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1.
Yaron Doppelt 《Learning Environments Research》2006,9(2):163-178
During recent decades, educational research has dealt with the contribution of the learning environment to the accomplishment of educational goals, such as improvement of academic achievement and motivation. In this research, an intervention program was implemented into the learning environment of science–technology classes at the junior high school level (Grades 7–9, 12–15 years old) in Israel. The intervention included a three-year workshop involving 224 hours each year. The teachers (N = 22) were required to reflect on their experiences using a portfolio that described their actual teaching experiences for relevant discussions at the workshop. Quantitative and qualitative tools were used to examine the teachers’ implementation of new teaching/learning and assessment methods or new subject matter, that were addressed by the workshop in their classes, and to identify learning environment characteristics and learning outcomes according to teachers’ perceptions. Differences were found between teachers’ and pupils’ perceptions of the impact of learning environment characteristics on learning outcomes. 相似文献
2.
Assessing college students’ perceptions of a case teacher’s pedagogical content knowledge using a newly developed instrument 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ongoing professional development for college teachers has been much emphasized. However, previous research on learning environments
has seldom addressed college students’ perceptions of teachers’ PCK. This study aimed to evaluate college students’ perceptions
of a physics teacher’s PCK development using a newly developed instrument and workshop intervention. A mixed method design
was employed incorporating both quantitative and qualitative techniques. The survey “Assessing Students’ Perceptions of College
Teachers’ PCK” was adopted as the instrument of research. This survey was conducted twice in this study; with the pre-test
carried out during the mid-term exam and the post-test given in the last week of the semester. The results indicate that only
SMK and IRS showed significant difference in the four categories of the survey, while IOC and KSU did not. Furthermore, the
organized workshops helped the case teacher to better understand students’ prior conceptions of the subject matter and learning
difficulties, and further facilitated her adjustment of instructional strategies. The limitations of this study are discussed
and suggestions for improvement are also provided. 相似文献
3.
Aviva Klieger Yehuda Ben-Hur Nurit Bar-Yossef 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2010,19(2):187-198
The study examines the professional development of junior-high-school teachers participating in the Israeli “Katom” (Computer
for Every Class, Student and Teacher) Program, begun in 2004. A three-circle support and training model was developed for
teachers’ professional development. The first circle applies to all teachers in the program; the second, to all teachers at
individual schools; the third to teachers of specific disciplines. The study reveals and describes the attitudes of science
teachers to the integration of laptop computers and to the accompanying professional development model. Semi-structured interviews
were conducted with eight science teachers from the four schools participating in the program. The interviews were analyzed
according to the internal relational framework taken from the information that arose from the interviews. Two factors influenced
science teachers’ professional development: (1) Introduction of laptops to the teachers and students. (2) The support and
training system. Interview analysis shows that the disciplinary training is most relevant to teachers and they are very interested
in belonging to the professional science teachers’ community. They also prefer face-to-face meetings in their school. Among
the difficulties they noted were the new learning environment, including control of student computers, computer integration
in laboratory work and technical problems. Laptop computers contributed significantly to teachers’ professional and personal
development and to a shift from teacher-centered to student-centered teaching. One-to-One laptops also changed the schools’
digital culture. The findings are important for designing concepts and models for professional development when introducing
technological innovation into the educational system. 相似文献
4.
Charles Haynes Ed.D. Pamela Hook Ph.D. Paul Macaruso Ph.D. Etsuko Muta M.Ed. Yoichi Hayashi M.A. Junko Kato M.D. Tokuko Sasaki M.Ed. 《Annals of dyslexia》2000,50(1):213-238
This study compared U.S. and Japanese grade school teachers’ perceptions of the strengths and weaknesses of children in their
classrooms identified as fitting commonly used criteria for a learning disability. U.S. teachers identified 4.0 percent of
their children as meeting the criteria and Japanese teachers identified 1.5 percent. The teachers then rated these children’s
abilities in the areas of listening, speaking, reading/writing, reasoning, mathematics, social, and study skills. Overall,
U.S. and Japanese teachers’ rating patterns were similar on 70 percent of the skills. In most areas where significant differences
were found—listening, speaking, reading/writing and study skills—U.S. teachers rated higher percentages of their children
as “weaker” than Japanese teachers. A noteworthy exception was the area of social skills where Japanese children received
higher percentages of “weak” ratings. U.S. and Japanese teachers also differed in their perceptions of causative factors leading
to their children’s learning difficulties. We discuss the findings in terms of U.S.-Japanese differences in writing systems
and cultural expectations. 相似文献
5.
