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1.
Feng Teng 《Literacy》2020,54(1):29-39
This paper presents a small‐scale study examining the effects of metacognitive reading strategy instruction on English language learners' reading comprehension in a Hong Kong international school. Twenty‐five primary school (Grade 5) students who learn English as a second language participated in this study. Metacognitive instruction was incorporated into 10 process‐based reading lessons. Data were collected from notes learners took during reading, post‐reading reflection reports, teacher‐facilitated group discussions and two types of reading tests. Results revealed that the young learners could articulate several knowledge factors that influenced their reading. In addition, learners reported a better understanding of the nature and demands of reading, a deeper awareness of metacognitive knowledge in improving reading comprehension and increased confidence in handling reading exercises. The learners also showed enhanced reading performance compared to those in a control group without metacognitive intervention. This study highlights the potential of metacognitive instruction to enhance primary school English learners' reading literacy. 相似文献
2.
20世纪70年代以来，Flavell对元认知知识进行了诸多研究。他认为，元认知知识是个体已获得的世界知识的一部分，元认知知识对外语阅读教学的重要作用在于：有利于发展学习的自主性、有利于提高学习的动机、有利于增强学习的责任感、有利于发挥元认知策略的有效性、有利于鉴别学习的阅读品质。 相似文献
3.
Strassman B 《Journal of deaf studies and deaf education》1997,2(3):140-149
The purpose of this article is to review and synthesize the literature linking metacognition and reading in children who are deaf. Although this body of research is sparse, three issues emerge. First, the research implies that current instructional practices used to teach reading to deaf children might actually hinder their development of mature metacognitive knowledge and control. Second, the studies suggest that the low-level reading material typically given to deaf children might not provide the opportunity for them to develop, practice, or use metacognitive strategies. And third, the research shows that deaf students can benefit from metacognitive strategy instruction. 相似文献
4.
传统的图式理论将图式分为语言图式、内容图式和形式图式三大类。随着元认知概念的提出,众多实验证明对阅读策略元认知程度的不同是阅读能力强和弱的学生之间的主要区别,也成为了有效运用图式理论帮助阅读理解的重要因素。因此,图式理论应将对阅读策略的元认知这一维度纳入其分类之中。基于此,阅读教学中,教师应在阅读前帮助学生激活图式;在阅读过程中,帮助学生将图式具体化、形象化;在阅读后,对阅读进行拓展,帮助学生对已有图式进行完善,提高学生对包括阅读策略元认知在内的四大类图式的理解和运用,全面提高阅读能力。 相似文献
5.
Piret Soodla Anna-Liisa Jõgi Eve Kikas 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2017,32(2):201-218
The study examined the relationships between teachers’ metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies and their students’ metacognitive knowledge and reading comprehension. The study was carried out among language art teachers (N?=?34) and their students (N?=?534) in the last year of primary school (ninth grade) in Estonia. Multilevel modeling was used to test the hypotheses of relationships between students’ metacognitive knowledge and reading comprehension, while controlling for students’ previous reading comprehension (in eighth grade) as well as the relations between teachers’ metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies and students’ metacognitive knowledge and comprehension. The results showed that students’ metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies related to their reading comprehension, concurring with previous findings. The main finding was that teachers’ metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies significantly related to their students’ metacognitive knowledge, but not to reading comprehension. These results indicate that students’ reading comprehension may be supported by improving their metacognitive knowledge of reading strategies. In addition, the findings highlight the importance of teachers’ metacognitive knowledge in students’ metacognitive knowledge. 相似文献
6.
