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1.
Subjects differing in interpersonal construct differentiation completed a measure of religious attitude, a measure of attitudinal confidence, and a 20‐item religious behavior self‐report inventory. High‐confidence subjects exhibited greater attitude‐behavior consistency (r = .69) than did low‐confidence subjects (r = .51). Despite high power (N = 313), high‐ and low‐differentiation subjects did not differ significantly (r = .61 and .66, respectively), indicating that the role of differentiation as a direct mediator of non‐interpersonal attitude‐behavior consistency is a comparatively small one. But the influence of attitudinal confidence on attitude‐behavior consistency was larger for low‐differentiation subjects (r = .75 for high confidence, .51 for low) than for high‐differentiation subjects (r = .68 for high confidence, .50 for low), suggesting that interpersonal construct system development may indirectly influence the relationship of non‐interpersonal attitudes and behaviors. 相似文献
2.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(2):146-152
Subjects differing in interpersonal construct differentiation completed both an attitude measure and a behavioral intentions measure (in which subjects’ behavioral intentions in each of nine attitude‐relevant interpersonal situations were assessed) toward a subject‐selected target person. While the overall correlation between attitude and the behavioral intentions index was high (r = .85,), low‐differentiation subjects displayed significantly greater attitude‐behavioral intentions consistency (r = .95,) than did high‐differentiation subjects (r = .75). Correspondingly low differentiation subjects exhibited significantly less variability in the evaluative direction of their behavioral intentions than did high‐differentiation subjects (construct differentiation and variance in individuals’ behavioral intentions were correlated, r = .37). The results are interpreted as suggesting that within a given domain, persons with developmentally less advanced cognitive systems place greater reliance on evaluative consistency principles in organizing their beliefs and behaviors and hence are more likely to exhibit attitude‐behavior consistency than are persons with more developed systems. 相似文献
3.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(1):79-116
This study revealed that trait communication apprehension, as measured by the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA‐24), correlates significantly with state anxiety, as measured by the Spielberger state anxiety measure, in each of four contexts. The multiple correlation between PRCA and state anxiety across four situational contexts was .69. The results are interpreted as consistent with the theoretical relationships advanced and as supportive of the PRCA as a cross‐situational predictive instrument. 相似文献
4.
Carolyn M. Anderson Matthew M. Martin Dominic A. Infante 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(3):245-255
A trait Decision‐Making Collaboration Scale was discussed and examined for reliability and validity. The scale represents on‐going scale development to measure decision‐making tendencies. The premise is that individuals are generally willing or not willing to participate collaboratively in decision‐making communication interpersonally. The 13‐item measure is described. Support for validity was addressed by investigating the relationships between the decision‐making construct with argumentativeness, verbal aggression, interpersonal communication competence, and willingness to communicate. Willingness to participate in collaborative decision making was moderately related to argumentativeness, competence, and willingness to communicate in a positive manner, while slightly related to verbal aggression in a negative manner. Some construct validity was offered by asking participants to report their decision‐making tendencies and comparing these reports to their friends’ ratings of them. No significant differences were found. Implications for future research are discussed. 相似文献
5.
David R. Seibold 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(2):183-187
This study examined whether the sequencing of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of an intervention designed to help people cope with public speaking anxiety (PSA) made a difference in the effectiveness of the intervention. Since no data were available to posit hypotheses about the effectiveness of treatment sequencing, all treatment sequences were expected to be more effective than no treatment in reducing self‐reported levels of trait and state CA, the proportion of negative to positive thoughts, and behavioral manifestations of speech anxiety. Contrary to expectations, some treatment combinations were not more effective than no treatment in reducing PSA, negative thoughts, and behavioral manifestations of anxiety. In general, treatment combinations that began with a behavioral component were no better than no treatment in reducing these indicators of speech anxiety. However, treatments that began with cognitive or affective components were effective in reducing trait and state CA, negative thoughts, and behavioral manifestations of speech anxiety. 相似文献
6.
Amy Janan Johnson Jennifer A. H. Becker Shelley Wigley Michel M. Haigh Elizabeth A. Craig 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):189-205
Arguments in interpersonal relationships can be divided into two types: public issue arguments and personal issue arguments. This study examines the ability of type of argument, trait argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness, and gender to predict reported argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness levels related to a particular argument episode. Reported argumentativeness levels were higher in the public argument condition, and reported verbal aggressiveness levels were higher in the personal argument condition. Trait argumentativeness predicted reported argumentativeness levels better in the public argument condition than the personal argument condition, suggesting that type of argument may serve as a moderator for the relationship between trait argumentativeness levels and argument-specific argumentativeness levels. Implications for using these two scales to examine interpersonal argument are discussed. 相似文献
7.