Selahattin G?nen 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2008,17(1):70-81
The aims of this study were considered under three headings. The first was to elicit misconception that science and physics
student teachers (pre-service teachers) had about the terms, ‘‘inertial mass’’, ‘‘gravitational mass’’, ‘‘gravity’’, ‘‘gravitational
force’’ and “weight”. The second was to understand how prior learning affected their misconceptions, and whether teachers’
misconceptions affected their students’ learning. The third was to determine the differences between science and physics student
teachers’ understanding levels related to mass and gravity, and between their logical thinking ability levels and their attitudes
toward physics lessons. A total of 267 science and physics student teachers participated in the study. Data collection instruments
included the physics concept test, the logical thinking ability test and physics attitude scale. All instruments were administered
to the participants at the end of the 3rd semester of their university years. The physics test consisting of paper and pencil
test involving 16 questions was designed, but only four questions were related to mass and gravity; the second test consisted
of 10 questions with two stages. The third test however, consisted of 15 likert type items. As a result of the analysis undertaken,
it was found that student teachers had serious misconceptions about inertia, gravity, gravitational acceleration, gravitational
force and weight concepts. The results also revealed that student teachers generally had positive attitudes toward physics
lessons, and their logical thinking level was fairly good. 相似文献
6.
Scientific Habits of Mind in Virtual Worlds 总被引:8,自引:6,他引:2
In today’s increasingly “flat” world of globalization (Friedman 2005), the need for a scientifically literate citizenry has grown more urgent. Yet, by some measures, we have done a poor job
at fostering scientific habits of mind in schools. Recent research on informal games-based learning indicates that such technologies and the communities they evoke
may be one viable alternative—not as a substitute for teachers and classrooms, but as an alternative to textbooks and science
labs. This paper presents empirical evidence about the potential of games for fostering scientific habits of mind. In particular,
we examine the scientific habits of mind and dispositions that characterize online discussion forums of the massively multiplayer
online game World of Warcraft. Eighty-six percent of the forum discussions were posts engaged in “social knowledge construction” rather than social banter.
Over half of the posts evidenced systems based reasoning, one in ten evidenced model-based reasoning, and 65% displayed an
evaluative epistemology in which knowledge is treated as an open-ended process of evaluation and argument. 相似文献
7.
Chuan-bao Tan 《Frontiers of Education in China》2006,1(3):439-446
The transition from experience-based teachers to expertise-based ones has marked a significant phase in the history of human
education. The conceptive transition from the general “occupational ethics” of teachers to “professional ethics” is actually
an important aspect of the transition from experience-based to expertise-based teachers. The establishment of teachers’ professional
ethics bears the same historical inevitability as the movement of teachers’ professionalization. Complying with this trend,
we ought to promote the establishment of teachers’ professional ethics specifically in view of the improvement in their living
conditions and professional development.
__________
Translated from Educational Research, 2005 (1) 相似文献
8.
