共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 36 毫秒
1.
Although classroom inquiry is the primary pedagogy of science education, it has often been difficult to implement within conventional classroom cultures. This study turned to the alternatively structured Montessori learning environment to better understand the ways in which it fosters the essential elements of classroom inquiry, as defined by prominent policy documents. Specifically, we examined the opportunities present in Montessori classrooms for students to develop an interest in the natural world, generate explanations in science, and communicate about science. Using ethnographic research methods in four Montessori classrooms at the primary and elementary levels, this research captured a range of scientific learning opportunities. The study found that the Montessori learning environment provided opportunities for students to develop enduring interests in scientific topics and communicate about science in various ways. The data also indicated that explanation was largely teacher-driven in the Montessori classroom culture. This study offers lessons for both conventional and Montessori classrooms and suggests further research that bridges educational contexts. 相似文献
2.
AMI是由蒙台梭利本人亲自创建的蒙台梭利组织,经过91年的发展,已经成为国际上蒙台梭利教育界最富权威的机构,在蒙台梭利教育运动中发挥着引领和标杆性的作用。AMI有自己的课堂教学标准和认可层级制度,在教育实践中产生了良好的教学效果,形成了自己的教育特色。在长期教育实践中,AMI以恪守蒙台梭利教育思想原意而著称,被视为蒙台梭利教育中的守成派或旧派。但近些年该组织的发展规划和行动表明,发展与创新成为该组织的主旋律。AMI将在坚守与创新中继续发挥它在蒙台梭利教育界不可或缺的重要作用。 相似文献
3.
4.
Alison Abraham 《Educational Action Research》2013,21(4):472-487
The role of power in an English-as-a-second-language classroom has yet to be fully explored by an action research practitioner, especially in a Malaysian higher education setting. This study aims to contribute to this gap by working within an academic literacies perspective to teaching academic writing, which propagates the understanding of power-relational, socio-cultural and epistemological conditions for effective teaching and learning. As the teacher in this classroom, I focus on how power-relational conditions play out. To activate the power conditions, I used a teaching principle in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL)-negotiated interaction to reduce power-based mismatches between participants in a teaching or learning relationship in my classroom, drawing upon Kumaravadivelu’s work on post-method pedagogy for TESOL; that is, not being bound by any specific method of teaching. In analysing the different types of power that were operational in my classroom, wider implications of power that operate beyond the classroom level and how they impacted teaching and learning decisions were found to be highly illuminating. The action research methodology used for this study enabled me to reflect critically on my detailed diary recordings and student letter and interview collections, which in turn impacted on my teaching decisions as each teaching cycle was completed. My reflections also help shape my evolving identity as a teacher-researcher throughout this ongoing Malaysian action research journey. 相似文献
5.
6.
Making Room for Children's Autonomy: Maria Montessori's Case for Seeing Children's Incapacity for Autonomy as an External Failing 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 PATRICK R. FRIERSON 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2016,50(3):332-350
This article draws on Martha Nussbaum's distinction between basic, internal, and external (or combined) capacities to better specify possible locations for children's ‘incapacity’ for autonomy. I then examine Maria Montessori's work on what she calls ‘normalization’, which involves a release of children's capacities for autonomy and self‐governance made possible by being provided with the right kind of environment. Using Montessori, I argue that, in contrast to many ordinary and philosophical assumptions, children's incapacities for autonomy are best understood as consequences of an absence of external conditions necessary for children to exercise capacities they already have internally, rather than intrinsic limitations based on their stage of life. In a closing section, I show how Montessori proposes a model wherein both children and adults have autonomy, power, and responsibility, but over different spheres, and suggest implications of these differences for who has responsibility for establishing the conditions under which children can flourish. 相似文献
7.
陈兴强 《贵州教育学院学报》2007,23(5):8-10
意大利著名的儿童教育学家蒙台梭利的教育思想,其核心是重视儿童个性的发展和培养,并为保证儿童个性的健康成长提供了一个行之有效的教育模式。蒙台梭利的儿童教育思想和教育模式,对我们对"独生子女"进行教育和培养有重要启迪作用。 相似文献
8.
“三位一体”人才培养模式下的课堂教学反思 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
"教学"是一个很广泛的概念,它包括的内容很多,如教学大纲、教学计划、教学内容、教学方法,等等,但最终的实施更多是在课堂里进行,课堂也就成了培养人才的主要阵地。根据当前学校的"三位一体"人才培养模式,分析当前课堂教学中学生对知识与能力转换的现状与不足,认为知识只有通过学习主体才能转换成能力;并就教师如何改变教学理念,树立学生主体意识,营造良好的个性发展环境,培养具有创新性人才提出几点课堂教学看法和设想。 相似文献
9.