This study reports the extent to which four social and message perception abilities predict the use of person‐centered messages in regulative influence situations: construct differentiation, number of prosocial influence goals, awareness of message effects, and positive outcome predictions. Undergraduate students completed several message tasks along with the Role Category Questionnaire to measure interpersonal cognitive complexity. Construct differentiation and the message analysis variables accounted for 45% of the variance in person‐centered regulative messages. Each of the message knowledge and goal variables was a significant predictor of person‐centered regulative messages. Person‐centered regulative messages were more likely to be produced by people with highly differentiated construct systems, people who had prosocial influence goals, and people who had knowledge of and confidence about the effects their messages would have on their message recipients. 相似文献
8.
《Library & information science research》2001,23(3):277-289
The phenomena of “library anxiety” and “computer anxiety” have been sometimes hypothesized as emotional responses to new technology. This research investigated the construct validity of two instruments, a Computer Anxiety Index and a Library Anxiety Scale. The criterion measure of anxiety was the Institute for Personality and Ability Testing (IPAT) Anxiety Scale. Undergraduate students enrolled in English, psychology, and philosophy courses participated in the research. For the men, there were no significant correlations between the IPAT and the Computer Anxiety Index or the Library Anxiety Scale. For women, there were significant medium-effect size correlations between the IPAT Anxiety Scale total score and Computer Anxiety Index as well as Library Anxiety Scale scores. Additional analyses are reported, and their implications are discussed. 相似文献
9.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(1):62-64
Anxiety experienced while in a public speaking situation (speech anxiety) is discussed within the framework of Trait‐State Anxiety Theory. Speech anxiety may be considered a dispositional variable designed to measure individual differences in speech anxiety proneness (Speech A‐Trait) or a measure of anxiety experienced during a particular speech (Speech A‐State). Physiological and behavioral measures of speech anxiety are typically viewed as A‐State measures. Self‐report indices may be considered either state or trait anxiety measures depending on the context in which the measures were obtained. The development of a scale to measure both Speech A‐State and Speech A‐Trait, including initial normative, reliability, and validity data, is reported. 相似文献
10.
Joe Ayres Frances E. Ayres Alan L. Baker Noelle Colby Camille De Blasi Debbie Dimke 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(2):132-147
These studies were designed to determine: 1) if a videotape could be used to help people cope with public speaking anxiety; 2) how this videotape compared with other interventions; 3) whether the video could be used on a self‐help basis; and 4) whether the video would be effective over time. These issues were addressed in two separate studies. These studies indicated that the videotape reduced self‐reported levels of trait CA, state CA, and negative thinking. The first study linked the videotape to reduced rigidity while the second linked the videotape to reduced agitation. The second study also found trait CA to be reduced over time. Meta‐analysis was used to compare these data with other interventions. That analysis revealed this videotape was generally more effective than other interventions in reducing trait CA in study one. The videotape was found to reduce state CA and negative thinking more than other interventions in study two. These and other results are discussed at the conclusion of these studies. 相似文献
11.
Competency theory predicts a miscalibration between students' self-assessments of their information literacy skills and their actual skill level. This study investigates whether such a disparity is evident among incoming freshmen who test as non-proficient on a standardized test of information literacy. In addition, this study analyzes Information Literacy Test scores and library anxiety test scores to provide preliminary data on whether library anxiety is related to information literacy skill attainment. Findings reveal that the relationship between information literacy skills and self-assessments predicted by competency theory are evident in the domain of information literacy. This study did not find an association between information literacy skill scores and total library anxiety scores. However, a significant negative correlation between information literacy scores and the subscale “knowledge of the library” indicates that as information literacy scores rise, anxiety scores related to a lack of knowledge of the library fall. The findings suggest that traditional information literacy instruction may not be effective with non-proficient students, who are unlikely to see themselves as needing or benefiting from such instruction. 相似文献
12.
Utilizing the interpersonal needs and gratifications perspective as the framework for this investigation, two studies investigated the link between interpersonal communication motives and the development of loneliness in the lives of older adults. Results suggest that (a) the interpersonal communication motives are a viable construct to be studied within this target population, (b) a significant relationship does exist between interpersonal communication motives (escape, pleasure, relaxation, cntrol, affection, and inclusion) and feelings of loneliness, and (c) communication is a significant factor in the development of loneliness within the lives of older adults. Implications of these results are discussed, and suggestions for future research are proposed. 相似文献
13.
