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1.
Improving Campus Climate to Support Faculty Diversity and Retention: A Pilot Program for New Faculty
Fred Piercy Valerie Giddings Katherine Allen Benjamin Dixon Peggy Meszaros Karen Joest 《Innovative Higher Education》2005,30(1):53-66
We report on a series of pilot programs that we developed and carried out to support the success and satisfaction of new faculty, particularly faculty of color. We hope that others committed to retaining and supporting underrepresented faculty can apply our learning from this pilot project, as a whole or in part.Fred P. Piercy, Ph.D. (University of Florida), M.Ed. (University of South Carolina), B.A. (Wake Forest University) is the Department Head of the Department of Human Development at Virginia Tech. His professional interests include family therapy education, HIV social science research and prevention, and family intervention for adolescent drug abusers. Valerie Giddings, Ph.D., M.S. (Virginia Tech), B.S. (Bennett College) is the Associate Vice Chancellor for Lifelong Learning at Winston-Salem State University. Her professional interests include anthropometry and apparel fit, cultural aesthetics for apparel, and diversity issues in higher education. Katherine R. Allen, Ph.D., M.A. (Syracuse University), B.S. (University of Connecticut) is a Professor in Human Development at Virginia Tech. Her interests include family diversity over the life course, adult sibling ties in transition, and persistence of women and minorities in IT majors. Benjamin Dixon, Ed.D. (University of Massachusetts), M.A.T. (Harvard University), B.Mus.Ed. (Howard University) is the Vice President for Multicultural Affairs at Virginia Tech. His interests include diversity, multicultural education, ethical pluralism, and equity and inclusion issues related to organizational management and development. Peggy S. Meszaros, Ph.D. (University of Maryland), M.S. (University of Kentucky), B.S. (Austin Peay State University) is the William E. Lavery Professor of Human Development and the Director of the Center for Information Technology Impacts on Children, Youth, and Families at Virginia Tech. Her interests include positive youth development, leadership issues, female career transitions, and mother/daughter communication. Karen Joest, Ph.D. (Virginia Tech), M.S. (Chaminade University), B.S. (Indiana State University) is an Assistant Professor of Child and Family Studies at the State University of New York, College at Oneonta. Her interests include adolescents exposed to domestic violence, use of qualitative research, and use of technology and feminist pedagogy 相似文献
2.
This study involved an analysis of faculty trust in a large southwestern institution. After reviewing the literature, we identified
a valid and reliable instrument, the Higher Education Faculty Trust Inventory, to measure higher education faculty trust in
administrators, colleagues, and students. We then used this instrument to gauge various aspects of faculty trust, and we found
significant trust differences among professors of varying academic ranks (i.e., adjunct, assistant, associate, and full professor).
We found, however, no significant trust differences in regard to race. Finally, we discuss the findings within a context of
implications for future research and practice in higher education.
Page A. Smith received his B.S. in Education from Wright State University, M.S. in Educational Administration from the University of Dayton,
M.A. in Educational Administration from The Ohio State University and his Ph.D. in Educational Policy and Leadership from
The Ohio State University. He is an Associate Professor at the University of Texas at San Antonio. His research pursuits include
organizational climate and health, institutional trust, workplace aggression and bullying, and leadership development.
Alan R. Shoho received his B.S. in Electrical Engineering from California State University at Fullerton, M.Ed. in Secondary Education from
the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and his Ed.D. in Secondary Education from Arizona State University. He is an Associate
Professor at the University of Texas at San Antonio. His research interests include aspiring principals, high school reform,
and organizational trust. 相似文献
3.
This article discusses the key challenges to successful quality management implementation in higher education institutions identified by 160 colleges and universities at various stages of quality management practices. Survey findings suggest that there are five key challenges that affect the successful implementation of quality management practices in colleges and universities: organizational culture, senior leadership commitment, faculty support, implementation time, and training.Julie E. Horine, Ph.D. (The Florida State University) is Assistant Professor of Organizational Behavior in the Department of Educational Leadership at the University of Mississippi. Her areas of professional expertise include quality management and the use of the Baldrige criteria as a diagnostic tool for organizational improvement. Julie is a two-year Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Examiner and an evaluator of the Baldrige Education Pilot Criteria. William A. Hailey, DBA (University of Kentucky), is Professor of Operations Management and Information Systems and holder of the H.E McCarty Chair in the Else School of Management at Millsaps College in Jackson, Mississippi. He is recognized as a Fellow, Certified Quality Engineer, and Certified Quality Auditor by the American Society for Quality Control. His areas of professional expertise include strategic quality planning, quality management training, and designing information systems for implementing continuous improvement principles. 相似文献
4.