Kristina Andersson 《Research in Science Education》2012,42(2):281-302
This study illuminates teachers’ conceptions of gender and science and possibilities to challenge these conceptions. Since
2005, a group of teachers (K-6) in Sweden have met approximately once a month in two-hour seminars to discuss and develop
their instruction in science and technology based on a gender perspective. The present data consist mainly of audio-recordings
of the teacher seminars and video-recordings of science activities with students. Analysis of the empirical data has been
carried out in several stages and was inspired by thematic analysis, the theoretical framework of which is based on Hirdman’s
and Beauvoir’s theories of gender. The results show that the teachers’ ideas about gender/equity and science exist on several
levels, within which various conceptions are represented. On the one hand, “reasoning around similarity”, where teachers consider
that both girls and boys should have the same prerequisites for working with science. In contrast, stereotypical conceptions
of girls and boys occur when the teachers evaluate their activities with students, and condescending attitudes toward girls
are also observed. The girls’ ways of working with science are not as highly valued as the boys’, and this outlook on children
can ultimately have consequences for girls’ attitudes towards the subject. When teachers are allowed to read their own statements
about the girls, they get “a glimpse of themselves”, and their condescending ideas about girls are made visible. In this way,
the teachers can begin their active work towards change, which may lead to new outlooks on and attitudes towards students. 相似文献
9.
Sedat Ucar 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2012,21(2):255-266
Every aspect of teaching, including the instructional method, the course content, and the types of assessments, is influenced
by teachers’ attitudes and beliefs. Teacher education programs play an important role in the development of beliefs regarding
teaching and learning. The purpose of the study was to document pre-service teachers’ views on science, scientists, and science
teaching as well as the relations between these views and the offered courses over several years spent in an elementary science
teacher training program. The sample consisted of 145 pre-service elementary science teachers who were being trained to teach
general science to students in the 6th through 8th grades. The research design was a cross-sectional study. Three different
instruments were used to collect the data, namely, the “Draw a Scientist Test”, “Draw a Science Teacher Test”, and “Students’
Views about Science” tests. The elementary science teacher training program influenced pre-service science teachers’ views
about science, scientists and science teaching to different degrees. The most pronounced impact of the program was on views
about science teaching. Participants’ impressions of science teaching changed from teacher-centered views to student-centered
ones. In contrast, participants’ views about scientists and science did not change much. This result could be interpreted
as indicating that science teacher training programs do not change views about science and scientists but do change beliefs
regarding teaching science. 相似文献
10.
This paper describes the analysis of teachers’ journal reflections during an inquiry-based professional development program.
As a part of their learning experience, participants reflected on what they learned and how they learned. Progress of subject
matter and pedagogical content knowledge was assessed though surveys and pre- and posttests. We found that teachers have difficulties
reflecting on their learning and posing meaningful questions. The teachers who could describe how they reasoned from evidence
to understand a concept had the highest learning gains. In contrast those teachers who seldom or never described learning
a concept by reasoning from evidence showed the smallest learning gains. This analysis suggests that learning to reflect on
one’s learning should be an integral part of teachers’ professional development experiences. 相似文献
11.
Rachel Mamlok-Naaman Avi Hofstein John E. Penick 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2007,18(4):497-524
We describe a workshop in which 10 teachers from 10 schools, located in central Israel, participated in the development of
alternative assessment tools in the context of implementing a new science curriculum for senior high-school students, namely
“Science for All” (an STS type curriculum). In order to assist a group of teachers (who began teaching the “Science for All”
program) in both teaching and assessment strategies, it was decided that the Department of Science Teaching at the Weizmann
Institute of Science would sponsor a workshop for them. An evaluation study was conducted during the workshop and at its completion.
The main goal of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of the workshop and to determine whether its objectives were attained.
The research tools consisted of (a) an attitude questionnaire administered to participating teachers, (b) structured interviews
with the teachers, (c) structured interviews with students, and (d) an attitude questionnaire administered to the students.
Based on the results of the questionnaires and the interviews, it seems that all the teachers who participated in the workshop
gained self-confidence in using the teaching strategies and assessment methods of this new interdisciplinary curriculum. The
interviews with students revealed that their active involvement in their own assessment improved their sense of responsibility
for their achievements. The variety of assignments enabled them to be at their best with certain assignments and to succeed
less with others. In conclusion, we found that running a new interdisciplinary curriculum requires a professional development
program that will stimulate teachers’ creativity and diversify the instructional strategies that they use in the classroom.