Jerry L. Allen 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(4):341-343
This study investigated the influence that social and emotional support have on attributional confidence in the brother‐brother relationship. Two‐hundred thirteen males reported on the relationship with their brother. Social support dimensions of relational support, interpersonal depth, relational conflict and emotional support were examined as a function of attributional confidence. Results indicated positive relationships between social support dimensions of relational support and interpersonal depth with attributional confidence. Relational conflict was negatively related to attributional confidence. No significant relationship between emotional support and attributional confidence was observed. 相似文献
14.
Maili Pörhölä 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(3):367-384
This study focuses on the public speaking state responses among 47 Finnish subjects. Cognitive, behavioral, and physiological components of stale‐responses were investigated in relation to speakers’ trait communication anxiety and amount of previous experience speaking in public. Trait communication anxiety was found to correlate significantly with the cognitive aspect of state response, whereas amount of previous experience was found to be reflected in subjects’ heart rates. Characteristics of the Finnish speech culture and educational system are discussed when interpreting the results. 相似文献
15.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(3):261-282
The study reports a factor analytic investigation of the interpersonal attraction construct. Two‐hundred and fifteen subjects completed 30 Likert‐type, seven‐step scales concerning an acquaintance. Factor analysis indicated three dimensions of the interpersonal attraction construct which were labeled “task” “social” and “physical.” The results of this study and four replications suggest that the resulting 15‐item instrument can be expected to measure reliably three dimensions of interpersonal attraction. 相似文献
16.
《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):376-382
Numerous instruments have been proposed to measure interpersonal cognitive differentiation or complexity. Unfortunately, previous research has shown these measures to be only marginally related (O'Keefe & Sypher, 1981). This investigation sought to unravel this methodological tangle by providing further evidence bearing on the comparative validity of several measures of cognitive differentiation as predictors of two written persuasive tasks: a fund‐raising task and a job application letter task. Regression analyses indicated that the Ziller, Martell, and Morrison (1977) self differentiation measure and Crockett's (1965) Role Category Questionnaire were both significantly related and significant predictors of the criterion variables, while Bieri et al.'s (1966) measure was virtually unrelated to any of the study variables. 相似文献
17.
This study examined verbal aggressiveness in the disengagement of dating relationships, specifically focusing on the relationship between being trait verbally aggressive and using verbal aggression in breaking up, the perceived similarity of both partners in using verbal aggression in breaking up, and the relationship between using verbally aggressive messages and other disengagement messages in the ending of the relationship. Participants (N = 401) reported on their trait verbal aggressiveness, along with the verbally aggressive and disengagement strategies used during the termination of their relationships. This study found that people who were trait verbally aggressive were more likely to use verbally aggressive messages when terminating their dating relationships, that there is a perceived reciprocity effect of verbally aggressive messages in the termination of a relationship, and that verbally aggressive people use more disengagement strategies in general. 相似文献
18.
This study assessed the extent to which six individual difference variables—sex, interpersonal construct differentiation, interpersonal construct abstractness, emotional empathy, and two aspects of communication apprehension—affect the perceptions of preformulated comforting strategies. Theoretical, methodological, and pedagogical implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
19.
信息数字化时代的来临使今天的新闻工作者处在一个更为复杂的工作环境。本研究通过调查发现,面对工作环境的压力,中国新闻工作者群体普遍存在焦虑情绪,而这种焦虑与从业者的媒介使用、个性特征(认知需求)之间存在关联。从媒介类型来看,网络、广播新闻工作者对个人和所属媒体的前景预期比报纸、电视的新闻工作者明显乐观。 相似文献
20.
Yalerie Cryer Downs 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(2):173-179
Past research has found a linear relationship between dimensions of self‐reported self‐disclosure and solidarity when a “target” individual is identified. The present study sought to further investigate the relationship between dimensions of self‐disclosure and perceived interpersonal solidarity within an intergenerational relationship, and specifically, the grandparent‐grandchild dyad. Results supported a significant and positive relationship between the dimensions of intent, depth, honesty, and solidarity for grandparents; amount, depth, honesty, and solidarity for grandchildren. Implications of these results are discussed, and directions for future research are suggested. 相似文献