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现代运动训练,力量训练始终是诸多运动项目的核心训练要素之一。体育科学的迅猛发展,促进力量训练器械更加科学、有效,但传统的运用杠铃进行力量训练仍被众多教练员采用。笔者观察多年训练后发现,许多教练员运用杠铃进行力量训练的效果不理想。本文就围绕杠铃力量训练的关键要素展开讨论。 相似文献
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我国女子20 公里优秀竞走运动员心理训练结构及训练策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过调查法、测试法、数理统计法对决定我国女子20 km优秀竞走运动员心理训练功能的心理训练结构及心理训练实施进行研究,认为女子20 km心理训练结构包括基础训练要素(训练依据与准备要素)、核心训练要素(训练操作要素)及支持训练要素(训练保障要素),求出核心训练要素各心理变量与竞走成绩相关关系、数量关系;对女子竞走运动员心理训练实施及实施问题进行分析. 相似文献
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借鉴国外水球力量训练理念、方法手段和成功经验,依据现役中国男子水球队12名健将级球员身体形态标准分成两组,分别实施不同力量训练方案,进行8周力量训练探索,并检查评定力量训练效果。结果显示:经8周力量训练后,两组球员各专项素质和能力不同程度地得到提高,基本实现了力量训练目标,获得较好成效。 相似文献
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对我国优秀三级跳远运动员李延熙的长年训练进行纵向跟踪和横向比较,阐述青少年三级跳远运动员训练的核心要素。认为：应重视运动员不同时期、不同技术类型的变化,只对其巅峰期最优成绩的技术类型进行分析并不能给予青少年运动员客观的训练启示;应充分挖掘生物力学表达背后的训练学因素;力量训练中动作速度是训练效果的核心指标;明确运动员成长历程的阶段任务是最终目标达成的关键。 相似文献
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根据划艇运动的特点,以优秀运动员下肢力量训练的构成要素及其组合方式的角度,重点探讨了划艇运动员下肢力量训练的方法及下肢力量对划艇运动成绩的影响. 相似文献
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运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,从运动训练学、运动解剖学、运动生物力学等角度,分析传统力量训练特点及存在问题,并解析了核心力量训练的特点。认为核心力量训练与传统力量训练的本质不同在于,核心力量训练中增加了一个"不稳定因素",就是为了提高运动员身体的平衡稳定性,不仅增加了力量训练的难度,而且为传统力量训练增添了鲜活的因素。核心力量训练理念的引入更新了传统力量训练理念,创新了训练方法和手段,弥补了传统力量训练在提高运动员协调、灵敏和平衡等能力方面的不足。今后如何将基础性的核心力量训练与专项训练相融合,将有待于理论和实践的深入研究。 相似文献
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依据核心力量训练的要素,紧密结合核心力量与重型龙骨式帆船主、前帆手动作技术的内在联系,针对核心力量在该项目训练中所发挥的作用进行研究和效果分析。 相似文献
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在现代投篮训练中也开始应用系统论、控制论中的一些观点和方法.从影响投篮命中率的技术控制要素及心理控制要素出发,分析和研究投篮训练中各控制要素和控制机制,以期提高投篮命中率,促进投篮训练的科学化、现代化. 相似文献
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为了充分证实不同的力量练习计划对老年人体质健康影响的效果,通过对比高速率的变阻训练(HV)、由慢到快速率的等阻训练(CT)以及高速率的变阻练习与身体功能练习相结合(CB)的3种不同的短期力量练习计划对老年人的肌肉功能和身体活动能力的影响进行了实证性研究。研究结果显示:与控制组(CO)相比,HV组、CT组以及CB组的肌肉力量都有显著性的提高,而CO的力量呈轻微的下降趋势;每周两次的HV练习在提高力量和爆发性身体功能时,要优于CT和CB组;与HV和CT组相比,CB组对增加老年人的力量也是有效的,这个结果对于那些不愿意或不能频繁参加力量练习的老年人是一个重要提示。 相似文献
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Robert H. Rifenberick 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):95-101
Abstract This experiment was undertaken to determine the effects of a six-week progressive weight training program on the development of strength and muscle hypertrophy, using one exercise, the deep-knee bend, with varying repetitions. Thirty students were chosen by random from beginning weight lifting classes at Michigan State University. Following a two-week conditioning period the subjects were divided into three groups of ten each for the controlled training period. The programs were as follows: Group A—3 sets of 9-10 repetitions, Group B—3 sets of 5-6 repetitions, and Group C—3 sets of 2-3 repetitions. Individuals in each group handled maximum weight loads for the number of repetitions each was required to perform. The effectiveness of the program was determined by three measurements: (a) thigh girth, (b) dynamic strength as measured by one RM on the deep-knee bend, and (c) static strength as measured on the dynamometer. The results were graphically analyzed and percentages calculated. The data were also statistically-treated using analysis of covariance. No significant differences were found between the three systems of training. All training procedures resulted in the improvement of static and dynamic strength. 相似文献
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Daniel W. Robbins Warren B. Young David G. Behm Warren R. Payne 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(14):1617-1625
Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the chronic effects on strength and power of performing complex versus traditional set training over eight weeks. Fifteen trained males were assessed for throw height, peak velocity, and peak power in the bench press throw and one-repetition maximum (1-RM) in the bench press and bench pull exercises, before and after the eight-week programme. The traditional set group performed the pulling before the pushing exercise sets, whereas the complex set group alternated pulling and pushing sets. The complex set training sessions were completed in approximately half the time. Electromyographic (EMG) activity was monitored during both test sessions in an attempt to determine if it was affected as a result of the training programme. Although there were no differences in the dependent variables between the two conditions, bench pull and bench press 1-RM increased significantly under the complex set condition and peak power increased significantly under the traditional set condition. Effect size statistics suggested that the complex set was more time-efficient than the traditional set condition with respect to development of 1-RM bench pull and bench press, peak velocity and peak power. The EMG activity was not affected. Complex set training would appear to be an effective method of exercise with respect to efficiency and strength development. 相似文献