Such skills should improve their ability to understand the goals, strategies, and rationale of the curriculum, as well as
their students’ learning difficulties. 相似文献
12.
In the new science and technology junior-high-school curriculum in Israel, it is recommended that the cell topic be taught
“longitudinally in conjunction with other study contents”. This recommendation confers a change in teaching the cell topic
and provides an opportunity to form meaningful relationships between biological phenomena at the macro-level and their cellular
explanations. Here, we examine junior-high-school science and technology teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) with
regard to the cell topic and the formation of macro-micro relations, ten years following the publication of the change in
the curriculum. Teachers in this study participated in three focus groups (n = 59) and one workshop (n = 12). In addition, six experienced teachers were interviewed in the course of this study. Specific tools were developed
to capture the teachers’ PCK. We found that the teachers had changed their way of teaching the cell topic only superficially:
they did not undergo any deep change. Despite the importance the teachers placed on teaching and learning the cell topic,
their concerns about their students’ comprehension difficulties reduced the time they devoted to teaching the topic in class.
The teachers were also found to have no PCK capacity to integrate biological phenomena at the macro-level with their cellular
explanations. In addition, a duality was identified among the teachers with regards to relating macro- and micro-levels in
biology and in chemistry. 相似文献
13.
Jocelyn L. N. Wong 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2010,11(2):131-139
The concept of “professional learning community” (PLC) has been suggested as a tool to improve teachers’ professional competency
and students’ learning outcomes since the mid-1990s. In such a community, teachers can share their individual practices with
the aim of searching for “good practice” based on the outcome of collective inquiry. Such a learning process will result in
a reculturing of the school community by reshaping the existing values and cultures and resolving problems such as teacher
isolation and individualism. China already has a long tradition of teachers working and learning collaboratively, so investigating
collaborative efforts in this context may provide a view of how to contextualize professional development of teachers in schools.
This study attempts to access teachers’ lenses in order to explore their views on the effects of subject-based professional
learning activities. This also helps to explain how teachers work and openly share their practices aiming at improving their
professional competency and student learning outcomes within their communities. Also, factors influencing the sustainability
of a professional learning community will be discussed. 相似文献
14.
Using cluster analysis this study investigated the characteristics of learning strategies learners use in online courses with
one-on-one mentoring. Three distinct approaches were identified: “Mastery oriented”, “Task focused” and “Minimalist in effort”.
Despite the widespread concern that students will have difficulty managing their time in online courses with high level of
student freedom, this study found that the vast majority of learners were very effective in their learning strategies. The
findings speak well for the potential of distance education environments to provide high quality self-paced learning, accommodating
different learning strategies, which is difficult to do in group-paced courses. We further explored how these approaches relate
to and interact with, participants’ background and their levels of satisfaction and self reported learning. 相似文献
15.
Eugenia Vomvoridi-Ivanovi? 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2012,15(1):53-66
This paper explores Mexican–American prospective teachers’ use of culture—defined as social practices and shared experiences—as
an instructional resource in mathematics. The setting is an after-school mathematics program for the children of Mexican heritage.
Qualitative analysis of the prospective teachers’ and children’s interactions reveals that the nature of the mathematical
activities affected how culture was used. When working on the “binder activities,” prospective teachers used culture only
in non-mathematical contexts. When working on the “recipes project,” however, culture was used as a resource in mathematical
contexts. Implications for the mathematics teacher preparation of Latinas/os are discussed. 相似文献
16.
The purpose of this mixed methods sequential explanatory study was to identify factors contributing to students’ persistence
in the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Distributed Doctoral Program in Educational Leadership in Higher Education by obtaining
quantitative results from surveying 278 current and former students and then following up with four purposefully selected
typical respondents to explore those results in more depth. In the first, quantitative, phase, five external and internal
to the program factors were found to be predictors to students’ persistence in the program: “program”, “online learning environment”,
“student support services”, “faculty”, and “self-motivation”. In the qualitative follow up multiple case study analysis four
major themes emerged: (1) quality of academic experiences; (2) online learning environment; (3) support and assistance; and
(4) student self-motivation. The quantitative and qualitative findings from the two phases of the study are discussed with
reference to prior research. Implications and recommendations for policy makers are provided. 相似文献
17.
