共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Grit Laudel 《Higher Education》2006,52(3):375-403
Research funding has been undergoing a shift from recurrent, stable funding to competitive funding of projects. The system
rests on the assumption that the best proposals or the best researchers receive the resources, i.e., that quality is not only
necessary but also sufficient to win a grant. A comparative study of the conditions of fund acquisition was conducted to test
this assumption. Qualitative interviews with 45 German and 21 Australian Experimental physicists were conducted. Although
the quality of a proposal and the reputation of a researcher are important prerequisites for a successful acquisition of funds,
the success of a funding proposal depends on several factors that are not linked to quality and cannot even be controlled
by scientists. Scientists used adaptation strategies and universities applied institutional measures to increase their chances
of external funding, but with limited success. Under the described conditions, grant acquisition is based on a Matthew Effect
by rewarding the richly funded researchers and hindering entry or continuous funding for others. For these reasons it must
also be doubted that external funding per se is a useful performance indicator. 相似文献
2.
开题报告是论文写作或研究能否按计划实施和开展的重要保证。为了帮助教师在毕业论文写作的指导和教学中及时发现论文开题报告所存在的问题,提高教学,该文通过网络收集数篇硕博开题报告和其他研究人员的开题报告进行了详尽地比较分析,指出开题报告在撰写内容及演示中所存在的常见问题及必须注意的方面,也为其他科研工作人员在科研计划的撰写方面提供了有益的参考。 相似文献
3.
Ashley Rose Mehlenbacher 《Technical Communication Quarterly》2017,26(2):127-144
Crowdfunding is a novel mechanism for garnering monetary support from the online public, and increasingly it is being used to fund science. This article reports a small-scale study examining science-focused crowdfunding proposals from Kickstarter.com. By exploring the rhetoric of these proposals with respect to traditional grant funding proposals in the sciences, this study aims to understand how the language of science may be imported into this popular genre. 相似文献
4.
Dana Burr Bradley 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(7):569-581
Developing good research ideas is both a science and an art. Teaching students how to select and then conceptualize the research idea requires both tools and practice. This paper discusses the identification of an appropriate research question and the refinement of it into a working research plan in the format of a grant proposal. The author has used the development of a grant proposal to demonstrate the linkages between theoretical models of aging policy and aging policy research in a master's level Aging and Public Policy Course. In this course students choose, develop, and refine a research statement in response to a request for proposal from an independent foundation. The theoretical knowledge cycle is used to discuss how these students learn over time to refine and reformulate their ideas into workable research questions. Students report that writing for a real funding entity allows them to develop both proficiency with the construction of a research question and research plan and develop expertise with aging policy. 相似文献
5.
WANG Tan LIU Wenchao 《中国考试》2008,(5)
广东、山东、海南、宁夏4个省区2007年新高考在实行的第一年取得了成功,新高考方案各具特色。江苏省2008年的高考方案已经公布,此方案又不同于前四者。新高考既是1999年高考改革的继续,又是以考试内容改革为核心的综合改革。新高考方案突出了综合性,增强了针对性,地方特色鲜明,但也存在一些不足,需要进一步完善。 相似文献
6.
辽宁某高校学生代表大会提案统计及提案处理情况的分析表明,学生提案内容集中于餐饮、住宿、医疗等公共生活服务,占提案总数的52.27%,提案质量也有待提高。学校对提案虽然都有答复,但仍存在解释原因多,解决问题少,成效不明显等问题。建议加强大学生主人翁意识的培养,学校及各相关部门要协调一致,认真办理学生提案,健全和完善学生提案工作制度。 相似文献
7.
基于学习优势的学习方案设计 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鲁子问 《课程.教材.教法》2012,(1):95-100
学习方案教学是提升学习成效的有效尝试。每一个学生都有自己的学习优势,学习方案应该基于学生的学习优势进行设计。在班级教学中,教师应首先调查分析学生的学习优势,然后基于本班学生的若干共有优势或主要优势,为学生设计学习方案。 相似文献
8.
9.
Michaela T. Zint Beth A. Covitt Patrick F. Dowd 《The Journal of environmental education》2013,44(4):255-271
We conducted an evaluability assessment of the U.S. Forest Service's “More Kids in the Woods” internal grant initiative based on a review of 26 funded proposals, the creation of logic models, and a survey of project leaders. Evaluations of the initative are warranted because it has clear outcome objectives, is implemented as intended, and results suggest plausible benefits associated with providing underserved youth with outdoor experiences. Findings also point to the types of evaluations that will be useful and add to the limited literature on environmental grant programs as well as environmental educators’ evaluation interests, practices and perceived competencies. 相似文献
10.
徐汉峰 《孝感职业技术学院学报》2011,(1):84-88
在美元与人民币汇率以直接标价的情况下,要想避免因汇率变动而造成的经济损失有三条决策方案可供选择：第一条方案是使出口贸易额与进口贸易额完全相等,将贸易损失用贸易盈利进行弥补,起到平衡作用;第二条方案是当汇率不断攀升时,增加出口贸易,减少进口贸易,以期达到抑制效果;第三条方案是当汇率不断下跌时,减少出口贸易额,增加进口贸易额,以期达到抑制效果。 相似文献
11.