This article details one university’s efforts to develop graduate courses and programs to better serve the needs of the increasing non-traditional student population in underserved rural areas. A detailed overview is presented, along with the strategic planning outcomes achieved. We hope this article will initiate dialogue among higher education professionals on ways to better meet the academic needs of non-traditional students in underserved rural areas.
Erinn D. Lake earned a B.S. in Business Administration and an M.A. in Communication Studies from Edinboro University and a D.Ed. in Administration and Leadership Studies from Indiana University of Pennsylvania. She is the Assistant Vice President for University Planning, Institutional Research, and Continuous Improvement at Edinboro University.
Andrew J. Pushchak earned an Ed.D in Educational Leadership from Youngstown State University. He is an Assistant Professor for the Educational Leadership Program in the Department of Professional Studies at Edinboro University. 相似文献
5.
Experienced undergraduate students served as Peer Learning Assistants (PLAs) to facilitate group process and dynamics in cooperative learning groups. The use of this model in large classes (150 students) resulted in statistically significant improvements in group performance and satisfaction with the group experience. PLAs defused conflict in groups which were, by their cognitively diverse nature, conflict-prone. Student attitudes about their PLAs and PLA attitudes about the experience were positive. Faculty productivity was substantially enhanced because group dynamics problems rarely landed in the faculty office.James E. Groccia is the Director of the Program for Excellence in Teaching at the University of Missouri, Columbia. He received the Ed.D. in Educational and Counseling Psychology from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, the Ms.Ed. in Social Science Education from Hofstra University, and the B.A. in Psychology from Hartwick College. Judith E. Miller is Associate Professor of Biology and Biotechnology at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts. She received the Ph.D. in Microbiology from Case Western Reserve University and the B.S. in Biological Sciences from Cornell University. Her special interests include the restructuring of technical courses to include cooperative learning and educational productivity. 相似文献
6.
Laura Goodwin Elizabeth Kozleski Rodney Muth Lynn K. Rhodes Kim Kennedy White 《Innovative Higher Education》2005,30(4):251-268
This article describes the establishment in fall 2002 of a School of Education Research Center designed to support faculty
in increasing productivity and quality in research. Details are provided about center goals, services, staffing, space, resources,
and logistics during the first year of operation. In addition, data are shared about faculty usage of the Center, the level
of faculty satisfaction with center services in the first year, and initial increases in faculty productivity. The article
concludes with plans for continued data collection to monitor the impact of the Center, a discussion of lessons learned at
this point in the Center's development, and possibilities for the evolution of the Center.
All authors are at the University of Colorado, Denver. Laura Goodwin, Ph.D., University of Colorado at Boulder, is Interim
Associate Vice Chancellor for Faculty Affairs and continues to serve as a Faculty Research Associate. Elizabeth Kozleski,
Ed.D., University of Northern Colorado, is the Associate Dean for Research in the School of Education. Lynn Rhodes, Ed.D.,
Indiana University, is the Dean of the School of Education. Rodney Muth, Ph.D., Claremont Graduate School, is a professor
of Administrative Leadership and Policy Studies in the school and chaired the Research Center Advisory Board. Kim Kennedy
White, M.A., University of Oregon, was the original School of Education Research Center Coordinator and was responsible for
collecting most of the data included in this study. 相似文献
7.