Neil Mercer 《学习科学杂志》2013,22(1):33-59
The process of teaching and learning in school has a natural long-term trajectory and cannot be understood only as a series of discrete educational events. Classroom talk plays an important role in mediating this long-term process, and in this article I argue that more attention should be given to the temporal dimension of classroom dialogue, both empirically and theoretically, if we are to appreciate how children gain an education from their classroom experience. I explore this topic using data from recent applied, interventional research in United Kingdom primary schools and examine how classroom talk is used to represent past shared experience, carry ideas forward from one occasion to another, approach future activities, and achieve learning outcomes. The article ends with a discussion of the theoretical, methodological, and educational implications of making this kind of temporal analysis. 相似文献
10.
Nicole K. Grimes 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2013,8(2):333-353
A growing body of teacher identity-based research has begun to embrace that the development of self-understanding about being a teacher is critical to learning how to teach. Construction of a professional teacher identity requires much more beyond mere content, skills and a foundational pedagogy. It also includes an intersection of the personal and professional self, which gives way to the emergence of multiple identities in the classroom. An educator’s gender, nationality, language and interests among other tenets all permeate the classroom field and coexist alongside the professional role identity. This paper aims to use narrative as a way to discuss how science educators can mediate holding several identities in the classroom in order to create an environment characterized by successful teaching and learning. Drawing from an array of sociocultural theoretical perspectives, complementary constructs of identity by Jonathan Turner (Face to face: toward a sociological theory of interpersonal behavior. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, 2002) and Amartya Sen (Identity and violence: the illusion of destiny. W. W. Norton, New York, 2006), George Lakoff’s (Metaphors we live by. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1980) work on metonymy, and David Bloome’s (2005) theorization of the power of caring relationships, I explore the ways in which my Black female Caribbean identity has transformed the science classroom field and created positive resonance for some of my privileged White students who have Caribbean caretakers at home. To begin, I unpack how Afro-Caribbean immigration to urban centers in the United States continues to produce childcare occupational opportunities in places like New York City. Being a first generation Trinidadian immigrant, my many identities have structured my science teaching praxis and consequently transformed the way my students learn science. A significant part of this paper is a reflexive account of experiences (primarily dialogue) with science students situated both within and outside the science classroom. Conversations with students who were raised through the hired help of Caribbean nannies have revealed that there is a strong resemblance to the way they perceive their caretakers as they do me—their instructor. These conversations serve as a backdrop to illuminate the dynamic nature of identity construction and its relationship to the development of ongoing dialogue. The hope is that this autoethnographic work illustrates the salience of student lifeworlds in affording opportunities for success in the science classroom. Additionally, this research seeks to illustrate how understanding the unconscious ‘backgrounding’ and ‘foregrounding’ of certain identities in the classroom can improve one’s praxis in the urban science classroom and possibly increase student success in science. It is also hoped that this story reiterates the importance of using stories for purposes of scholarship, for moving towards better understandings of the social situations we are concerned to investigate as researchers and for better communication of those understandings. 相似文献
11.
《Teaching and Teacher Education》1995,11(6):539-551
This article describes our challenge as teacher educators interested in helping our students move beyond talk about text that recalls facts to talk that is supportive of the interpretation and crafting of text. This case study describes how one teacher candidate struggled with the question, “When am I teaching?” as she attempted to reconcile what she always thought teaching was with these new ways of talking about text. A sociolinguistic analysis of one of Maureen's writing conferences illustrates the power of traditional classroom talk, the potential for transforming that talk, and ways we as teacher educators can support that transformation. 相似文献
12.
Research demonstrates that community-building in schools is an integral aspect of student success. Based on a foundation of
research findings related to the importance of implementing community-building into all aspects of a school, community-building
activities, including five specific classroom strategies (parent visits class to tell about child, weekly newsletter with
interactive activities, bi-monthly open-house hour where children explain school work to parents, Valentine letters filled
with true compliments, and a cultural celebration unit focused on Africa), were implemented in an urban magnet school. This
school was moving toward racial integration as well as implementation of a Montessori education program. As predicted from
research information, incorporating community-building strategies geared at creating a welcoming climate, at improving faculty
interaction, at fostering collaborative classrooms, and towards on-going and open teacher/parent communication and collaboration
resulted in positive outcomes in what could have otherwise been a difficult, negative or unproductive situation. 相似文献
13.