RUTH JONATHAN 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》1993,27(2):171-178
ABSTRACT How are educational theory and practice to respond to the problem of the fragmentation of value, characteristic of modernity? This paper criticises Susan Mendus' recent examination of three different arguments for revaluing past traditions. While endorsing her rejection of proposals to return to the past, the paper challenges the converse proposal that education should rely on the development of critical understanding. Such a proposal attends to only one of two features of modern consciousness which are of central relevance to education. The paper further argues that liberal education's theoretical framework itself impedes a more adequate response to this and to related questions of individual and social development. 相似文献
12.
《Higher Education Policy》1997,10(1):7-21
Higher education systems are increasingly starved of financial resources. India is not an exception. The recent trends in financing of higher education in India are indeed disturbing. Quite a few important proposals are being made in this context by national governments and international organizations. International experience will be of considerable importance in formulating new policies. In this paper a select few proposals are described, the national and international experience on the same is contrasted with each proposal, and the necessary lessons are drawn. It is shown that the suggestions that are being made for developing countries do not have empirical validity, if the practices of developed countries are taken to provide any guidance. 相似文献
13.
颜中军 《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2012,(1):34-39
如何看待各式各样的逻辑系统?一元论、多元论和工具论提出了各自的观点.在分析和批判哈克的整体多元论的基础上,笔者尝试提出了“逻辑基础论”,拟从不同的角度重新审视这个问题,以期做出更合理的解答. 相似文献
14.
Liang Zhi 《历史教学(高校版)》2008,(8)
"普韦布洛"号危机是美朝关系史上的一件大事。1968年1月23日,朝鲜俘获了美国情报收集船"普韦布洛"号。美国最初试图以外交施压辅以武力威胁的方式索要"普韦布洛"号及其船员,而后决定接受朝鲜的建议,通过秘密谈判解决危机。谈判中,约翰逊政府先后采取了"先放人、后调查"、"有条件致歉"和"另签"策略,朝鲜则坚持要求美国"无条件致歉"。最后,美国向朝鲜发出"最后通牒",朝鲜接受了新的"有条件致歉"方案。问题之所以能够在这个特殊时刻、以这种特殊方式获得解决,根本原因在于希望和平解决危机的朝鲜意识到新的"有条件致歉"方案是约翰逊政府让步的极限,因此接受了美国的提议。 相似文献
15.
王龙香 《四川职业技术学院学报》2011,21(6):80-82
通过对《未来的基础：国家培训体系的管理、构建和市场设计建议》产生背景和内容框架的解读,评析了其主要特点,即注重职业教育制度建设,强调对职业教育的统一管理,凸显校企合作的重要地位。 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACT This paper examines how initial proposals for grant‐maintained (GM) schools were developed by the Department of Education and Science (DES) as it took them forward into legislation. Drawing on interviews conducted with officials involved in creating a statutory framework for GM schools, the paper addresses wider issues of policy generation including the extent to which civil servants influence the content of education policy. In the case of GM schools policy, this study suggests that the DES developed the original policy proposals in ways unforeseen by its early advocates. It concludes by reviewing the significance of recent changes to the policy and argues that these have to be interpreted in light of the government's ideological commitment to bring ‘market principles’ to the education service. 相似文献
17.
Theodore J. Kowalski 《Educational Psychology Review》1990,2(3):277-280
In responding to the work of Benton and Hoyt, Kowalski argues that an adequate analysis of reform efforts is incomplete without an examination of underlying purposes. Questions are raised regarding the motives of those who promote extended teacher education programs and the Carnegie Forum proposal for national certification. The author suggests that educational psychologists can contribute to reform efforts by helping to explore values, beliefs, motivations, and needs as they relate to change proposals in teacher education. 相似文献
18.
Stephanie B. King Frankie K. Williams 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2014,38(2-3):275-279
Prior research indicates that students perceive a number of barriers to completing their dissertations. In this qualitative study, six education leadership doctoral students were interviewed about barriers and enhancers to completing their coursework, comprehensive exams, and dissertation proposals. Five of the students were in a program specifically for community college leadership who had taken a dissertation development course for students struggling to complete the dissertation proposal. Findings indicated that students perceived a number of barriers including external obligations, difficulties with advising, and knowledge deficiencies. 相似文献
19.
The results from five experiments are considered in relation to two of Spence's (1937, 1938) proposals concerning discrimination learning. In Experiments 1 and 2, we investigated whether his ideas about the interaction between excitatory and inhibitory generalization gradients can be used to understand how animals solve a complex patterning discrimination. The results supported a development of his proposals as put forward by Pearce (1994), provided a modification was made to Pearce's rulefor determining the shape ofthe generalization gradient. In Experiments 3, 4, and 5, we examined whether animals would pay more attention to stimuli that are relevant, rather than irrelevant, to the solution of a discrimination. The results supported this proposal for stimuli comprising visual patterns, but not for those comprising plain colors. The results also indicated that change of attention was a consequence of preliminary receptor-exposure acts, as envisaged by Spence, and not of more central changes in attention. 相似文献