共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 407 毫秒
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陆文光 《中学物理教学参考》1998,(4)
电磁学与磁浮列车陆文光（广东湛江市麻章区湖光农场中学５２４０８６）一、磁浮列车的电磁学原理我们知道,在电磁学里,当通给两个互相平行的线圈的电流同向时就互相吸引,反之互相排斥．如果把许多对电流方向相反的线圈分别安装在列车和轨道上,列车就会悬浮起来,同样... 相似文献
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龙镜森 《读与写:教育教学刊》2015,(2)
本文简述了汽车在行驶过程中,汽车噪声产生以及对噪声的要求,同时噪声控制对于环境污染和乘坐舒适性的重要意义,分析了汽车在行驶中产生噪声的各类因素,并提出了控制噪声的有效措施及方法。 相似文献
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刘家伟 《中国科教创新导刊》1999,(7)
磁浮列车是磁场空中悬浮列车的简称。磁浮技术可使列车悬浮在铁轨上。德国的工程师们目前正准备建造世界上第一条磁浮铁路。这种名为“速运”的磁浮fIJ车计划将于2005年开始在汉堡和柏林两个城市飞驰。虽然美国在磁浮列车研制方面进展较慢,但加利福尼亚的劳伦斯·利弗莫尔国家实验室已开发出一种更新更简单的磁浮技术,这种技术将有助于美国科研人员研制出安全可靠成本低廉的磁浮列车。磁浮列车是一种“悬浮”在空中的火车。是什么力量使数十吨重的火车悬浮起来的呢？毫无疑问是磁力！让我们来观察一块磁铁。它有——北阳）南（S）两上磁… 相似文献
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《南阳师范学院学报》2019,(1):9-13
近年来,随着列车性能的增强以及铁路路况的改良,列车的行驶速度已经有了很大程度的提升.但是,高速行驶的列车给铁路的维护带来了很多的麻烦.在铁路施工段偶尔会因为列车速度过快或者未减速,造成铁轨损坏、铁路工人受伤和交通事故等的发生.所以,我们必须开发列车自动测速与报警系统,安装在施工路段附近.每当列车经过测速传感器时,系统就会测出列车通过的速度,并通过其附带的无线发射器,将列车的速度传输给列车司机和施工路段的工人.列车司机接收到系统语音提醒后开始将列车速度降低到安全速度范围,行驶过施工路段,以免发生安全事故.本文研究了一种基于AT89C51单片机的列车自动测速报警系统,且对该系统的功用、硬件结构、测速电路以及系统软件等方面进行了一系列具体的讨论. 相似文献
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Jie ZHANG ;Guang-xu HAN ;Xin-biao XIAO ;Rui-qian WANG ;Yue ZHAO ;Xue-song JIN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2014,(12):1002-1018
研究目的：研究高速列车车轮多边形特征对轮轨噪声和车内噪声的影响规律,讨论目前国内高速列车车轮镟修指标的不足,为高速列车车轮镟修方法的优化改进提供科学依据。创新要点：系统分析高速列车车轮多边形阶次、幅值和相位等参数对车内噪声的影响规律;提出车轮镟修中仅考虑车轮径跳作为限值是不够的。研究方法：1．基于线路试验,初步分析高速列车车轮多边形状态对车内噪声的影响,进而对车轮多边形特征进行剖析;2．基于带通滤波和快速傅里叶变换,使用MATLAB程序生成不同阶次、幅值和相位的车轮多边形粗糙度数据;3．基于TWINS轮轨噪声原理,使用HWTNS预测含有不同车轮多边形特性的轮轨噪声;4．基于混合有限元-统计能量分析（FE—SEA）方法,建立高速列车客室端部车内噪声预测模型,预测车内噪声;5．通过分析车轮多边形参数、车轮径跳和车内噪声之间的相互关系,研究目前的高速列车车轮镟修指标是否合适。重要结论：1．高速列车车轮径跳值相同,但车轮多边形状态不同时,轮轨噪声与车内噪声有明显差异;2．当车轮多边形幅值相同时,高阶多边形可以引起更高的轮轨噪声和车内噪声;3．改变车轮多边形的相位,可以获得不同的车轮径跳值,但是对轮轨噪声和车内噪声几乎没有影响。 相似文献
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不同速度高速列车车外噪声的调查研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Bin HE Xin-biao XIAO Qiang ZHOU Zhi-hui LI Xue-song JIN 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2014,(12):1019-1033
研究目的：基于声源识别,得出车外噪声分布特性及场点主要噪声源。创新要点：1．研究高速列车噪声源强特性及频谱特性;2．揭示不同速度下不同声源频谱变化规律;3．分析车外声场场点噪声变化规律及主要声源。研究方法：1．利用车外声源识别系统（图2）分析高速列车声源分布规律及频谱特性;2．利用声源的垂向（图10）分布研究不同声源在各频率下垂向分布规律;3．利用场点声源与速度的拟合关系（图16）研究场点主要噪声源。重要结论：1．高速列车车外噪声源主要分布在轮轨区域、受电弓和车间连接区域;2．轮轨区域噪声包括滚动噪声和气动噪声,在各频率均为最显著声源;3．在整个列车高度,轮轨滚动噪声对总噪声贡献率大于气动噪声;4．车外场点噪声主要频率为630-2500Hz,主要来自轮轨滚动噪声。 相似文献
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FANG You-tong YAO Ying-ying 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(3):412-415
