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1.
运用文献资料等研究方法，并结合实践经验，对我国田径裁判员的管理体制和制度进行了研究，探讨了田径裁判员的现行管理体制、田径裁判队伍管理的发展趋势、田径裁判员的管理措施等相关问题，并提出我国田径裁判员管理的基本对策。 相似文献
2.
如何加强福建省田径裁判队伍建设与管理的探析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在总结多年田径裁判队伍建设和管理实践经验的基础上，提出了在新形势下福建省田径裁判队伍建设和管理的建议与措施。如何加强裁委会作用是落实裁判队伍建设和管理措施的关键；形成合理的裁判队伍人才梯队和加强系统培训，是提高裁判工作整体水平的根本保证；抓好裁判员队伍的科学管理，是规范裁判队伍，提高裁判员素质的重要手段；裁判工作方法的现代化，是裁判队伍质量向高层次发展的方向。 相似文献
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黑龙江省田径运动水平的快速提高对田径裁判员提出了更高的要求。本文采用文献资料、问卷调查、逻辑分析等研究方法,对黑龙江省田径裁判队伍的现状进行调查与分析。指出黑龙江省田径裁判员队伍存在的问题,并提出相应的建议。旨在引起人们对田径裁判工作的关注、理解和重视,吸引更多关心田径裁判工作的人士为黑龙江省田径裁判工作献计献策,为黑龙江省田径裁判整体水平的提高、田径裁判理论知识的丰富、田径事业的快速发展做出更多更大的贡献。 相似文献
4.
裁判员是田径比赛工作的执法人员,裁判素质的高低,直接影响到运动员运动成绩的发挥及竞赛工作的水平。要培养出业务过硬的优秀田径裁判员,就必须熟悉裁判工作的最新特征。本文就田径裁判的特殊性以及与裁判员素质的关系,分析如何培养田径裁判员的素质。 相似文献
5.
田径比赛项目众多,规则复杂,裁判员工作岗位多,因此需要裁判员的数量很多。科学技术的进步,大量高科技电子仪器应用于田径比赛裁判工作中,北京奥运会之后,使得田径裁判工作方法发生重大变革,对田径裁判员提出了更高的要求。通过对2009年至2010年在黑龙江省举行的省级以上田径重大赛事的调研,分析黑龙江省田径裁判员队伍的现状,为提高黑龙江省田径裁判员执裁水平提出建议。 相似文献
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《体育科技文献通报》1997,(7)
G820.4 9702801刍议我省田径裁判员的培养与提高[刊,中。I]/浦淑琴,史国生,黄玉林//南京体育学院学报.-1997.-11(2).-18-20(XG)田径//裁判员//培养//方法根据我省经济地位和田径裁判员整体水平,探讨在市场经济条件下如何培养和提高裁判员思想水平和业务能力的管理办法。保证我省田径裁判队伍的稳定和水平的提高。 相似文献
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从“四城会”分析我国田径裁判工作现状 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
程万才 《西安体育学院学报》2001,18(1):111-112
以四城会田径裁判工作为视角 ,分析我国当前田径裁判员队伍的管理、道德素养、业务水平等现状 ,以及从深层次领域里暴露出的问题进行研究 ,找出对策 ,为培养我国高水平裁判员队伍提供依据。 相似文献
8.
文章针对田径比赛的实际情况,论述了提高田径裁判员综合素质的基本手段,其目的是提高田径裁判员的素质水平,使更多的裁判工作能够全面贯彻执行"严肃、认真、公正、准确"的八字方针,以保证田径裁判竞赛工作能健康、顺利地进行。 相似文献
9.
赵俊龙 《沈阳体育学院学报》1992,(1)
本文结合1991年田径国家级裁判员考试,论述了国际田径裁判特点、我国的裁判工作如何适应国际田径大赛的要求、怎样解决裁判中出现的疑难问题及技术官员在裁判中怎样开展工作等问题。 相似文献
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Sasho J. Mackenzie Scott M. Foley Andrew P. Adamczyk 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1243-1251
Abstract The purpose was to evaluate the traditional method, of visually focusing on the ball, in comparison to focusing on the hole, during the putting stroke. The study design consisted of a pretest, a 4-week practice period, and a posttest. Participants (n = 31, handicap: 18.7 ± 10.4) practised using only one of the two gaze techniques. Testing consisted of having all participants putt using both gaze techniques from both a 1.22 m and a 4 m distance. Five putts were executed for each gaze technique/putt length combination for a total of 20 putts in each testing session per participant. The kinematics of every putting stroke executed during testing (1240 strokes) were captured using a TOMI® system. There was a significant improvement in putting success for both groups following practice (P = 0.001). Practising while visually focusing on the hole, resulted in a statistically significant reduction in putter speed variability in comparison to practising while visually focusing on the ball (P = 0.017). Visually focusing on the hole did not meaningfully (nor statistically) affect the quality of impact as assessed by the variability in face angle, stroke path, and impact spot at the precise moment the putter head contacted the ball. 相似文献
12.
