共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
从欧洲的三个国家看--大学与政府关系的变化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
JefC．Verhoeven 《清华大学教育研究》2003,24(5):1-8
近十年来,西欧的政策呈现出放松管制、组织自治和标榜对个体公民更加关切的特点。这种政策态度在欧洲的高等教育界成了主流意识形态。本文想要展示的是,是否一些欧盟政府在管理高等教育方面采取了“后退”的作法,是否将制定高等教育政策作为自己的目标。欧洲政府的高等教育政策是否真的呈现分权化的特点?本文将对三个欧洲国家的高教政策进行讨论,它们分别具有不同的政策传统：法国(非常集权的政策传统)、英国(分权的政策传统)、比利时(集权的政策传统)。本文的研究结论是：到目前为止,法国的教育政策虽然还呈现集权的特点,但并不意味着高校完全没有选择它们发展方向的空间。而英国大学虽然仍独立于政府,但不止一次地被政府直接或非直接地推向某一特定方向。1989年以前,比利时(佛兰德区)保留着明显的集权的特点。而现在,高等教育政策已经不仅仅是政府的事情了,它比以往任何时候更成了私人机构的职责。 相似文献
2.
Adam Cheeseman Jaylene Murray Marcia McKenzie 《Environmental Education Research》2019,25(12):1697-1712
AbstractThis paper provides a review of the current literature that examines the uptake of sustainability policies in higher education. Articles were retrieved from both ERIC and Scopus databases and then manually reviewed to ensure that they focused on each of: higher education; sustainability; and policy. A total of 91 articles were analysed using a multi-stage process that involved sorting data according to typologies (i.e. temporal, terminology, methodology, geography), coding the text of the articles based on topical content, and an indexing method used to label data for further analysis and the development of broader code categories. Results suggest that drivers and barriers associated with the integration of sustainability policy in higher education are well known; yet increased research is needed to understand best practices and processes by which sustainability can be furthered through higher education policy. In addition, findings demonstrate the need for future research to focus on various aspects of the policy process, including policy development and enactment, and on implications of policy for practice. While there have been some reviews of sustainability policy in higher education research to date, this review contributes to this literature by highlighting research primarily focused on sustainability policy within higher education. 相似文献
3.
韩国、马来西亚、菲律宾三国私立高等教育经费政策研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
韩国、马来西亚和菲律宾等国的私立高等院校所占比例均在85%以上,在校生数占一半以上,高者达74%。这与所在国的高等教育发展政策、经费政策和管理政策是分不开的,其政府实施的经费资助政策更是私立高等教育发展、稳定与否的"晴雨表"。三国私立高等教育发展变化显示,私立高等教育发展与政府的经费政策,尤其是多元化教育投入有着很强的联系。 相似文献
4.
Jan Kohoutek 《Higher Education Quarterly》2013,67(1):56-79
The article adopts a comparative approach to review three periods of theory development in research into higher education policy implementation. Given the conceptual affinity between Cerych and Sabatier's 1986 seminal study into higher education policy implementation and public policy implementation theory, the field of public policy is chosen for reference and comparison. The article argues, first, that the underlying characteristics of higher education research such as sector‐isolatedness, application drift and sensitivity to political agendas hindered the development of sector‐specific theories of policy implementation. Second, this gap in theory formation started to be narrowed from the late 1990s onwards, due to critical reappraisal of the 1986 study and due to limited utilisation of mid‐range theory concepts conceived within or related to the public policy field. It is through the utilisation of such public policy theory that higher education implementation research may reach a more mature stage. 相似文献
5.
基于公共政策视角,在主要考虑国家、高等教育机构和公众三个变量的同时,参考社会、经济和技术三个主要的基本因素发现:由于多元化办学格局中高等教育政策更倾向于教育的经济功能或教育的社会、文化功能,而非基于教育本身的功能,严重影响高等教育政策的质量与执行。为了保证高校正确的办学方向和公益性,尊重人的价值、确保学术至高无上的地位、遵循高等教育自身的逻辑应该是我国高等教育发展和国家公共政策的核心,尤其是高等教育政策制定的基础。 相似文献
6.
随着社会历史的发展,我国的民族高等教育政策也不断进行着改革与调整。针对改革开放30年来民族高等教育政策的发展,通过对相关资料进行全面系统的搜集和梳理,力争理清我国民族高等教育政策30年的发展脉络,归纳总结出我国民族高等教育政策的五个特点,进而为民族高等教育政策的下一步发展作出几种理论探索,以求为现实政策的制定和民族高等教育的实践发展提供一定意义的参考价值。 相似文献
7.