In this paper, a modified transient finite element (FE) algorithm for the performance analysis of magnetically levitated vehicles of electromagnetic type is presented. The algorithm incorporates the external power system and vehicle’s movement equations into FE model of transient magnetic field computation directly. Sliding interface between stationary and moving region is used during the transient analysis. The periodic boundaries are implemented in an easy way to reduce the computation scale. It is proved that this method can be used for both electro-motional static and dynamic cases. The test of a transformer and an EMS-Maglev system reveals that the method generates reasonable results at very low computational costs comparing with the transient FE analysis. 相似文献
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Jie Zhang Xin-biao Xiao Xiao-zhen Sheng Rong Fu Dan Yao Xue-song Jin 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2017,18(8):617-630
This paper presents an investigation into the characteristics of interior noise of a Chinese high-speed train under several typical conditions. Interior noises within Vehicle TC01, which can be used as a head car or an end car, and Vehicle TP03, the third car counting from TC01, are measured for the train running at speeds from 260 km/h to 385 km/h, along two types of track including a slab track and a ballast track and either on the ground surface or in a tunnel. Data analyses are performed for sound pressure overall levels, frequency, area contributions, and possible generation mechanisms, showing how they are affected by train speed, running direction, track type, and tunnel. The results show that, whether TC01 is used as head car or end car, the interior noise characteristics in the VIP cabin are mostly related to aerodynamic noise. Differences in interior noise between tracks become smaller as the train speed increases. The effect of a tunnel on the interior noise is more important for the middle coach than that for the head coach. This study can provide a basis for noise control of high-speed trains. 相似文献
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When aerodynamic braking works, the braking wings can change the flow field around the train, which may impact on the comfort
and safety. Based on a sliding mesh, the pressure wave and flow field around high-speed trains with aerodynamic braking are
analyzed. By comparing three typical intersection situations, the pressure wave of a high-speed train during braking (with
or without aerodynamic braking) is studied. The analyses indicate that the pressure wave around the high-speed train body
will change while using the aerodynamic braking, causing several pressure pulses on the surface of crossing high-speed trains.