Most modern cognitive theories postulate that active executive control is the only internal source of self-regulation of learning processes. To account for incidental and other categories of unintentional learning, this study explored the hypothesis that two independent sources of internal control regulate academic learning: (a) active (or executive) and (b) dynamic (or nonexecutive). College undergraduates completed an inventory of active and dynamic learning processes. The findings supported the twosource hypothesis. Moreover, when the contribution of dynamic self-regulation was removed, the correlation between active self-regulation and learning was no longer significant. When active self-regulation was removed, the correlation between dynamic self-regulation and learning remained basically the same.Asghar Iran-Nejad received his Ph.D. in 1983 from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He is Associate Professor of Educational Psychology at The University of Alabama. His research interests and publications include the multisource nature of learning, cognitive and affective causes of interest, and sources of self-regulation. Brad S. Chissom received his Ed.D. in 1969 from Florida State University. He is Professor and Program Chair in Educational Research at The University of Alabama. He has written in the areas of educational research methodology, measurement and statistical applications. 相似文献
8.
During the spring semester of 1987 a mathematician and a physicist from Oberlin College went with twenty-one undergraduates to London to use the resources of England as the basis for a course with the above title. This unusual interdisciplinary course is described, with emphasis on its experimental, experiential nature and the challenges and satisfactions which it provided.Joseph L. Snider is Professor of Physics at Oberlin College. He received his undergraduate degree in physics from Amherst College in 1956 and his Ph.D. in experimental physics from Princeton University in 1961. He has taught and done research at Harvard University and at Oberlin College. His areas of interest are solar physics, astrophysics, relativity, and the history and philosophy of science. Recently he has become interested in working to improve the teaching of physics and astronomy to pre-college students.Bruce Pollack-Johnson is Assistant Professor of Mathematics at Oberlin College, where he is responsible for the operations research program. He received a B.A. in sociology with a minor in education from Brandeis University in 1975, an M.A. in mathematics from Temple University in 1979, and an M.S. and Ph.D. in operations research from the University of Pennsylvania in 1980 and 1983, respectively. He has published in the areas of human resource modeling, forecasting, educational planning, simulation, and project management, and his current research includes project scheduling and conflict resolution. He has helped develop new courses for liberal arts students on introductory computer science and educational philosophy, as well as the course described in this article, and is also Co-Director of the Lorain County Peace Education Project. 相似文献
9.
10.
Are four heads better than one? A comparison of cooperative and traditional teaching formats in an introductory biology course 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The objective of this experiment was to compare the impact of a cooperative learning format with a traditional lecture-oriented format in the teaching of introductory biology. Differences were found in favor of the cooperative learning format in measures of student satisfaction, the ability to find information on one's own, the acquisition of factual knowledge, and the ability to work with others. The results of this study affirm the viability of using a cooperative learning approach over a traditional lecture format.Judith E. Miller is Director of Educational Development and Professor of Biology and Biotechnology at WPI, Worcester, Massachusetts. She received the Ph.D. in Microbiology from Case Western Reserve University and the B.S. in Biological Sciences from Cornell University. Her special interests include the restructuring of technical courses to include cooperative learning and educational productivity. James E. Groccia is the Director of the Program for Excellence in Teaching at the University of Missouri, Columbia. He received the Ed.D. in Educational and Counseling Psychology from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, the M.S.Ed. in Social Science Education from Hofstra University, and the B.A. in Psychology from Hartwick College. 相似文献
11.
This study used empirical data to investigate College of Education faculty’s perceptions, beliefs, and commitment to diversity. A 44-item survey composed of Likert scale-type questions about characteristics, experiences, perspectives, and personal commitments to addressing diversity issues together with demographic questions, was administered to 116 COE faculty from four urban universities. A MANOVA where the independent variables were the demographic data and the dependent variables were five subscales (importance of diversity, training for pre-service teachers, college support, teaching diversity in courses, and issues of racial sensitivity) identified four statistically significant factors in faculty’s beliefs regarding the importance of diversity. The study found no support for a relationship between the faculty’s beliefs about the importance of teaching diversity and their teaching practices.Lynn A. Smolen is a Professor in the Department of Curricular and Instructional Studies, The University of Akron and has received her Ph.D. from the University of Florida. She teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in reading, ESL methods, and diversity issues. Her areas of interest in research are diversity issues, multicultural literature, and the reading development of culturally and linguistically diverse students. Susan Colville-Hall, is an Associate Professor in the Department of Curricular and Instructional Studies, The University of Akron and has received her Ph.D. from the Ohio State University. She teaches undergraduate and graduate courses on Diversity/Multicultural Education, Instructional and Management Practices and Techniques for Teaching Foreign Languages. Her research areas are foreign language acquisition, teacher education, and diversity issues. She is also involved in international education. Xin Liang is an Assistant professor in the Department of Educational Foundations and Leadership, The University of Akron and has received her Ph.D. from the University of North Dakota. She teaches research methods, statistics, classroom assessment and program evaluation. Her research interests are school effectiveness, research methods and evaluation. Suzanne Mac Donald is an Associate Professor in the Department of Educational Foundations and Leadership, The University of Akron and has received her Ed.D. from the University of Hawaii. Suzanne Mac Donald’s specialty is Social Foundations of Education with emphasis in Educational Anthropology. She teaches social foundations, diversity issues, and qualitative research. Her research interests currently focus on teacher education and its role in addressing urban and cultural/multicultural issues in schooling, and in the context of international knowledge dissemination of pedagogy. 相似文献
12.