Bernadet de Jager Margo Jansen Gerry Reezigt 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(2):179-196
Constructivist ideas have influenced recent major innovations in Dutch secondary education and new curricula for reading and math in primary education, for example, pay much more attention to metacognition than before. In our study, we compared the growth of student metacognition in varying learning environments, direct instruction, and cognitive apprenticeship in primary school. The study also included a control group of teachers. In order to measure metacognition we developed a questionnaire, with separate parts for metacognitive skills and metacognitive knowledge. In the item selection procedure we made use of item response modeling. It was found that in the direct instruction and the cognitive apprenticeship group the pupils had higher scores on metacognitive skills and metacognitive knowledge compared to the control group pupils. No clear differences were found between direct instruction and cognitive apprenticeship. Interactions of learning environment and student intelligence were non-significant for both output measures. 相似文献
7.
The study explored the effects of an 8-week intervention in which a teacher/researcher used direct instruction to show the multiple meanings of 7 words to 4 deaf students ages 11-13 years in a school for the deaf. Applying conclusions from emerging research that links knowledge and strategy with metacognitive skills, the teacher/researcher used specific metacognitive strategies to facilitate both the acquisition of the concept of multimeaning words and the ability to distinguish one meaning from another while reading, and thus improved the students' reading comprehension. The study participants were able to increase their vocabulary of multimeaning words as well as their reading comprehension in general, and, overall, experienced an improvement in their observable understanding and confidence when approaching the task of reading. 相似文献
8.
Christina E. van Kraayenoord Wolfgang Erich Schneider 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1999,14(3):305-324
This study examined the reading achievement, metacognitive knowledge related to reading and memory, reading self-concept, and interest in reading of 140 German school students in Grades 3 and 4. The results indicated significant correlations between the metacognitive variables, motivational variables, and amongst metacognitive and motivational variables, as well as with reading achievement variables. The examination of good and poor readers showed significant differences in metacognitive knowledge of reading and memory, reading self-concept, interest in reading, and in teacher judgements of reading achievement between the groups. Differences between Grade 3 and 4 students were found in their word decoding skills, metacognitive knowledge about reading and memory, and teacher judgements of reading achievement. Results of the regression analysis indicated that reading achievement was predicted by grade level, word decoding, and teacher evaluations of reading achievement. The causal modelling indicated that motivation and metacognition affect reading comprehension in different ways. The findings are discussed in terms of future research and their educational implications. 相似文献
9.
Expository text comprehension in secondary school: for which readers does knowledge of connectives contribute the most? 
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下载免费PDF全文 Camille Welie Rob Schoonen Folkert Kuiken Huub van den Bergh 《Journal of Research in Reading》2017,40(Z1):S42-S65
- Connectives (words such as moreover, because and although) help the reader in establishing coherence between text parts.
- In primary school, for fifth graders, knowledge of connectives has been shown to be uniquely related to English text comprehension controlling for reading fluency and general vocabulary knowledge.
- For fifth graders, the relationship between knowledge of connectives and English text comprehension was higher for English‐only students than for their peers who learned English as a second language.
- The present study found that knowledge of connectives also has a unique relation with Dutch expository text comprehension for eighth graders above and beyond reading fluency, general vocabulary knowledge and metacognitive knowledge (about text structure and reading and writing strategies).
- The relationship between knowledge of connectives and text comprehension was not moderated by reading fluency, general vocabulary knowledge and language background (monolingual versus bilingual Dutch).
- Metacognitive knowledge did impact the relationship between knowledge of connectives and text comprehension: the higher the metacognitive knowledge, the higher the association between knowledge of connectives and text comprehension.
- Secondary school readers are assumed to benefit from knowing connectives because these words are frequent in expository texts and signal relationships that students may often not infer without the help of these devices (i.e., with the use of background knowledge). This seems to apply in particular for expository texts that are intended to convey new information and relationships to students (see also Singer & O'Connell, 2003 ).
- We found a significant interaction between knowledge of connectives and metacognitive knowledge, which seems to indicate that knowing more connectives does not help much in improving expository text comprehension when metacognitive knowledge about text structure and reading strategies is low. This result suggests that it may be wise to couple instruction on the meaning of connectives with instruction about the structure of expository texts and ways to strategically deal with these texts.
