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1.
Patricia Broadfoot 《International Journal of Educational Development》1982,2(2):107-116
The study of educational assessment procedures has been traditionally largely the concern of psychometricians and educational administrators. Little attention has typically been given to trying to understand the social origins of particular procedures and their implications for individual pupils and the society as a whole. This article explores the strength of the hold of assessment procedures on education systems and some of the more noticeable international trends in educational assessment at the present time. The article suggests that although these trends tend to be more visible in developed countries, the pressure for reform is more urgent in developing countries where the likelihood of realisation is most problematic.As well as exploring the significance of a number of common national characteristics, the article examines briefly the implications of different administrative arrangements as they affect the role of assessment in the education system. The final part of the paper offers a more speculative analysis of the scope for fundamental change in assessment procedures in line with the new demands likely to be made on educational systems by current economic and technological trends. 相似文献
2.
This study investigated the relationship between problem familiarity and students’ learning in a problem-based course. Problem familiarity in this study refers to the extent to which a problem fits with students’ prior knowledge and experiences. As part of regular course work, 172 students were given two problems on different occasions. These problems varied in the extent of problem familiarity. Students’ report of their learning activities and tutor’s assessment of the students’ learning were collected at the end of the problems. Results showed that both the students and tutors found the familiar problem to be better for learning. However, some elements of unfamiliarity may not be all that bad. For instance, unfamiliarity may result in more questioning, thinking and reasoning. However, this did not contribute to significant difference in terms of overall critical reasoning. Results also indicated a need to closely examine students’ critical reasoning (in terms of evaluating multiple perspectives) and students’ collaborative learning (in terms of brainstorming and discussion) when given familiar/unfamiliar problems. 相似文献
3.
高等学校课堂教学质量评价的探索--兼谈我院课堂教学质量评价的实践 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该文指出了高等学校课堂教学质量评价的重要意义，回顾了课堂教学质量评价的有关理论。指出了在课堂教学质量评价过程和结果使用中存在的主要问题。在此基础上，提出了我院课堂教学质量评价的指导思想，形成了评价方案。报告了评价结果。并指出了今后继续改进的方向。 相似文献
4.
《International Journal of Educational Development》1995,15(4):341-362
Literacy and economic development have existed as terms that are inextricably linked in the literature, often with little examination. As one looks more closely at the rationales for this relationship, it becomes clear that much more needs to be known about the functions and uses of literacy in everyday life, how literacy is linked to productive activity and how literacy is learned and taught across the life-span. In order to achieve both understanding and improved literacy programming, it is essential that better methods of assessment and program evaluation be put into place. This paper reviews prior experience in assessment, with special attention to the use of literacy surveys, as well as some of the problems with international literacy statistics. The paper concludes with a discussion of innovations in literacy and policy alternatives in the year 2000 and beyond. Also provided is an extended reference list on the published literature in this area. 相似文献
5.
Stuart Ian Boon 《Education 3-13》2016,44(2):212-225
This article reports on how an action research strategy was used to increase children's uptake of feedback during peer assessment in primary school writing. Several different strategies were used in the study that had been successful in increasing students’ uptake of peer feedback in contexts such as higher education. In order to evaluate how successful these actions were, several different data collection methods were drawn upon to triangulate findings including children's work, observations, informal interviews and mind mapping. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data generated. Findings are consistent with those from research in other settings which suggest that pupils make better use of feedback if: it is task-involving and useful; there is sufficient time given for them to act on it and discuss it with their peers; and they are asked to reflect on how it has been used to improve the quality of the assessed work. 相似文献
6.
郑飞 《宁波教育学院学报》2006,8(3):79-80
形成性评价是英语教学中的一种重要评价方式。访谈是开展形成性评价的工具之一。教师通过访谈,能直接了解学生的学习情况以及他们在学习过程中出现的问题和持有的情感、策略,并当面作出评价,同时还可以对他们学习中碰到的问题提出解决的办法。访谈灵活、收效大,而且根据不同的教学目的和任务,可采取不同的访谈形式,它是我们在对学生进行形成性评价时值得借鉴的一种方式。 相似文献
7.
牛健 《宁波广播电视大学学报》2003,1(2):41-44
本文采用文献回顾的方式，探讨了教育测试中的两个基本问题：测试的内涵及测试的目的。在本文中，测试指对学生的学习表现进行测评或评价。本文强调，测试的根本目的在于促进学生学习、促进教师教学以及促进学校的教学管理。换言之，测试旨在提高教育质量，培养优秀人才，而不仅仅局限于对学生的学习结果做出评价。 相似文献
8.