Through this study we explored a community of practice framework applied to faculty professional development at a mid-size
state university in order to examine the issues unique to discipline-specific professional development in higher education.
Through content-focused professional development activities conducted by the authors, several key areas were identified that
point to challenges in building a faculty community of teaching practice: (a) the need for a culture of professional development,
(b) developing old-timers and recruiting newcomers, (c) the need for teaching scholars to coordinate professional development,
(d) challenging the “culture of service”, and (e) the need for a language to mediate thinking about practice.
Maria Blanton received a Ph.D. in Mathematics Education from North Carolina State University. She is currently a Senior Executive Research
Associate in the Kaput Center and an Associate Professor in the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Dept at the
University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. Her research interests focus on applications of sociocultural theory in understanding
teaching and learning mathematics in both elementary grades and higher education.
Despina Stylianou received an Ed.D. in mathematics education from the University of Pittsburgh. She is Associate Professor in the Department
of Secondary Education at the City College of New York. Her research interests are in the area of mathematical cognition;
her work explores the mathematical skills, sensibilities, and habits of mind and action that are critical to doing, learning,
and using mathematics proficiently. 相似文献
13.
格特·凯尔克特曼(Geert Kelchtermans)是比利时鲁汶大学(University of Leuven,KU Leuven)心理与教育科学学部教授,同时担任鲁汶大学创新、教师与学校发展中心的主任(Centre for Innovation and the Development of Teacher and School)。他还是卑尔根大学(挪威)、奥卢大学(芬兰)和林茨大学(奥地利)以及悉尼大学的客座教授。Kelchtermans教授的研究专注于个体教育专业人士(及其传记)与组织和制度背景之间的复杂互动以及定性研究方法。他的主要学术专长包括:政策实施、教师专业发展(包括入职培训和在职培训)、学校发展与教育创新、学校微观政治、教学和教育领导的情感维度以及解释性研究方法(聚焦于叙事-传记研究方法)。他在众多国际知名教师教育类期刊上发表了大量围绕上述主题的经典论文和著作章节,在教师教育研究领域做出了大量原创性学术贡献。Kelchtermans教授主持过教师教育与教育创新领域的多项课题研究,如“职前教师专业发展:入职期间的时间与关系”“教师入职培训:通过参与网络进行专业发展”等。作为一名全球知名的教师教育研究学者,Kelchtermans教授担任多本知名国际教育类期刊的编委,如《教学与教师教育》(Teaching and Teacher Education)、《教师与教学:理论与实践》(Teachers and Teaching:Theory and Practice)等。为此,笔者对凯尔克特曼教授在上述研究领域进行了深入、细致的学术对话与反思,以期促进国内学者从微观政治学等新的理论视角来透视教师专业发展的多维性与复杂性。 相似文献
14.
