共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
《教学研究(河北)》2014,37(5):123-124
With the development of the society, there are new demands for higher education system. Sometimes these demands may affect the concept of institutional operation, thereby affects the developing process of universities. For the reason of social factors such as employment pressure and the concept of employers, some tendencies such as treating universities as vocational training in- stitution and universities ignoring their social imperatives in order to meet the needs of society come up. In order to meet the actual needs of universities＇ healthy development and manpower requirements, it is necessary to build up continuing education mechanism on which the employers play an important role. Only social roles fulfill their duties, can our education develop healthily and higher education improve continuously. 相似文献
2.
Aysen Bakioglu Ozlem Kurnaz 《美中教育评论》2009,6(3):1-12,27
The purpose of this study is to examine the problem of research quality in social sciences at higher education. Quality of research produced at higher education started to be questioned more often as research became the major factor determining academics＇ promotion and fund allocation to universities. In the study, we aimed to reveal how academics perceive research quality and what they identify as the main problems that make it difficult to achieve quality in research. Data were collected through interviews with 25 academics from 7 disciplines （educational sciences, sociology, communicational sciences, law, history, management and political science） in 7 universities. Six of the academics interviewed were professors, 7 were associate professors, 10 were assistant professors and 2 were doctors. Interviews were carried out in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 academic years, and each lasted about one hour on average. Data collected were analyzed through content analysis. Study findings revealed that academics referred most often to methodological issues as the most important quality criterion of research, followed by issues of theoretical background and originality. Academics definitions of sub-criteria related to these were tackled in more detail in the study. As the most important hindrances that make it difficult to achieve quality in research academics mentioned lack of a long-established research culture, problems of research resources and the pressure caused by academic promotion criteria. Some recommendations related to the problems were made to develop research quality in the light of the study findings. 相似文献
3.
ZHANG Yan-hua ZHOU Rong 《美中教育评论》2008,5(3):49-53
The psychological harmony education, oriented to the unity of Truth, Good, Beauty, and in pursuit of a healthy, balanced and harmonious development of individual psychological quality to improve the mental quality, is an important part in mental education. In order to better fulfill the psychological harmony education of the college students, as well as guarantee this achievement, it should persist in the principles of wholeness and systematism, fully displaying the roles of Mental Health Education Center, teaching system, management system and environmental system. Besides, it should also pay more attention to the family education, social system and self-education of them. 相似文献
4.
In most countries of the world, higher education is highly subsidized by the public sector. The subsidy is a result of the role of higher education sector on the economy and good governance of the nations. Enrolment into higher institutions of learning is quite low in Africa compare to other continents of the world due to the continent＇s low and declining spending on her higher institutions of learning. This shabby contribution by the continent could be likened to a result of some imminent challenges, which ranged from inadequate financial resource due to economic and social crisis to the challenges posed by the HIV/AIDS （Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome） pandemic. The contributions of Nigeria to the development of higher education in Africa is quite worthy of note. This can be affirmed by the increase in the number of states and federal universities in the country over the years since independence. This can be further reaffirmed by the promulgation of Decree 9 of 1993, which made the provision for the establishment of private universities, which further increased the nation＇s total number of universities to 93 from 59 and further strengthened the nations contributions to higher education development in the continent. In spite of all efforts made by the FGN （Federal Government of Nigeria）, the nation is yet to reach her potential in the development of her higher education sector as the percentage of potential students that gained admission into the nation＇s higher institutions of learning still stand below 15% of the total number of applicants. The study therefore recommended that budgetary allocations to higher institutions of learning be increased to meet the financial demands of the institutions. In addition, multi-campus should be encouraged in order to allow for more access to higher education. 相似文献
5.