从教育服务承诺看高等教育的政策调整 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国加入WTO签定的教育服务承诺具有鲜明的政策性意义。履行这一承诺要求对现行的教育政策尤其是高等教育政策作出一些必要的调整。高等教育政策调整主要包括宏观管理政策、招生政策、财政政策和高校教学政策等方面。调整教育政策又特别需要加强政策研究。 相似文献
8.
Karen Smith 《高等教育研究与发展》2018,37(1):173-187
Policy texts are representations of practice that both reflect and shape the world around them. There is, however, little higher education research that critically analyses the impact of higher education policy on educational developers and educational development practice. Extending methods from critical discourse analysis by combining textual analysis of a policy text with in-depth interviews with policy-makers and policy users, this article seeks to better understand the process of production, interpretation and implementation of policy. The article focuses on a leading national UK quality assurance policy in relation to the educational development community in order to uncover how policy is played out in practice. The findings paint a picture of a text that presents a version of higher education that is portrayed linguistically as universally accepted. Yet, the methodological approach enables the uncovering of the complexities of the policy process that go beyond the text’s words by highlighting the debates that shaped its development and the interpretations of its textual form that subsequently shape its enactment. Looking specifically at the constraints of policy boundaries, word choice and calls to educational development action (or inaction), the policy text is analysed in light of educational developers’ contexts and institutional positioning, surfaced through the research process itself. The article concludes by arguing that the combination of data collection and analysis methods used provide greater insights into how policy is played out in practice than the employment of any one of these methods individually could have achieved. 相似文献
9.
Policy Drivers in UK Higher Education in Historical Perspective: 'Inside Out', 'Outside In' and the Contribution of Research 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Michael Shattock 《Higher Education Quarterly》2006,60(2):130-140
Where have been the main policy drivers for the development of British higher education over the last 50 years? This article argues that while higher education policy was once driven from the inside outwards, from the late 1970s it has been driven exclusively from the outside inwards. Policy decisions under either regime were rarely driven by research findings especially from within the higher education community. The current imbalance between ‘inside‐out’ and ‘outside‐in’ policy formation is paradoxically most apparent when the higher education system has a more widely diversified funding base than at any time since the 1930s. The key policy challenge is now not what new policies are needed but what new framework should be developed for policy making. 相似文献
10.
Ozoliņš Modris Stensaker Bjørn Gaile-Sarkane Elῑna Ivanova Liene Lapiņa Inga Ozoliņa-Ozola Iveta Straujuma Anita 《Tertiary Education and Management》2018,24(4):338-350
This article addresses how European policy initiatives in higher education, research and innovation are diffused in the European higher education research and education area. Based on an instrumental and an institutional perspective, specific expectations are developed as to how policy diffusion might unfold, and, through an in-depth analysis of the strategic plans of 19 higher education institutions in Latvia and Norway, the article identifies factors that potentially mediate European policies into the strategic agenda of universities and colleges. The findings show that European Union membership and policy area seems to matter for the attention given to European policy initiatives, while administrative capacity at institutional level have less or quite mixed effects. The article concludes that both instrumental and institutional perspectives are of value in explaining how European policy diffusion takes place.
相似文献11.
进入中国特色社会主义新时代以来,我国已经全面开启建设高等教育强国新征程。在高等教育承前启后的这一历史节点,回望过去,把握发展轨迹,对谋划、选定下一段发展路径将大有裨益。本文基于对2007-2017 年间国家出台的高等教育政策文件的分析, 归纳出近十年来我国高等教育政策制定的四个特征：中央政府通过政策性文件配置资源的方式在数量比重与体制分类结构比重上占主导地位;越倾向高校内部管理的事务、越倾向由基层或市场配置的事务,中央层面的文件越趋向与多个部门协调;教育行政性审批文件仍然占据一定比重,且在学校微观管理上占据不小空间;尚未有关于教育政策评估制度的发布。认清这些特征,对未来高等教育的政策制定有重要借鉴作用。 相似文献
12.
The study investigated the stakeholders’ perceptions of South Korea’s higher education internationalization policy. Based on the research framework that defines four policy values—propriety, effectiveness, diversity, and engagement, the convergence model was employed with a concurrent mixed method sampling strategy to analyze the stakeholders’ perceptions. According to the findings, the stakeholders perceived that the government’s internationalization policy to date has contributed to the international competitiveness of Korean universities by and large in a quantitative manner. Their views however signaled that the government should consider the quality and identity of Korean higher education institutions when designing and implementing internationalization policy. Based on the implications that the findings have in the policy context, this study suggested two points for future policy research into Korean higher education internationalization: (1) develop a glonacal definition of world-classness for Korean universities and (2) build up a mixture model of centralization and decentralization for the government-university relations, which encourages internal self-governance of Korean universities. 相似文献
13.