Catherine B. Stevenson Robert L. Duran Karen A. Barrett Guy C. Colarulli 《Innovative Higher Education》2005,30(1):23-36
Colleges and universities are adopting learning communities to increase student learning and build cohesion. As learning communities grow in popularity, institutions need to invest in faculty development (Oates, 2001) and understand faculty experiences (Mullen, 2001). The University of Hartford created a program that prepared faculty for collaborative teaching in first-year learning communities. Faculty learned to engage in collaborative behaviors, to think outside disciplinary borders, and to employ a specific template as a heuristic for course development. Results of focus group research about the faculty experience and the impact of the experience on their pedagogy are summarized.Catherine B. Stevenson, whose M.A. and Ph.D. are from New York University, is currently an Associate Professor of English and Drama and Academic Dean of International and Honors Programs. She and her coauthors are affiliated with the University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT. Her special interests include nineteenth and twentieth century literature, curriculum reform, pedagogy, and international education. Robert L. Duran, Professor in the School of Communication, who earned his M.A. at West Virginia University and Ph.D. at Bowling Green State University, is a specialist in program evaluation, evaluation research, and research methods. Karen A. Barrett, Associate Dean of Undergraduate Studies, has an M.S. from the State University of New York at Buffalo. Her special interests include interdisciplinary general education curriculum, higher education administration, and diagnostic hematology and microbiology. Guy C. Colarulli, earned an M.A. at the University of Connecticut and a Ph.D. at The American University. He is the Associate Provost and Dean of Undergraduate Studies, whose special interests include Higher Education Administration, First-Year Experience, as well as American Government, and Politics 相似文献
15.
The University of Florida offers an online professional practice Ed.D. focused on Educational Technology. Twenty-three students have completed professional practice dissertations and graduated since the program’s inception in 2008. The purpose of this article is to share what these dissertations have looked like and to begin a dialogue about professional practice dissertations completed in online educational technology programs. Specifically, we (1) provide an overview of different ways professional practice Ed.D. dissertations are structured, (2) share guiding principles for professional practice dissertations in our Ed.D. program, (3) analyze the ways in which these guiding principles played out in the dissertations and (4) discuss the implications of our analysis for our program and for other online professional practice programs in Educational Technology. 相似文献
16.
Transforming the College through Technology: A Change of Culture 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
James A. McLoughlin Lih-Ching Chen Wang William A. Beasley 《Innovative Higher Education》2008,33(2):99-109
In this article we address the implementation of sustainable technological change among the faculty, staff, and students in
the College of Education and Human Services at a mid-western urban institution. We examine cultural factors common to institutions
of higher education and then describe particular planning and implementation processes employed at one institution to move
faculty and staff from a state of minimal technology use to one of substantial technological competence over a period of years.
The process turns out to be robust and stable despite growth over time. We conclude with recommendations for other educational
institutions facing similar needs for cultural change in the use of technology.
James A. McLoughlin has been Dean of the College of Education and Human Services at Cleveland State University since 1995 and Interim Provost
from 2000 to 2001; he received his Ph.D. in Special Education from the University of Arizona.
Lih-Ching Chen Wang is a Fulbright Scholar. She is currently an Associate Professor of Education in the Department of Curriculum and Foundations
at Cleveland State University. Her work focuses on the integration of technology into teacher education. She holds a Ph.D.
in Instructional Technology from Kent State University.
William A. Beasley is a Professor of Education who specializes in Educational Technology and runs the Center for Teaching Excellence at Cleveland
State University. He holds an Ed. D. in Gifted Education from the University of Georgia. 相似文献
17.
Susan A. Santo Mary E. Engstrom Linda Reetz William E. Schweinle Kristine Reed 《Innovative Higher Education》2009,34(2):117-129
All programs in a midwestern university recently embarked on a path to help increase the scholarly productivity of faculty.
The effort to develop a research emphasis within the School of Education required determining the needs of tenure-track faculty
regarding meeting the new requirements. The purposes of our study were to investigate these needs and identify the individual,
environmental, and leadership factors that affect faculty productivity. Findings revealed a need to transform the School’s
service and teaching culture to a culture of research and scholarship. Recommendations for helping other schools of education
to become more research-oriented are provided. While the study focuses on data from a particular School of Education, the
implications may generalize to faculty productivity within other institutions, particularly within professional schools.
Susan A. Santo received a Ph.D. in Instructional Technology from the University of Virginia and is currently an Associate Professor of Adult
and Higher Education at the University of South Dakota. Her research interests include faculty productivity in higher education
and improving distance learning.
Mary E. Engstrom received an Ed.D. from the University of South Dakota in Curriculum and Instruction. She is currently the Associate Director
of Extended Learning Services at the University of Montana. Her research interests include instructional design for online
learning and professional development for educators.
