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1.
从唐至五代时期的书院来看,科举制度是促进书院发展的重要力量。书院与科举联姻的主要原因包括:儒家传统文化影响、封建家族维护稳定和发展的需要及书院教育家的榜样作用等。书院与科举的联姻在促进书院发展的同时也使书院演变成另一种形式的官学,从而阉割了书院自由讲学、独立研究的办学精神,这一历史教训令人深思。  相似文献   

2.
樊利华 《陕西教育》2009,(6):125-125
书院是我国封建社会自唐末开始萌芽的一种重要教育组织形式,它集学田、藏书、奉祀及关注时事为一体。我国书院有一千多年的发展历史,在众多的书院中白鹿洞书院被誉为四大书院之首。南宋淳熙年间,白鹿洞书院还被誉为“海内书院第一”。白鹿洞书院的前身是庐山国学,在白鹿洞书院的形成过程中李渤与朱熹起到了重要的作用,从五代到现在白鹿洞书院经历了一段曲折的发展历程。  相似文献   

3.
主持人语     
书院之名起于唐,一是官方修书的机构,二是私人讲学的场所,三是虽有“书院”之名,但对其内容与性质尚无法判断之书院。吴洪成、刘园园两位先生的《唐代河北书院考论》认为张说书院、西豁书院、棠荫书院是唐代书院,为我国的书院研究增添了色彩,值得高度重视。  相似文献   

4.
郭旭 《教育文化论坛》2019,(2):126-129,140
《贵州书院史》以贵州书院与地方文化变迁为历史视阈,深入研究了贵州书院文化的发展和流变,深刻揭示了贵州书院历史变迁的动因、贵州书院时空分布及基本特征、贵州书院的讲学风采、贵州书院在近代中国的嬗变、书院文化对贵州社会历史发展和近现代教育发展的影响,为进一步深化和拓展贵州书院史和贵州教育史的研究奠定了相当的基础,是区域书院史研究的一部力作。  相似文献   

5.
具有教学功能的书院始于唐。书院不是国家规定的一种教育制度,而是民间人士自发创造的学校教育模式,书院的名称也因此极不固定,"书院"和"书堂"("书舍"、"书斋"等)存在着互用、通用的情况。徐梓先生在《元代书院研究》中认为唐代的东佳书堂已有书院之实,但尚无书院之名,从而否定了作为教学机构的书院起源于唐代的观点。从"书院"和"书堂"("书舍"、"书斋"等)名称的互用、通用来看,这一说法难以成立。  相似文献   

6.
书院是中国古代特有的一种教育组织形式,也是有别于一般官学和私学的教育场所和学术研究单位。书院之为书院,就在于它是把讲学与学术研究紧密结合在一起的特殊教育单位。是否是讲学和学术研究场所是判断一个地方是否为书院的主要标准。根据这一标准,考辨李国钧主编的《中国书院史》中的附录三《历代书院名录》中所列的所谓“宋代福建书院”而实非的书院可知,被该书列入宋代福建书院而实非的书院主要有如下几种类型:读书处、祭祀处、读书兼祭祀处、刻书处。此外,还有一类是基于朝代划分错误的,即元代书院。  相似文献   

7.
改革开放后形成了书院研究热。然而许多研究在书院研究上持双重标准,在界说书院时所持的是科学的标准,在研究过程中则放弃了这一标准,转而将书院等同于普通官立或私立教育机构。持双重标准的书院研究于书院研究无益,于借鉴书院经验进行教育改革无补。书院科学的界说当应有民间创办而非官办、承担着藏书、修书职能和高于蒙学诸要素;只有一以贯之地坚持这一标准,才是书院研究的出路,才可能取得更有价值的成果。  相似文献   

8.
江凌 《培训与研究》2008,25(6):47-50
书院所刻印的图书,在版本学上称为“书院本”。历代书院硕儒云集,“书院本”校勘精审,质量上乘,版本价值较高。随着清代两湖地区书院的兴起和繁荣,书院刻书业也逐渐兴盛起来。清代两湖地区书院刻书业的特点和社会作用主要表现在:一是刊刻历代经史典籍、丛书、文集、名家读本,作为书院的教材和阅读参考书籍;二是刊刻大量的书院志、学规、章程、藏书目录等书院志书文献,为书院的教学管理及其基本建设服务;三是刊刻书院师生的读书札记、课艺等,反映书院师生的学术成就,为书院教学、科研服务;四是编修、刊刻地方志书文献,为地方文献的编纂、整理作出了贡献;五是刊刻硕儒巨著、名士文集、山长著述。为书院的学术研究和人才培养服务。  相似文献   

9.
试论清代两湖地区书院刻书业的特点及其社会作用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
书院所刻印的图书,在版本学上称为“书院本”。历代书院硕儒云集,“书院本”校勘精审,质量上乘,版本价值较高。随着清代两湖地区书院的兴起和繁荣,书院刻书业也逐渐兴盛起来。清代两湖地区书院刻书业的特点和社会作用主要表现在:一是刊刻历代经史典籍、丛书、文集、名家读本,作为书院的教材和阅读参考书籍;二是刊刻大量的书院志、学规、章程、藏书目录等书院志书文献,为书院的教学管理及其基本建设服务;三是刊刻书院师生的读书札记、课艺等,反映书院师生的学术成就,为书院教学、科研服务;四是编修、刊刻地方志书文献,为地方文献的编纂、整理作出了贡献;五是刊刻硕儒巨著、名士文集、山长著述。为书院的学术研究和人才培养服务。  相似文献   

10.
<正> 一、古辰州书院似非始于明代,当始建于宋代。 书院是我国封建社会特有的一种教育文化组织。其名始于唐代,开元六年设丽正书院,十三年改名集贤殿书院,置学士,掌校刊经籍,征集遗书,辨明典章,以备顾问、应对。到宋代才逐渐发展为士子肄业之所。在中华人民共和国成立以前的旧方志中,宋代沅州的黔阳县有宝山书院,靖州有侍郎书院、鹤山书院和作新书院,辰州府属的泸溪县有东洲书院,而  相似文献   

11.
The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.  相似文献   

12.
风的曲线     
Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.  相似文献   

13.
Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.  相似文献   

14.
《海外英语》2007,(5):44-45
It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,  相似文献   

15.
一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/  相似文献   

16.
《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?  相似文献   

17.
Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.  相似文献   

18.
汉字倒说     
汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。  相似文献   

19.
20.
《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.  相似文献   

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