David Bridges 《British Educational Research Journal》2009,35(4):497-517
For better or for worse, the assessment of research quality is one of the primary drivers of the behaviour of the academic community with all sorts of potential for distorting that behaviour. So, if you are going to assess research quality, how do you do it? This article explores some of the problems and possibilities, with particular reference to the UK Research Assessment Exercise and discussion around the proposed new Research Excellence Framework and the ongoing work of the Framework 7 European Education Research Quality Indicators project (EERQI). It begins by asking whether there are any meaningful generic criteria of quality which can be applied to research, and tension between such criteria and the diverse and sometimes contradictory requirements of educational research. It then looks at attempts to identify measurable indicators of quality, including consideration of the location of the publication, citation and download counts, and approaches based semantic analysis of machine readable text—but finds all these quasi ‘scientific’ attempts at quality assessment wanting (hence the ‘impossible science’). This is all the more the case because of their attachment to extrinsic correlates of quality rather than intrinsic characteristics of quality and hence the probability that the measures will induce behaviours not conducive to quality enhancement. Instead the article turns to a different approach. This is better expressed perhaps as quality ‘appreciation’, ‘discernment’ or even ‘connoisseurship’ and is rooted in the arts and humanities rather than in (quasi) science. It considers whether this might offer a better approximation to the kind of judgement involved in quality assessment of a piece of research writing than the sort of metrics approaches favoured in current discussion. 相似文献
9.
Kirsti M Ala-Mutka 《Computer Science Education》2013,23(2):83-102
Practical programming is one of the basic skills pursued in computer science education. On programming courses, the coursework consists of programming assignments that need to be assessed from different points of view. Since the submitted assignments are executable programs with a formal structure, some features can be assessed automatically. The basic requirement for automated assessment is the numerical measurability of assessment targets, but semiautomatic approaches can overcome this restriction. Recognizing automatically assessable features can help teachers to create educational models, where automatic tools let teachers concentrate their work on the learning issues that need student-teacher interaction the most. Several automatic tools for both static and dynamic assessment of computer programs have been reported in the literature. This article promotes these issues by surveying several automatic approaches for assessing programming assignments. Not all the existing tools will be covered, simply because of the vast number of them. The article concentrates on bringing forward different assessment techniques and approaches to give an interested reader starting points for finding further information in the area. Automatic assessment tools can be used to help teachers in grading tasks as well as to support students' working process with automatic feedback. Common advantages of automation are the speed, availability, consistency and objectivity of assessment. However, automatic tools emphasize the need for careful pedagogical design of the assignment and assessment settings. To effectively share the knowledge and good assessment solutions already developed, better interoperability and portability of the tools is needed. 相似文献
10.
评估是开展科学有效的言语、语言训练的前提和基础,对语言能力作出准确的诊断评估则需要一定工具。目前,语言评估可以通过标准化测验和非标准化的评估方法进行评估。本文采用文献综述的方法,对现今国外、境外、大陆地区使用范围较广、评价较高的标准化语言评估工具进行介绍,以了解这些工具的主要内容、施测过程、信效度及优缺点,供评估者选择使用。 相似文献
11.
Colin Harrison 《Interchange》1996,27(3-4):349-360
The question underpinning this paper, and the international symposium on reading assessment at the University of Nottingham which preceded it, is this: “In what ways can we learn from each other how to improve reading assessment, at the personal, classroom, local and national levels?” This paper will attempt to answer the question “How can we learn from each other?” in the following ways: first some background information on the New Paradigms in Reading Assessment (NPRA) seminar will be presented; second, an account will be offered about what has been happening in language arts assessment (the subject termed ‘English’) in the United Kingdom, which goes some way to explaining why in England there has been a particularly urgent need to learn from the experiences of other countries; third, some examples will be given of new approaches to assessment in other countries, particularly the United States, Australia, and Scotland (which has the same government, but a different education system from that in England and Wales) from which those of us in England might learn; fourth, some principles which might underpin new assessment approaches within the English system will be put forward; and finally, an indication will be given of how some of these principles are being put into practice in classrooms in England, as pilot work on an international collaborative study. 相似文献
12.