Linda Reetz received an Ed.D. from the University of North Dakota in Teacher Education and serves as the Associate Dean of the School
of Education at the University of South Dakota. Her research interests include higher education practices for teacher education
programs and mild disabilities.
William Schweinle received a Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Arlington in Psychology and serves as an Assistant Professor at the University
of South Dakota. His research interest area is in statistics.
Kristine Reed received a Ph.D. from the University of Nebraska at Lincoln in Curriculum and Instruction/Administration and serves as a faculty
member in Curriculum and Instruction, University of South Dakota. Her research emphases include multicultural education and
rural education. 相似文献
18.
Bruce G. Barnett 《Innovative Higher Education》1995,19(3):197-206
Alternative assessment measures, particularly the use of portfolios, which capture authentic student learning are gaining wider acceptance in K-12 school settings. Portfolios have a rich history in higher education, and recently they are becoming a more popular assessment device in colleges of education. Using educational leadership preparation programs as an example, this article examines the use of portfolio assessment by focusing on the relationship between a folio and a portfolio, the possible artifacts and attestations to include in a folio, the structural components of portfolios, and the different uses of portfolios. The implications of incorporating portfolios in leadership preparation programs also are discussed, including how to alleviate the ambiguities and uncertainties faculty and students experience when this form of authentic assessment is utilized.Bruce G. Barnett is an Associate Professor and Director of the Division of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies at the University of Northern Colorado. His interests include the preservice and inservice preparation of educational administrators, with particular emphasis in the areas of reflective practice, instructional leadership, and staff development. He has published articles dealing with professional preparation, peer coaching, reflective practice, mentoring, portfolio development, and the moral dilemmas facing educational leaders. 相似文献
19.
Dorene D. Ross Elizabeth Bondy Lynn Hartle Linda L. Lamme Rodman B. Webb 《Innovative Higher Education》1995,20(1):45-62
An analysis of 73 portfolios, prepared by University of Florida faculty as part of the Teaching Improvement Program competition, revealed tremendous variability in the quantity, quality, and coherence of the evidence presented to support claims of excellence in teaching. By analyzing portfolios prepared by faculty members representing different colleges and different types of teaching assignments, the researchers developed seven common guidelines for portfolio construction.Dorene Doerre Ross is Professor of Education and Coordinator of Elementary Teacher Education Programs at the University of Florida. She earned her doctorate from the University of Virginia. Dr. Ross conducts research in the areas of diversity and elementary teacher education. Elizabeth Bondy is Associate Professor of Education at the University of Florida. She earned her Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction at the University of Florida. Dr. Bondy teaches and conducts research in the area of elementary teacher education. Lynn Hartle is Assistant Professor of Education at the University of Florida. She earned her doctorate from Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Hartle conducts research in early childhood education with a particular interest in playgrounds. Linda Leonard Lamme is Professor of Education at the University of Florida. Her Ph.D. is from Syracuse University. Her areas of interest include children's literature and language arts, as well as teacher education in those fields. Rodman Webb is Professor of Education and teaches courses in educational foundations and qualitative research methods at the University of Florida. He earned a doctorate in the Sociology of Education from Rutgers University. His research interests include democratic management, institutional change, and the micro-politics of schools. 相似文献
20.
Structured collaborative learning activities undertaken in two graduate level classes are described. Student and instructor perspectives on these activities are explored based on data collected through interviews, open-ended evaluation instruments, and journals. Four perspectives on collaborative learning emerged from the data: (1) student expectations; (2) instructor tolerance for ambiguity and flexibility; (3) student reliance on authority; and, (4) evaluation of student learning. Suggestions for implementing collaborative groups in graduate courses are presented.Julie A. Hughes Caplow is an Associate Professor of Educational Leadership and Policy Analysis at the University of Missouri-Columbia. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Iowa in Higher Education Administration. Her areas of interest include postsecondary instructional strategies, faculty beliefs about teaching and knowledge, and postsecondary curricula. CarolAnne M. Kardash is an Associate Professor of Educational and Counseling Psychology at the University of Missouri-Columbia. She received her Ph.D. from Arizona State University in Educational Psychology. Her areas of interest include text processing, reading comprehension, and instructional and learning strategies. 相似文献