Density has been reported as one of the most difficult concepts for secondary school students (e.g. Smith et al. 1997). Discussion about the difficulties of learning this concept has been largely focused on the complexity of the concept itself or student misconceptions. Few, if any, have investigated how the concept of density was constituted in classroom interactions, and what consequences these interactions have for individual students?? conceptual understanding. This paper reports a detailed analysis of two lessons on density in a 7th Grade Australian science classroom, employing the theory of Distributed Cognition (Hollan et al. 1999; Hutchins 1995). The analysis demonstrated that student understanding of density was shaped strongly by the public classroom discussion on the density of two metal blocks. It also revealed the ambiguities associated with the teacher demonstration and the student practical work. These ambiguities contributed to student difficulties with the concept of density identified in this classroom. The results of this study suggest that deliberate effort is needed to establish shared understanding not only about the purpose of the activities, but also about the meaning of scientific language and the utility of tools. It also suggests the importance of appropriate employment of instructional resources in order to facilitate student scientific understanding. 相似文献
14.
“翻转课堂”作为新兴的教学形式,被广大教育工作者所关注。话语权是课堂教学中师生关系的一种直接体现,基于翻转课堂教师角色的新定位,探讨通过翻转课堂教师和学生话语权力的流动来实现翻转课堂教师和学生角色的转换。 相似文献
15.
蒙台梭利关于纪律教育的论述是蒙氏教育方法的重要组成部分,蒙氏学校中良好的纪律和秩序给人留下了深刻的印象。然而蒙台梭利对纪律内涵的理解和普通学校中所谓的“纪律”大相径庭,相较而言,蒙氏纪律教育对我们的启示是:创设有准备的环境、培养幼儿独立性、建立积极的纪律、在纪律教育中慎用奖励和惩罚。 相似文献
16.
17.
Pieter Verstraete 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2017,53(5):498-513
AbstractIn this article the history of silence is looked at from an educational perspective. By closely examining the way three nineteenth-century authors – who all based their educational theories on concrete experiences with persons with disabilities – have related themselves to silence, it will be argued that silence has been educationalised. Silence has been increasingly integrated in the teacher’s official tool box in order to make sure a new kind of discipline can be encountered in the classroom. The educationalisation of silence that can be found in the works of Jean-Marc Itard, Edouard Seguin and Maria Montessori seems to have been paralleled by a transformation in the way power was wielded over pupils in schools. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, silence seems to have lost its ability to symbolise critique and increasingly to have been used to steer the behaviour of children in a subtle way. In other words, by closely looking at the work of Itard, Séguin and Montessori one can see how silence became an integral part of a new educational landscape that tried to seduce children to do particular things and act in a particular way. In nineteenth-century schools the sound of docility would indeed gradually be replaced by the seduction of silence. 相似文献
18.
Catherine M. Scott 《Journal of School Choice》2017,11(1):168-190
More than 6,000 charter schools exist in the United States, and of these 120 are Montessori charter schools. When studying charter school practices, researchers often examine issues such as performance accountability measures and effectiveness of charter school curricula. In doing so, the outcomes often overlook the challenges for teachers as they attempt to blend the demands of being a charter school with performance accountability and charter school philosophies, such as the Montessori philosophy. In this longitudinal case study, I examined the ways in which teachers in a charter Montessori school used professional development to help balance the demands for standardized testing performance and Montessori goals. The findings illustrate that significant challenges exist for teachers blending multiple educational goals but that professional development can aid teachers in filling in gaps in their existing curricula. This study encourages (1) researchers to question the ways in teachers can be supported through professional development to meet accountability measures and (2) stakeholders to consider how accountability measures focused solely on student performance can have detrimental effects on charter school curricula implementation and teacher retention. 相似文献
19.
Laura Marks 《Support for Learning》2016,31(4):313-328
This article explores some of the literature concerning the effectiveness of the Montessori educational approach for children with ASC within an English school context. Firstly, there is a discussion, including a short historical review, regarding the ideology of inclusion and how it has impacted upon mainstream education. Also, how this can be facilitated using play‐based approaches such as Montessori. Secondly, various models of disability are identified in order to highlight how they have informed societal attitudes towards people with disabilities. There is a brief history of ASC detailing how a child with this disability may be affected on a daily basis and the effectiveness of alternative play‐based educational approaches such as Montessori in helping children with ASC to develop the appropriate skills they need in order to self‐regulate and thus modify their behaviour. Furthermore, the value of play‐based curriculums in supporting a child diagnosed with ASC throughout the learning process is also evaluated. The summary highlights the need for more evidence‐based studies to be undertaken in order to assess whether the Montessori approach is a valid alternative in teaching pre‐school children with ASC. 相似文献
20.
李娜 《湖州师范学院学报》2005,27(5):105-107
在世界幼儿教育改革的大潮中,蒙台梭利教育法或成为许多国家重要的幼教模式,或被成功渗入到其教育模式之中,对当今世界各国幼儿教育的改革与发展有着重要的影响.同样,蒙台梭利教育法对我国幼儿教育的改革也具有借鉴意义.但是,必须正视我国蒙台梭利教育实践过程中存在的误区,以实现蒙台梭利教育法的中国化. 相似文献