Pessia Tsamir 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2007,65(3):255-279
This paper indicates that prospective teachers’ familiarity with theoretical models of students’ ways of thinking may contribute
to their mathematical subject matter knowledge. This study introduces the intuitive rules theory to address the intuitive,
same sides-same angles solutions that prospective teachers of secondary school mathematics come up with, and the proficiency they acquired during
the course “Psychological aspects of mathematics education”. The paper illustrates how drawing participants’ attention to
their own erroneous applications of same sides-same angles ideas to hexagons, challenged and developed their mathematical knowledge. 相似文献
18.
The influence of video clubs on teachers’ thinking and practice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Elizabeth A. van Es Miriam Gamoran Sherin 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2010,13(2):155-176
This article examines a model of professional development called “video clubs” in which teachers watch and discuss excerpts
of videos from their classrooms. We investigate how participation in a video club influences teachers’ thinking and practice
by exploring three related contexts: (a) teachers’ comments during video-club meetings, (b) teachers’ self-reports of the
effects of the video club, and (c) teachers’ instruction across the year. Data analysis revealed changes in all three contexts.
In the video-club meetings, teachers paid increased attention to student mathematical thinking over the course of the year.
In interviews, teachers reported having learned about students’ mathematical thinking, about the importance of attending to
student ideas during instruction, and about their school’s mathematics curriculum. Finally, shifts were also uncovered in
the teachers’ instruction. By the end of the year, teachers increasingly made space for student thinking to emerge in the
classroom, probed students’ underlying understandings, and learned from their students while teaching. 相似文献
19.
Animation has great potential for improving the way people learn. A number of studies in different scientific disciplines
have shown that instruction involving computer animations can facilitate the understanding of processes at the molecular level.
However, using animation alone does not ensure learning. Students sometimes miss essential features when they watch only animations,
mainly due to the cognitive load involved. Moreover, students seem to attribute a great deal of authority to the computer
and may develop misconceptions by taking animations of abstract concepts too literally. In this study, we attempted to explore
teachers’ perceptions concerning the use of animations in the classroom while studying biotechnological methods, as well as
the teachers’ contribution to the enactment of animations in class. Thirty high-school biotechnology teachers participated
in a professional development workshop, aimed at investigating how teachers plan for and support learning with animation while
studying biotechnological methods in class. From that sample, two teachers agreed to participate in two case studies aimed
at characterizing teachers’ contribution to the enactment of animations in class while studying biotechnological methods.
Our findings reveal marked teacher contribution in the following three aspects: establishing the “hands-on” point of view,
helping students deal with the cognitive load that accompanies the use of animation, and implementing constructivist aspects
of knowledge construction while studying using animations. 相似文献
20.
Recognizing meaning in students’ mathematical ideas is challenging, especially when such ideas are different from standard
mathematics. This study examined, through a teaching-scenario task, the reasoning and responses of prospective elementary
and secondary teachers to a student’s non-traditional strategy for dividing fractions. Six categories of reasoning were constructed,
making a distinction between deep and surface layers. The connections between the participants’ reasoning, their teaching
response, and their beliefs about mathematics teaching were investigated. We found that there were not only differences but
also similarities between the prospective elementary and secondary teachers’ reasoning and responses. We also found that those
who unpacked the mathematical underpinning of the student’s non-traditional strategy tended to use what we call “teacher-focused”
responses, whereas those doing less analysis work tended to construct “student-focused” responses. These results and their
implications are discussed in relation to the influential factors the participants themselves identified to explain their
approach to the given teaching-scenario task.
相似文献
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