- More specifically, besides instruction on the meaning of connectives, we advise teachers in secondary school to get students to understand the importance of connectives as markers of local and global coherence in texts, and to teach them how to strategically use connectives during reading.
10.
何静 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2011,30(3):170-172
在外语阅读中元认知体现为对阅读活动的认知调节,即阅读监控。阅读监控是在元认知知识、元认知体验和元认知策略的作用和相互作用下进行的,其中,元认知知识和元认知策略起着最为核心的作用,元认知体验不直接参与对阅读活动的调节,只起着桥梁的作用。培养学生的元认知能力有助于提高学生自身的外语阅读水平。 相似文献
11.
高中英语教学应在巩固学生基础知识、发展各种技能的基础上,侧重培养学生的阅读能力.本文运用图式理论来说明怎样培养和提高学生的阅读能力,提出了:语言图式是理解的关键、丰富内容图式、完善形式图式,指导解题技巧. 相似文献
12.
A. A. M. Houtveen W. J. C. M. van de Grift 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(2):173-190
Ten-year-old students in an experimental group and a control group were tested for metacognitive abilities in reading comprehension before and after implementation of treatment in the experimental group. The teachers of the students in the experimental group were trained in metacognitive strategy instruction and in optimizing instruction time for reading comprehension. The learning gains made by the students in the experimental group in metacognitive abilities for reading comprehension turned out to be significantly greater than those made by the students in the control group. In the next school, year the students in the former experimental group and the former control group were tested for reading comprehension. It turned out that the students in the former experimental group had significantly better results on reading comprehension than the students in the former control group. 相似文献
13.
阅读理解在中学英语教学中一直处于十分重要的地位。但当前的中学英语教学过分强调阅读材料本身的文本表达,忽视了学生对目标语言文化背景知识的理解,以致阅读教学效果不理想。该文从中学生阅读理解的过程及图式理论的起源和发展出发,分析图式理论对于提高中学生阅读能力的重要性,进而提出科学帮助中学生习得丰富多彩的图式的途径和有效激发学生大脑中潜在的图式策略,以达到提高中学生阅读能力的目的。 相似文献
14.
This study tested the effects of the modality of reading formats (electronic vs. print), online reading habits (engagement in different online reading activities), use of cognitive strategies, metacognitive knowledge, and navigation skills on printed and electronic reading literacy across regions. Participants were 31,784 fifteen-year-old students (50.78% female) from 19 countries and economies in the 2009 Programme for International Student Assessment database. Results showed that students exhibited better reading literacy in the print environment. Moreover, information-seeking activities, control strategies, knowledge of metacognitive strategies, and navigation skills positively predicted reading literacy in both print and electronic formats for all regions, whereas social reading activities negatively predicted reading literacy in print and were most harmful for the Asian region in both formats. Memorization strategies were negatively associated with reading literacy in both formats for Australasian, Western and Eastern EU, and South American regions, but not for the Asian region. Online reading habits, regardless of types, had no impact on reading literacy in both formats for the South American region. The study findings provided suggestions for literacy instruction in the e-learning era across different regions. 相似文献
15.
Carolyn Morrison Thomastine Sarchet Carol M. Convertino Georgianna Borgna Richard Dirmyer 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(1):78-90
This study explored deaf and hearing university students’ metacognitive awareness with regard to comprehension difficulties during reading and classroom instruction. Utilising the Reading Awareness Inventory (Milholic, V. 1994. An inventory to pique students’ metacognitive awareness of reading strategies. Journal of Reading 38: 84–6), parallel inventories were created to tap metacognitive awareness during comprehension of sign language (deaf students) and spoken language (hearing students). Overall, both deaf and hearing students appeared to have greater metacognitive awareness of ongoing comprehension and repair strategies during reading than during instruction in the classroom, but deaf students scored lower than hearing students in both modalities. Deaf students were no more likely than hearing students to report adopting inappropriate strategies, but both groups indicated they were more likely to do so in classroom contexts than during reading. 相似文献
16.