SPU课程评价作为科学课程评价中一种独特的模式,与传统科学课程评价有着很大的不同。本文从评价目标、评价内容、评价方式等不同的角度,深入剖析了SPU课程评价的思想与方法,希望能够给我们的科学课程评价改革提供一些有益的启示。 相似文献
13.
Gayan Wedawatta 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2018,42(2):223-236
Undergraduate programmes on construction management and other closely related built environment disciplines are currently taught and assessed on a modular basis. This is the case in the UK and in many other countries globally. However, it can be argued that professionally oriented programmes like these are better assessed on a non-modular basis, in order to produce graduates who can apply knowledge on different subject contents in cohesion to solve complex practical scenarios in their work environments. The examples of medical programmes where students are assessed on a non-modular basis can be cited as areas where this is already being done. A preliminary study was undertaken to explore the applicability of non-modular assessment within construction management undergraduate education. A selected sample of university academics was interviewed to gather their perspectives on the applicability of non-modular assessment. General acceptance was observed among the academics involved that integrating non-modular assessment is applicable and will be beneficial. All academics stated that at least some form of non-modular assessment was being currently used in their programmes. Examples where cross-modular knowledge is assessed included comprehensive/multidisciplinary project modules and creating larger modules to amalgamate a number of related subject areas. As opposed to a complete shift from modular to non-modular, an approach where non-modular assessment is integrated and its use further expanded within the current system is therefore suggested. This is due to the potential benefits associated with this form of assessment for professionally aligned built environment programmes. 相似文献
14.
高校网上竞价系统作为规范高校零星采购的有效方式,显示了不同于传统采购方式的明显优势,但是在实践中也存在一些问题.该文就个人对使用网上竞价系统过程中发现的问题进行了思考和分析,并提 出了相应的解决方法与对策. 相似文献
15.
16.
谈中国网络视频网站发展现状与趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以新一代数字技术、网络技术、信息技术为基础的网络视频业务,作为世界高新技术发展的大趋势,正以锐不可挡之势,给传统媒体带来巨大的变革．结合对网络视频网站的发展现状和趋势的分析,针对网络视频网站亟待完善的问题提出相关建议,旨在为我国网络视频业稳健发展提供有益借鉴． 相似文献
17.
在大力构建和谐社会的今天,作为高校教师队伍和管理队伍的重要组成部分的辅导员对建设和谐校园具有重要作用,分析辅导员队伍的不和谐现状及其和谐视野下辅导员队伍建设的重要意义,提出辅导员队伍建设的对策思考。 相似文献
18.
刘萍 《教学研究(河北)》2007,30(6):479-482
众所周知,美国高等教育的发展处于世界领先地位,但在本国无法得到普遍认可,被认为处在前所未有的"危机"当中。本文分析了美国高等教育"危机"的三个来源及产生的影响,得出的启示有助于理性分析我国高等教育发展中出现的各样问题。 相似文献
19.
This article explores the concept of a literate environment as a framework for better recognizing and more fully specifying the demand side of Education For All – that is, the factors that determine the uses to which new literate, numerate and technical skills can in fact be beneficially put in any given context. Lessons from the history of literacy and experience from the assessment of nonformal education programs in Africa are used to suggest a perspective that balances the supply and demand sides of the issue and some of the policies and political conditions for achieving EFA under initially threadbare circumstances. 相似文献
20.
Psychology has penetrated many domains of society and its vocabulary and discourse has become part of our everyday conversations. It not only carries with it the promise that it will deliver insights into human behaviour, but it is also believed that it can address many of the problems human beings are confronted with. As a discipline it thrives in the present climate of performativity, where more attention is given to means than to ends. The article observes first that for education and thus for educational research, though psychology's approach can be valuable, other theoretical stances are also necessary. It then analyses why psychology may be attractive nowadays in the educational field and identifies its prestige in academia, partly arising from its professionalization, but above all the use of a particular method and the focus on certain contents. This has historical antecedents, and so some illustrations are given of previous developments, paying attention as well to the controversies in which educational psychology has been involved in the past, as well as to the need of biographical research, which warns us to be careful with generalizations. It is argued that a more balanced approach (invoking the particularities of the situation as well as a broader concept of practical rationality) is required for the study of education and that educational researchers therefore should resist the tendency to see psychology as the default auxiliary science of education; instead they should reclaim their territory, do justice to the responsibility that is required and highlight the importance of understanding social practices to a large extent in terms of reasons and intentions. 相似文献