高等教育政策既有一般公共政策的共性,更有自身独有的特性。拉迪斯拉夫·塞里奇认为高等教育政策具有目标的含糊性与冲突性、执行的复杂性与缓慢性,以及环境变化的多重效应等特征。塞里奇的高等教育政策观,对我们揭示高等教育政策的本质与规律,以及提升高等教育政策制定的质量和执行的效益无疑都具有重要的理论意义与实践价值。 相似文献
14.
Language policies have been drafted in Nordic higher education with the obvious, but unproblematised and unchallenged motivation caused by internationalisation. In this article, we analyse the various motivations for drafting language policies in Nordic higher education and the ideological implications of those motivations. We do this by approaching the question from multiple (macro, meso and micro) viewpoints, in order to make visible some of the undercurrents in higher education language policy. We are particularly interested in the explicit motivations for language policy change, and the explicit and implicit actors and action represented in our data. We will first discuss the background for internationalisation in Nordic higher education and then move on to our analysis of policy documents, survey data on the motivations for language policy drafting in Nordic higher education institutions. Our results indicate that internationalisation turns into a national question in the motivations. It also appears that the institutions are reactive (rather than active) in responding to perceived needs to draft a language policy. 相似文献
15.
兼职教师是高职院校师资队伍的有机组成部分,是支撑高职院校健康发展的重要力量。对高职院校兼职教师相关政策文本分析发现,关于兼职教师的政策以及政策关注重点处在不断变化之中,政策重心经历了从概念提出、数量规约、关注质量到质量全面提升的过程,政策变迁也可相应地划分为四个阶段。基于政策分析,结合当前的职业教育改革背景与发展战略,对如何进一步提升兼职教师队伍建设质量提出了具体改革建议。 相似文献
16.
高等教育持续发展的政策调整 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
周海涛 《清华大学教育研究》2009,30(2)
在高等教育领域的现行政策中,粗放的基础性拨款政策、琐细的经费核销政策、受限的教工聘用政策、宽松的教学管理政策,显现了对教育发展的抑制性效应.需要设计和推行以学生规模为基础的混合拨款政策,适度灵活的经费核销政策,实用高效的教工聘用政策,合理完备的教学管理政策. 相似文献
17.
加强我国高等教育政策研究的若干思考 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
随着高等教育在国家经济和社会发展中地位的日益提高 ,高等教育政策研究的重要性也日显突出。通过加强高等教育政策研究来提升政府在高等教育领域的决策能力 ,是当前高等教育发展中面临的一个十分重要的问题。在此基础上 ,作者提出了加强我国高等教育政策研究的几点建议 相似文献
18.
基于政策工具的视角,构建纵向时间序列与横向关注领域的政策分型检视,对自改革开放以来70项成人高等学历教育政策进行文本计量分析。研究发现,我国成人高等学历教育政策体系初步完成,但呈现政策重心偏移与政策维度配置不均的逻辑样态。据此,提出政策重心由权威型工具转移至系统改革型工具、五类政策工具均衡配置锻造政策合力、打造系统的现代化政策体系,以期提升政策效能。 相似文献
19.
This paper explores the higher education financing policy in Morocco in light of the central issue of equity. First, it surveys
the current situation, using a critical approach to the present financing policy, and looking at the three dimensions of adequacy,
efficiency, and equity. Second, it describes the principal policy challenges in financing higher education. Third, it presents
several public policy proposals likely to bring changes to the financing policy in order to meet these challenges. The analysis
shows that the sustainability and the equity of the current financing system are undermined by the dysfunctions introduced
by the private/public split in the higher education system and the lack of a clear political strategy pertaining to the medium
of instruction. 相似文献
20.
张玉梅 《重庆职业技术学院学报》2011,20(4):108-111
2011年我省开始试点高职注册入学。高职注册入学,可以认为是应对高职院校生源危机的一个举措,对泉州高职院校而言,既是机遇又是挑战。作者认为泉州区域经济的可持续发展同样需要泉州高职的可持续发展。在分析了泉州高职教育的现状后,作者分析了注册入学对泉州高职发展的影响,并在此基础上提出了泉州高职可持续发展的对策。 相似文献