This paper describes an applied training study which investigated the differential effects of two instructional methods on the reading performance of primary school children with reading difficulties. Sixty five children aged 7-10 participated. Twenty five children were assigned to each of two experimental groups: direct instruction in phonological awareness and the alphabetic principle, or the same direct instruction in phonological awareness in conjunction with training in specific metalinguistic concepts and metacognitive strategies. Fifteen children were selected as controls. Reading performance from baseline was measured within a pretest, posttest, and delayed posttest experimental design. Data and results are presented on 60 children owing to attrition. Results showed that direct instruction in phonological awareness improved the reading performance of children with reading difficulties over time. However, direct instruction in phonological awareness in conjunction with explicit training in specific metalinguistic concepts and metacognitive strategies was more advantageous overall. 相似文献
17.
Beverley A. Brenna 《Journal of Research in Reading》1995,18(1):53-62
The purpose of this study was to examine the metacognitive reading strategies of five children, four to six years of age, who were reading fluently prior to formal instruction in grade one. Fluency was judged on whether the children could conduct meaningful reading (Smith, 1988) with relative smoothness (Duffy and Roehler, 1989). Methods of this case study included semi-structured interviews, role playing, observations and informal miscue analyses of oral reading. The children's personal characteristics and home environments provided a context for their reading strategies, and particular attention was given to the caregiver-child interactions which may have facilitated the development of metacognitive reading strategies. Findings suggest that each of the children utilized a variety of metacognitive reading strategies and showed individual preferences for certain strategies, as indicated by the number of times these strategies were used. The children also responded differently to particular research methods, a finding which supports the employment of a variety of methods when studying young children. Findings from this study also draw a relationship between caregiver-child interactions and the development of particular metacognitive reading strategies. 相似文献
18.
余凯明 《读与写:教育教学刊》2007,4(12):115-116
在英语教学中学习者的先前知识,或图式知识是影响外语学习的重要因素。因此能否激活图式至关重要。图式包括三种形式:语言图式,内容图式和形式图式。传统"自下而上"和"自上而下"的阅读模式只强调其中某一种图式的激活,交替模式则主张将两种模式结合的阅读模式。因此,在英语阅读教学种教师不仅要注重激活学生的语言图式,更要注重其内容和形式图式的激活。 相似文献
19.
Comprehension monitoring is conceptualized as a metacognitive process involving monitoring and control of ongoing discourse processing. The error-detection paradigm was used in an experiment in which 315 7th-, 9th-, and 11th-grade students of low-to-high reading ability monitored and controlled their reading as they searched three times through a text. Search One showed that although all readers failed to monitor many problems, monitoring at lexical, syntactic, and particularly semantic levels increased with age and reading ability. Monitoring for low-ability readers remained low at all three grades. Search Two showed an asymmetry in the effects of instruction to search for errors, and some students exhibited constraints on monitoring and control. Finally, Search Three showed that some students had knowledge necessary to monitor more errors but failed to apply that knowledge to the text. 相似文献
20.
The quality of teachers’ knowledge about how people learn influences students’ learning outcomes. Similarly, the quality of
students’ knowledge about how they learn influences their engagement in self-regulated learning and consequently, their learning
achievement. There is a gap between research findings that support these two premises and teaching–learning practices in classrooms.
In this paper we describe attempts to reduce this gap. In Study 1 we surveyed early adolescent students’ cognitive and metacognitive
strategy use and demonstrated that students’ cognitive and metacognitive strategy knowledge has substantial room for improvement.
In Studies 2 and 3 we collaborated with teachers to embed explicit cognitive and metacognitive strategy instruction, using
learning protocols, into regular class lessons. Studies 2 and 3 showed that the learning protocols slipped readily into teachers’
typical lesson designs, scaffolded teachers’ delivery of strategy instruction, and scaffolded some students’ acquisition of
strategy knowledge, although progress was sometimes slow. Recommendations are presented for supporting teachers and students
to engage with cognitive and metacognitive strategy instruction. 相似文献