WANG Ru-Jer 《美中教育评论》2010,(3):1-16,33
With the current trend that universities around the world have gradually stepped into higher education systems of popularization, there has been more diversity in universities; hence it has become necessary to increase the transparency of university governance. Since that university classification or university ranking is a powerful mechanism to demonstrate the diversity of an institute, the rankings of research funding have become desirable and also of great value. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the rankings of research funding among universities in Taiwan, and make relevant suggestions based on the findings. A secondary data analysis was conducted on the data obtained from the database of National Science Council, in order to develop the rankings of research funding among 164 universities in Taiwan. Based on the results, the conclusions are as follows： （1） The top three universities which won the funding of the National Science Council Research Project with the best overall strength were National Taiwan University, National Cheng Gung University, and National Chiao Tung University; （2） The top three universities which won the funding of the National Science Council Research Project with the best average faculty strength were National Tsing Hua University, National Chiao Tung University, and National Taiwan University. It is suggested that, when rating the strength of a university to win the research funding, both overall strength and average faculty strength should be considered to avoid the unfairness towards universities of smaller scale. 相似文献
6.
Naveed Shibli 《美中教育评论》2009,6(5):61-66
Higher education is the product of three constituents, the policy makers or government, the executors or faculty and the recipients or the students or scholars. Steadiness among different constituents in given social interaction can act as facilitating motive and it could make higher education more smooth and productive. The “steadiness” in the pilot study is “a parameter that helps the three constituents of higher education to communicate to each other without ambiguity or say on a same frequency” and is very close to the factor “similarity”. Studies prove that “similarities” help group cohesion, improve performance and social relations etc. So to assume that the presence of like-mindedness or “similarity” or say “steadiness” in the field of higher education has the potential to decrease the amount of stress and to increase the productivity or outcome （successful policies, objective assessments, scholars, research, utility etc.）, is justified. And the assumption possesses the testable potential to study policy, assessment, implementation and other allied issues objectively. Many methods of social research and experimental designs are feasible for such study. A pilot study of a biography proves that the study of “similarity” in higher education for quality and assessment is viable and possesses the potential to produce better scholars, can enable the government to improve economy, can help to produce a strong next generation, can positively contribute to strengthen the social institutions and society and above all can bring a positive change in higher education that has been merely claimed for last many years. It is recommended that the proposed “similarity” may be studied in the field of higher education to help the government to formulate and execute policies based on social psychological evidence to enable the executors to best utilize their potential to help the recipients and learners to grow as per their full potential. 相似文献
7.
QIU Li-zhong 《美中教育评论》2007,4(1):20-24
Higher education, especially vocational higher education should serve society, the community and the enterprises to motivate a win-win result of mutual development and cooperation for Chinese society and higher universities. Taking the strategic action to serve the society in Ningho professional technology institute for instance, the research summarizes theoretically the inevitability and the feasibility of the interaction with mutual benefit in the model of the combination between the universities and society, which becomes the engine of social progress esp. in the manufacturing industry. Meanwhile the research conclusion warns the society that the universities serving the society should avoid the tendency of excessive utility and shouldn＇t ignore the serving ＇object of education—university students. People must persist in the quality of scientific, higher educational, practical applicability and perceptiveness. 相似文献
8.
ZHAO Gui-zhi 《美中教育评论》2009,6(5):16-20
This paper reviews Chinese management research since its beginning more than thirty years ago. It then discusses the possible interplay between higher education scale and employment relationship, and suggests that it is time to take the road less traveled rather than to over-travel the more popular road. We conclude that the practice will prove the final judge on higher education reform and employment relationship, and the insights from this paper will help sharpen the understanding of the higher education challenges of China. 相似文献
9.
Establishing the NCEDL （National Centre for E-learning and Distance Learning）, electronic universities are some initiatives to introduce e-learning to the KSA （Kingdom of Saudi Arabia）, which have led to a fast, strong, and impressive movement toward e-learning in the Kingdom. However, e-learning in Saudi Arabia is still in the early stage of its development due to many challenges of e-learning that will still have to be faced. E-learning in Saudi higher education has been examined in a number of studies. Yet, focusing on e-learning among Saudi women through the social and religious customs of society is not sufficiently examined. Therefore, this research seeks to investigate the possibilities that exist for the utilization of e-learning in the enhancement of the higher education opportunities of women in Saudi Arabia within the social customs and religious beliefs by identifying the barriers to higher education for Saudi women, the modes of e-learning that currently exist within the higher education programmes in the Saudi higher education system, how e-learning can support higher education opportunities for women in Saudi Arabia, and a successful model of e-learning to improve higher education opportunities for women in the KSA. In order to achieve the aim of this research, a pilot study was made by using a semi-structured interview as a method of data collection from Saudi females who live with their related （mahram） male in the United Kingdom and a three stage coding analysis of the grounded theory analyzing the data collected from the field to formulate a theory and a model. A primarily model was presented which described the contributions of e-learning to higher education of Saudi women. The model is presented consisting of three main categories： （1） social and religious barriers; （2） women＇s use of the Intemet; and （3） women＇s use of e-learning, as well as a number of sub-subcategories. In addition, the need to illuminate the ability of Saudi women to convert e-learning into a valuable educational achievement is demonstrated. The next stage of our research will investigate all of the issues indicated by the pilot study in order to improve the success of using e-learning for Saudi women＇s higher education and eventually to devise a research theory. 相似文献
10.
