-a-whole, enables the researcher to explore how actions-in-ongoing activities constitute and negotiate PE movement culture. Video footage from seven primary school PE lessons from a school in the West Midlands in the UK was analysed by focusing upon the ends-in-view of actions as they appeared through the educational content (what) and pedagogy (how) of the recorded PE experiences. Findings indicated that the movement culture within the school was a monoculture of looks-like-sport characterised by the privileging of the functional coordination of cooperative action. Three themes of pupils' and teachers' negotiation of the movement culture emerged U-turning, Knowing the game and Moving into and out of games. This movement culture required teachers to ensure pupils looked busy and reproduced cooperative looks-like-sport actions. In fulfilling this role, they struggled to negotiate between their knowledge of sport-for-real and directing pupils towards educational ends-in-view within games activities. Simply being good at sports was not a prerequisite for pupils' success in this movement culture. In order to re-actualise their knowledge of sport, pupils were required to negotiate the teacher's ‘how’ and ‘what’ by exploring what constituted cooperative actions within the spatial and social dimensions of the activities they were set. These findings suggest that if PE is to be more than just the reproduction of codified sport, careful adjustment and consideration of ends-in-view is of great importance. Without regard for the latter there is potential to create significant complexity for both teachers and pupils beyond that required by learning and performing sport. 相似文献
15.
Roslyn Kerr 《Sport in Society》2019,22(9):1589-1603
AbstractTalent identification is an example of a practice where ‘scientism threatens to engulf us all.’ Talent identification and development are areas where models perceived to be scientific have been uncritically adopted into sporting practice due to the belief that they represent best practice. In this article, I track the changing talent identification systems adopted in the sport of rhythmic gymnastics in New Zealand over approximately 20 years. The findings revealed that those in decision-making positions originally adopted the perspective of scientism in introducing a physical ability test which they perceived to have scientific value. However, scientific testing was later removed owing to the now empowered gymnastics coaches drawing on what Foucault referred to as local knowledge, acquired through their own experiences. Their experiences resulted in the coaches believing in the importance of what Latour described as social practices being more significant in talent identification than scientific testing. 相似文献
16.
《Sport in Society》2012,15(1):78-87
Media interactivity in the field of sport functions as both a lure and a way of transforming a viewer's relation to a game. Sport websites, along with the more traditional medium of television, have taken on the pedagogical task of acquainting a mass audience with a variety of sports and their rules, skills, histories and cultures, and by extension turning them into sport fans and consumers. Fantasy sport accentuates and intensifies, while also constituting a reaction against, this development: it can be seen as a form of escape from what many connoisseurs of sport doubtlessly consider sport has become: a commercialized, trivialized and hyperbolized media spectacle. At the same time, fantasy sport produces entirely new sets of relations between spectators as fans and sporting contests, and to a large extent transforms the visual regime of sport spectatorship. 相似文献
17.
唐炎 《上海体育学院学报》2012,(2):18-20
受制于文化本身并没有一个各方认同的精确定义,以及体育和体育文化的边界模糊这两重原因,用定义方式将体育文化具体化的方法难以形成有效的认识结果。认为,在体育文化一词中,文化只是体育的一种"社会身份";在此意义上,体育文化作为一个概念可以成立、也能够被理解。从"社会身份"的角度理解体育文化,能够避免体育文化的发展实践因文化概念本身的不确定性而出现行动迷茫,使体育的主体性不会在社会文化发展中丢失。 相似文献
18.
Gary James 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(10):1169-1187
AbstractIn recent years, there has been a wealth of research into how the game of association football developed. However, rather than establishing a common theme this research has led to competing theories with the debate dividing opinion on how the game of football was developed and propagated. While debate is healthy, the approach taken by some could lead to fellow academics looking to those engaged in sport history as unprofessional. This paper seeks to propose a way forward with academics working towards an all-encompassing history of the sport, by suggesting the adoption of a framework based on the work of Fernand Braudel, where indepth analysis of individual events is combined with the identification of transformational cycles. The paper concludes by suggesting that historians interested in soccer’s early history work together within the framework to develop a more detailed and all-encompassing early history of the sport. This framework will not claim that either the orthodox or revisionist view is accurate, instead it will determine how best to work those debates into an all-encompassing approach while searching for detailed evidence on what was actually occurring at local levels. 相似文献
19.
承载丰富文化思想的太极拳,不仅在中国具有广泛的群众基础,而且已经越来越受到世界各地人民的喜爱,其影响力之广泛和深刻程度已经引起许多学者的关注,并且正在影响着人们生活和思维方式.他在具备健身、防身、养身的重要作用以外还富有丰富的人生哲理和文化底蕴.构建和谐社会是一项复杂的系统工程,其内涵十分丰富,城市化建设是构建和谐社会... 相似文献
20.
王广虎 《上海体育学院学报》1990,(3)
“体育”已经是十分熟悉和经常使用的术语,难以给出一个普遍接受的定义;体育表现为一种复杂的社会现象和一种历史过程,“不是能用定义一劳永逸地固定下来的单一体”;体育是一门实践的科学,不是一门纯理性的科学,因而其分类是一种功用性归类,不是自然分类。本文根据体育“两个战略”的基本思想,提出了一种分类方案,旨在理论与实践结合和理论为实践服务。 相似文献