The distances between the pressure pulses are equal to the longitudinal distances of the brake wings, but the magnitudes of
the fluctuations are less than those induced by the head of crossing trains. During the crossing, a train without aerodynamic
braking will not impact the crossing train. 相似文献
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In this study, ground vibrations due to dynamic loadings from trains moving in subway tunnels were investigated using a 2.5D finite element model of an underground tunnel and surrounding soil interactions. In our model, wave propagation in the infinitely extended ground is dealt with using a simple, yet efficient gradually damped artificial boundary. Based on the assumption of invariant geometry and material distribution in the tunnel??s direction, the Fourier transform of the spatial dimension in this direction is applied to represent the waves in terms of the wave-number. Finite element discretization is employed in the cross-section perpendicular to the tunnel direction and the governing equations are solved for every discrete wave-number. The 3D ground responses are calculated from the wave-number expansion by employing the inverse Fourier transform. The accuracy of the proposed analysis method is verified by a semi-analytical solution of a rectangular load moving inside a soil stratum. A case study of subway train induced ground vibration is presented and the dependency of wave attenuation at the ground surface on the vibration frequency of the moving load is discussed. 相似文献
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悬浮控制是磁悬浮系统的关键问题,其驱动系统必须在稳定悬浮的基础上设计。将专家PID控制用于电磁悬浮系统(Electromagnetic Suspension System,简称EMS),实现了稳定悬浮。相对于常规的磁悬浮系统,由于控制中加入了专家系统,悬浮系统的响应速度明显增加。系统中只需要气隙传感器而无需加速度传感器。悬浮仿真实验表明,系统具有很好的适应性,也获得了较高的控制精度。 相似文献
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Translational torsional coupled model based nonlinear dynamic analysis of an NGW planetary gear train 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper aims to investigate the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of an NGW planetary gear train with multi-clearances and manufacturing/assembling errors. For this purpose, an analytical translational ? torsional coupled dynamic model is developed considering the effects of time-varying stiffness, gear backlashes and component errors. Based on the proposed model, the nonlinear differential equations of motion are derived and solved iteratively by the Runge-Kutta method. An NGW planetary gear reducer with three planets is taken as an example to analyze the effects of nonlinear factors. The results indicate that the backlashes induce complicated nonlinear dynamic behaviors in the gear train. With the increment of the backlashes, the gear system has experienced periodic responses, quasi-periodic response and chaos responses in sequence. When the planetary gear system is in a chaotic motion state, the vibration amplitude increases sharply, causing severe vibration and noise. The present study provides a fundamental basis for design and parameter optimization of NGW planetary gear trains. 相似文献
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A 2.5D finite element approach for predicting ground vibrations generated by vertical track irregularities 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Dynamic responses of track structure and wave propagation in nearby ground vibration become significant when train operates
on high speeds. A train-track-ground dynamic interaction analysis model based on the 2.5D finite element method is developed
for the prediction of ground vibrations due to vertical track irregularities. The one-quarter car model is used to represent
the train as lumped masses connected by springs. The embankment and the underlying ground are modeled by the 2.5D finite element
approach to improve the computation efficiency. The Fourier transform is applied in the direction of train’s movement to express
the wave motion with a wave-number. The one-quarter car model is coupled into the global stiffness matrix describing the track-ground
dynamic system with the displacement compatibility condition at the wheel-rail interface, including the irregularities on
the track surface. Dynamic responses of the track and ground due to train’s moving loads are obtained in the wave-number domain
by solving the governing equation, using a conventional finite element procedure. The amplitude and wavelength are identified
as two major parameters describing track irregularities. The irregularity amplitude has a direct impact on the vertical response
for low-speed trains, both for short wavelength and long wavelength irregularities. Track irregularity with shorter wavelength
can generate stronger track vibration both for low-speed and high-speed cases. For low-speed case, vibrations induced by track
irregularities dominate far field responses. For high-speed case, the wavelength of track irregularities has very little effect
on ground vibration at distances far from track center, and train’s wheel axle weights becomes dominant. 相似文献
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The China’s high-speed railway is experiencing a rapid growth. Its operating mileage and the number of operating trains will
exceed 45 000 km and 1500 trains by 2015, respectively. During the long range and constant high-speed operation, the high-speed
trains have extremely complex and varied work conditions. Such a situation creates a huge demand for high-speed train on-board
monitoring. In this paper, architecture for high-speed train on-board monitoring sensor network is proposed. This architecture
is designed to achieve the goals of reliable sensing, scalable data transporting, and easy management. The three design goals
are realized separately. The reliable sensing is achieved by deploying redundant sensor nodes in the same components. Then
a hierarchal transporting scheme is involved to meet the second goal. Finally, an electronic-tag based addressing method is
introduced to solve the management problem. 相似文献
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通过对双重轮系结构及运动的分析，归纳推理出一般平面多重复杂轮系运动分析的方法，并导出一个计算平面复杂轮系传动比的计算公式。 相似文献