Physical education, now often explicitly identified with health in contemporary school curricula, continues to be implicated in the (re)production of the 'cult of the body'. We argue that HPE is a form of health promotion that attempts to 'make' healthy citizens of young people in the context of the 'risk society'. In our view there is still work to be done in understanding how and why physical education (as HPE) continues to be implicated in the reproduction of values associated with the cult of body. We are keen to understand why HPE continues to be ineffective in helping young people gain some measure of analytic and embodied 'distance' from the problematic aspects of the cult of the body. This paper offers an analysis of this enduring issue by using some contemporary analytic discourses including 'governmentality', 'risk society' and the 'new public health'. 相似文献
13.
Nalda Wainwright Jackie Goodway Margaret Whitehead Andy Williams David Kirk 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2018,23(4):431-444
Background: The Foundation Phase in Wales is a play-based curriculum for pupils aged 3–7 years old. Children learn through more holistic areas of learning in place of traditional subjects. As such, the subject of physical education in its traditional form no longer exists for pupils under the age of 7 in Wales. In light of the role of physical education in developing physical literacy and in particular the importance of this age group for laying the foundations of movement for lifelong engagement in physical activity, the disappearance of physical education from the curriculum could be deemed to be a concern.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the Foundation Phase as a naturalistic intervention and examine its contribution to the development of physical literacy.Participants and setting: Participants included year 1 pupils (N?=?49) aged 5 and 6 from two schools in contrasting locations. A smaller group within each class was selected through purposive sampling for the repeated measures assessments (N?=?18).Research design and methods: A complementarity mixed-method design combined quantitative and qualitative methods to study the Foundation Phase as a naturalistic intervention. Quantitative data were generated with the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 administered to the sample group of children from both schools as a quasi-repeated measure, the physical competence subscale of the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance and the Leuven Involvement Scale for Young Children. Qualitative data were generated throughout the study from the analysis of video and field notes through participant observation. Data from the mixed methods were analysed through complementarity to give a rich insight into pupils’ progress and experiences in relation to physical literacy.Results: Overall analysis of the data from TGMD-2 showed significant improvements in the Gross Motor Quotient and Locomotor skills from T1 to T3, but no significant improvement in object control. Data from qualitative methods were analysed to explore processes that may account for these findings. Video and field notes complement the quantitative data highlighting that children were developing their locomotor skills in many aspects of their learning. Observations using the Leuven Involvement Scale indicated that children had high levels of involvement in their learning and apparent in video and field notes was pupils’ motivation for movement. Paired sample t-tests (N?=?18) conducted on the Harter and Pike perceived physical competence six-item score subscales (T1 and T3) indicated a significant difference in the mean perceived physical competence scores on the six-item scale between T1and T3. Qualitative data explored pupils’ confidence for movement in many areas of learning.Conclusion: The combination of quantitative and qualitative data indicates that the Foundation Phase is an early childhood curriculum that lays the foundations of physical literacy with the exception of aspects of the physical competence, specifically object control skills. Although these skills only contribute to psychomotor aspects of physical literacy they are strongly associated with later engagement in physical activity. The development of specific physical skills such as object control skills may need more specialist input with early childhood pedagogy teachers trained in motor development to see significant improvements. 相似文献
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Sara M. Brice Kevin F. Ness Doug Rosemond 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(3):174-184
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the cable force and linear hammer speed in the hammer throw and to identify how the magnitude and direction of the cable force affects the fluctuations in linear hammer speed. Five male (height: 1.88 ± 0.06 m; body mass: 106.23 ± 4.83 kg) and five female (height: 1.69 ± 0.05 m; body mass: 101.60 ± 20.92 kg) throwers participated and were required to perform 10 throws each. The hammer's linear velocity and the cable force and its tangential component were calculated via hammer head positional data. As expected, a strong correlation was observed between decreases in the linear hammer speed and decreases in the cable force (normalised for hammer weight). A strong correlation was also found to exist between the angle by which the cable force lags the radius of rotation at its maximum (when tangential force is at its most negative) and the size of the decreases in hammer speed. These findings indicate that the most effective way to minimise the effect of the negative tangential force is to reduce the size of the lag angle. 相似文献
16.
Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior’s transfer fee of 222 million euros clearly indicates that the lifeworld of professional football proves the well-known ideal of eleven friends, all from the same hometown, to be a romantic notion of the past. When players are measured by their market value, when clubs are capital investments and when football matches are marketed as spectacular events, the question arising no longer is whether amateur football and professional football have moved apart, but rather how big the gap has become. Is there still any connection between the lifeworld of amateur football and professional football or are these now disparate worlds? To answer this question it is essential to determine whether, despite the obvious invariants between amateur football and professional football, there is still a common core of the game that connects the two worlds. This core may be in the contingency of playing football as a specific form of result uncertainty and uncertainty in action, which are sought voluntarily and intentionally. The reward for the players is not to be found in the intended result (i.e. the victory) but in experiencing that the means taken to reach the aim (generally the movement actions of the players) gain in value to the extent where achieving the aim of the action is unpredictable. In 1995, Seel called this aesthetic value of actions in sport “a celebration of inability”. In conclusion, it is the telic of the autotelic that represents the constitutive prerequisite for the special fascination of football, and in this respect it is possible from a cultural perspective to assign educational value to the game of football. Football will continue to fascinate players as well as the spectators as long as its core—the telic of the autotelic—can be experienced in football’s various lifeworlds. 相似文献
17.
Umberto Cesar Corrêa Silvia Teixeira de Pinho Silvia Letícia da Silva Fabian Alberto Romero Clavijo Thiago de Oliveira Souza Go Tani 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(24):2321-2328
ABSTRACTThis study aimed to investigate why futsal players decide to dribble. For this purpose, we analysed 396 trials comprising the dribbles (n = 132), passes (n = 131) or shots (n = 133), performed by 70 male futsal players. Passing and shooting angles, and interpersonal distance, including their rates of change (velocity and variability), were regarded as measures of interpersonal coordination tendency and a comparison was made among dribbling, passing and shooting situations. In addition, the variables identified as constraints on deciding to dribble were analysed in relation to age categories, dribbling outcomes and futsal court zone. Results revealed that passing and shooting angles, and interpersonal distance showed higher variability in dribbling than in passing and shooting situations. The findings allowed us to conclude that decision-making on dribbling was influenced by the variabilities of passing angles as well as shooting and interpersonal distance, and that success in dribbling was affected by the variability of interpersonal distance. Such variabilities were interpreted concerning their meaning of risk and/or uncertainty in the execution of motor skills. 相似文献
18.
Katherine A. Tamminen Carolyn E. McEwen Gretchen Kerr Peter Donnelly 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(17):2035-2045
ABSTRACT Models of positive youth development suggest that athletes may be influenced by parent education programmes; however, there is little research examining the impact of such programmes on athlete outcomes. This study examined the impact of the Respect in Sport Parent Program on athlete outcomes among minor hockey players over three years. This study consisted of cross-sectional and longitudinal online surveys measuring athletes’ positive and negative developmental experiences, prosocial and antisocial behaviours, parental support and pressure, and sport enjoyment and commitment. Athletes completed at least one online survey during the study period (N = 366; 84.2% males; 14–19 years of age; M = 15.4 years), and 83 athletes completed multiple surveys for longitudinal analyses. Cross-sectional results comparing athletes in leagues adopting the programme at different time points indicated significant differences in prosocial behaviours towards teammates. Multilevel longitudinal analyses revealed improvements in athletes’ antisocial behaviours towards opponents, initiative, goal setting, and cognitive skills over time, regardless of whether they were in a league that implemented the programme. However, athletes in leagues that implemented the programme during the study reported greater improvements in antisocial behaviours towards opponents, and there were trends with respect to improved personal and social skills. These findings provide suggestions to improve the delivery and impact of parent education programmes in youth sport. 相似文献
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Previous planar models of the downswing in golf have suggested that upper limb segments (left shoulder girdle and left arm) move in a consistent fixed plane and that the clubhead also moves only in this plane. This study sought to examine these assumptions. Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of seven right-handed golfers of various abilities (handicap 0?–?15) was used to define a plane (named the left-arm plane) containing the 7th cervical vertebra, left shoulder and left wrist. We found that the angles of this plane to the reference horizontal z axis and target line axis (parallel to the reference x axis) were not consistent. The angle to the horizontal z axis varied from a mean of 133° (s = 1°) at the start of the downswing to 102° (s = 4°) at impact, suggesting a “steepening” of the left-arm plane. The angle of the plane to the target line changed from ??9° (s = 16°) to 5° (s = 15°) during the same period, showing anticlockwise (from above) rotation, although there was large inter-individual variation. The distance of the clubhead from the left-arm plane was 0.019?m (s = 0.280?m) at the start at the downswing and 0.291?m (s = 0.077?m) at impact, showing that the clubhead did not lie in the same plane as the body segments. We conclude that the left arm and shoulder girdle do not move in a consistent plane throughout the downswing, and that the clubhead does not move in this plane. Previous models of the downswing in golf may therefore be incorrect, and more complex (but realistic) simulations should be performed. 相似文献