Hanjiang Zhang Wee Xiao NaWu 《美中教育评论》2006,3(3):41-44,48
This paper analyzes the main workflow of our higher education. We introduce the Supply Chain Management （SCM） to describe our Human Resource Supply Chain Management （HRSCM） which takes the higher education as the core. We set up the consult model （HRSCMCM） of it. The model takes the higher education as the core, connects the secondary education and satisfies the social demands. It is also an important part to join the multinational education. It is an acculturation and globalization. Because of uncertain information and the delay demands of Human Resource market, the HRSCM also has its bullwhip effect that the demand and supply can not meet and a large number of graduates can not find jobs. As the resolutions, we set up our model including information sharing, flexible education and forecast-demand double drivers. We hope this model can give some elicitations on our national human resource construction micro-mechanism. 相似文献
11.
评价对大学的发展具有积极作用。所谓大学评价排名化,主要指排名成为一些大学评价结果的唯一表现形式,参与大学排名的机构愈来愈多,大学排名涉及的领域愈来愈广。值得思考的问题是,这么多的大学排名是否必要?大学排名的评价指标是否合理?所谓大学评价国际化,主要指21世纪之后流行的世界大学排名的实质是评价机构用一个尺度或者说一个国际性的尺度去评价不同国家的大学。四大排行榜已经对一些国家政府的高等教育政策、众多大学的办学理念、方向和行为、普通大众对高等教育的认识等产生了不可低估的影响。世界大学排名评价的科研偏好、英语偏好、理科偏好的特征是值得认真关注的。 相似文献
12.
We attempt to prove the hypothesis that, under certain conditions, a phenomenon of propitious selection may arise on the higher education market: When talented university entrants favor applying to branded universities, the latter are able to automatically build up a positive reputation without having to actually improve the quality of their educational process. We have performed an econometric modeling and regression analysis on a set of data that were obtained from a survey of Moscow university freshmen to show that high school graduates with high scores on the Unified State Exam (USE) really are oriented toward branded universities and that these prospective students believe that obtaining a prestigious degree is even more important than entering any particular profession. Entrants lack complete information about the quality of education at any given university. The analysis of university rankings presented in this article shows that they are unable to completely solve this information asymmetry since they contain signal distortions introduced by their ranking methodology. These rankings primarily prioritize the research activity of faculty members, and they ignore their teaching performance and work with students. Therefore, often universities design their policies in such a way as to privilege the criteria that are used in rankings, and they focus on improving precisely these indicators at the expense of other considerations. As a result, branded universities are able to distinguish themselves from conventional higher education institutions not by actually providing higher quality educational services, but by selecting the best applicants and benefiting from the powerful peer effect of having these students study together. In this way, these universities can produce excellent graduates that ensure their positive reputation in the eyes of employers and at the same time increase their brand value by raising their position in the rankings. 相似文献
13.
随着大学排名的不断流行和多样化,关于对大学排名的影响的关注也不断增加。围绕大学排名对学生、高校和政府的影响的争论已经成为高等教育研究和主流新闻媒体的一个普遍话题。越来越多的证据表明,大学排名对高等院校的决策和发展战略的制定与实施、人事招聘及组织结构、资源分配和资金募集、学生择校和高校招生、高校教育教学质量保证等方面都产生了巨大影响。如何避免大学排名的消极影响,提高大学排名的科学性和合理性,以发挥其应有的功能和作用是全球大学排名活动中当前和今后面临的一个重要问题。 相似文献
14.