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对田径、赛艇运动员下肢等负荷多组力量训练强度的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对43名2级以上运动员进行了50％／Fmax负重，20次／组，组间歇1min，共5组力量耐力测试。采集并测定安静和每组运动员练习后即刻的心率和血乳酸，测定了每一位受试对象每一次深蹲的蹲起速度。所有测试对象对该练习强度均产生较大的生理反应，血乳酸和心率在第2组练习后出现快速上升，蹲起速度则均表现出不同程度的下降趋势。不同专项运动员对等负荷多组力量耐力训练具有不同的反应，田径跳跃运动员对测试的强度表现出高的生理反应，心率和乳酸水平均达到或接近最大负荷极限，赛艇运动员介于中长跑和跳跃运动员之间，中长跑运动员的反应较低，心率一直保持在140次／min以下，血乳酸值在7mmol／L以下，并显示出典型的血乳酸“平衡状态”。 相似文献
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Hayao Ozaki Atsushi Kubota Toshiharu Natsume Jeremy P. Loenneke Takashi Abe Shuichi Machida 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(6):691-696
To investigate the effects of a single high-load (80% of one repetition maximum [1RM]) set with additional drop sets descending to a low-load (30% 1RM) without recovery intervals on muscle strength, endurance, and size in untrained young men. Nine untrained young men performed dumbbell curls to concentric failure 2–3 days per week for 8 weeks. Each arm was randomly assigned to one of the following three conditions: 3 sets of high-load (HL, 80% 1RM) resistance exercise, 3 sets of low-load [LL, 30% 1RM] resistance exercise, and a single high-load (SDS) set with additional drop sets descending to a low-load. The mean training time per session, including recovery intervals, was lowest in the SDS condition. Elbow flexor muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) increased similarly in all three conditions. Maximum isometric and 1RM strength of the elbow flexors increased from pre to post only in the HL and SDS conditions. Muscular endurance measured by maximum repetitions at 30% 1RM increased only in the LL and SDS conditions. A SDS resistance training program can simultaneously increase muscle CSA, strength, and endurance in untrained young men, even with lower training time compared to typical resistance exercise protocols using only high- or low-loads. 相似文献
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老年人健身模式中力量训练的必要性与可行性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
力量训练是老年人体育健身的重要问题,分析了力量锻炼对老年人健康的影响以及老年人加强力量素质的意义,阐述了不同肌肉力量指标对老年人健康生活的作用,揭示了肌肉离心收缩在老年人力量锻炼中的优越性,旨在为老年人体育健身提供可借鉴的理论依据。 相似文献
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对国家帆船队男子激光级两名重点运动员的研究发现,施某主要存在核心力量及高强度运动下腿部肌肉耐力不足,而乔某主要是由于腰肌劳损导致在进行高强度运动时出现腰部酸痛、僵硬、腰椎活动度减弱等问题。根据两者的不同状况,针对性的制定各自的训练方案,通过3~4周的训练后,运动员的运动能力及损伤恢复情况均有所改善。通过高水平运动员体能训练计划制定、实施,改善运动员的运动能力,完善有效提高帆船运动员专项体能训练的手段与方法。同时,通过对重点运动员损伤后的康复训练,汲取康复体能训练有效手段,探索运动损伤机制并在训练中积极预防损伤。 相似文献
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Research on successful aging has shown that physical training can have positive effects on cognitive and motor functions in the elderly. The article describes a study involving a 12-week multidimensional exercise program (endurance, strength, flexibility and relaxation) with one session per week which was established for older adults (60 years onwards). Cognitive training (e. g. attention, concentration and memory) was additionally targeted in each exercise session. The exercise program was evaluated by different standardized tests regarding its effects on motor and cognitive performance as dependent variables. In a randomized controlled trial with experimental and waiting control group two points of measurement were conducted. The results showed a significant increase in fitness parameters (endurance, strength and dynamic balance) for the experimental group in contrast to the control group. The expected significant increase for cognitive functions was not found. There is still not enough known about the relationship between cognitive function and physical activity in older adults. 相似文献
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体力活动运动处方对预防老年妇女冠心病易患因素作用初探 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究目的：探讨体力活动运动处方对预防65岁以上老年妇女冠心病易患因素的作用。研究方法：借鉴日本65岁以上老人行动能力和体力测定的最新方法与评价标准，对我国部分65—75岁老年妇女行动能力及体力进行测定，对体力状况不同的两组老年妇女，分别进行三个月不同体力活动方式的运动处方锻炼，并于锻炼前后对她们的身体成分、血脂含量等指标进行测试分析。研究结果：锻炼后，两组受试体重明显下降；血清甘油三脂(TG)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL—c)显著下降，虽未见胆固醇(TC)显著下降和高密度脂蛋白(HDL—c)的显著上升，但LDL—c／HDL—c和TC／HDL—c显著下降；血压下降。表明针对行动能力和体力不同的两组老年妇女所制定的两套运动处方，能有效控制老年妇女的体重，降低血压，改善血脂代谢，预防冠心病的发生。 相似文献