1990年东西德统一后,政治、经济和文化变革对德国大学的发展提出了新的挑战,为了应对挑战,德国大学开始了一场深入而全面的改革,在建立一体化的高等教育体制、培养高素质人才、提高大学竞争力和国际化水平、吸引社会力量支持大学发展等方面进行了积极探索,采取了一系列卓有成效的举措,将德国大学推向了新的发展阶段. 相似文献
15.
16.
Andrejs Rauhvargers 《European Journal of Education》2014,49(1):29-44
This article is based on the analysis of the changes in global university rankings and the new ‘products’ based on rankings data in the period since mid-2011. It is a summary and continuation of the European University Association (EUA)-commissioned report ‘Global University Rankings Their Impact, Report II’ which was launched in April 2013. It covers the changes in the ranking methodologies which have been the most visible in the CWTS Leiden Ranking and Webometrics and which have replaced some indicators with newly designed ones. Changes have been made in other rankings as well, but they are less visible. A new U21 ranking was launched in 2012. It is an attempt to rank national higher education systems rather than individual universities. New rankings by conventional ranking providers have demonstrated that in reputation rankings or reputation indicators the scores drop even more sharply than in the most élitist rankings and therefore can be used for even narrower groups of universities. Several ranking providers have started their own data collections and combine ranking data with the data from the newly established data collections and use them for several multi-indicator classifications or profiling tools. QS has been most productive and has added not only classification and profiling tools, but has also launched a ranking of student cities, and ‘stars’ that universities can obtain. Generally, the rankings’ impact is growing. Let us see where it will bring us. At the same time, some rankings providers have changed language and explain the biases, flaws and misunderstandings created through misuse of rankings or using ranking indicators without proper knowledge. 相似文献
17.
Simon Marginson 《European Journal of Education》2014,49(1):45-59
University rankings widely affect the behaviours of prospective students and their families, university executive leaders, academic faculty, governments and investors in higher education. Yet the social science foundations of global rankings receive little scrutiny. Rankings that simply recycle reputation without any necessary connection to real outputs are of no common value. It is necessary that rankings be soundly based in scientific terms if a virtuous relationship between performance and ranking is to be established, the worst potentials of rankings are to be constrained, and rankings are optimised as a source of comparative information. This article evaluates six ranking systems, Shanghai ARWU, Leiden University, QS, Scopus, Times Higher Education and U-Multirank, according to six social science criteria and two behavioural criteria. The social science criteria are materiality (rankings must be grounded in the observable higher education world), objectivity (opinion surveys should not be used), externality (ranked universities should not be a source of data about themselves), comprehensiveness (rankings should cover the broadest possible range of functions), particularity (ranking systems should eschew multi-indicators with weights, or proxy measures) and ordinal proportionality (vertical distinctions between universities should not be exaggerated). The behavioural criteria are the alignment of the ranking with tendencies to improved performance of all institutions and countries, and transparency, meaning accessibility to strategy making designed to maximize institutional position. The pure research rankings rate well overall but lack comprehensiveness. U-Multirank is also strong under most criteria but stymied by its 100 per cent reliance on subjective data collected via survey. 相似文献
18.
Evaluations of academic departments through peer review rankings have assumed importance in decision making by government officials, university administrators, and department chairpersons. This article reviews the history of these highly publicized rankings and subsequent attempts to identify empirical correlates of the ratings. New findings are presented which indicate that the ACE rankings can be predicted almost perfectly (r=.91) with one measure—departmental rate of publication in highly cited journals. The implications of this finding are discussed, since it both supports the notion of peer rankings but also reveals some inherent weaknesses in the academic assessment process. Finally, it is suggested that concepts from social stratification theory can illuminate our understanding of evaluation in higher education. 相似文献
19.
在市场经济和高等教育体制改革日益深化的背景下,基于高校竞争加剧、高校资金筹措困难的事实,高等教育质量需要经营。由此,要有经营高等教育质量所需的、以质量为中心的市场需要观念、竞争观念、社会和经济效益观念。进而还需要从战略高度依目标市场战略、差异化战略、质量管理战略和品牌战略去经营质量,从而实现高等教育质量的持续改进和高等教育及高等院校的可持续发展。 相似文献