共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
目的旨在探索音乐节拍对大脑活动主要区域信息加工过程中的脑电波谱变异.方法采用自编的音乐播放软件给被试分别播放(42、65、120 BPM)3种音乐节拍的65 dB音乐,每种节拍曲目播放5 min,并采集16脑区的脑电信号进行离线分析.结果 (1)与安静状态相比播放音乐时被试在7个波段的脑电波谱功率显著降低;播放音乐时脑电波谱重心频率向低频段移动,表明疲劳程度增加;(2)改变音乐节拍显著降低α1波频段的功率而增加α2波频段的功率;(3)从频段功率占比看,加快音乐节拍节奏增加高频段脑电波活动,降低节拍节奏增加低频段活动而降低高频段脑电波活动.结论音乐节拍显著影响脑电波谱功率变异,65 BPM的中等节奏音乐有利于注意力集中和放松休息,120 BPM快节奏音乐有利于激活唤醒水平,加快运动,改变音乐节拍增加注意负荷,消耗更多的心理加工资源,其意义有待于进一步探索. 相似文献
2.
基于分形维前臂动作表面肌电信号的分类 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过分形维对表面肌电信号进行识别分类.在30个健康志愿者做前臂内旋和外旋时,从他们的右前臂肌前群分别采集2类动作表面肌电信号.当原始动作表面肌电信号用小波包变换分解成几个子信号后,采用一种基于模糊自相似性的方法计算原始信号和4个子信号的分形维.结果表明:从频带0～125 Hz的子信号求得的内旋和外旋动作表面肌电信号的分形维有各自的范围;通过该分形维进行Bayes决策时,错误识别率仅2.26%.因此,该分形维适合用来识别内旋和外旋动作表面肌电信号. 相似文献
3.
INTRODUCTION Surface EMG signal recorded from the skin surface over limb muscles in the process of limmovement is called action surface EMG (ASEMGsignal. Containing the electrical and functional properties of limb muscle contraction and providing thinformation on the neuromuscular activity fromwhich ASEMG signal originates, ASEMG signal habeen widely applied in rehabilitation and the controlof prosthetic devices for the individuals with amputations or congenitally deficient limbs … 相似文献
4.
Miriam Rosenberg‐Lee 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2018,12(1):12-22
The promise of educational neuroscience lies in its potential to uncover mechanistic insights into the science of learning. However, to realize that promise, the field must overcome a fundamental difference between the constituent disciplines: neuroscience is primarily concerned with understanding how the brain works; whereas education attempts to change the brain regardless of its workings. Learning is one domain where these orientations align: it is a deep feature of nervous systems and a target outcome of education. This article proposes coupling training studies with neuroimaging to assess the impact of real‐world learning on brain activity patterns, and simultaneously ask fundamental questions about the causal role of specific patterns of brain activity in academic skill acquisition. Finally, planning and implementing these studies requires multiple forms of expertise and collaborating across disciplines, which will contribute to a more cohesive educational neuroscience research community. 相似文献
5.
Using time‐frequency analysis techniques to investigate the event‐related low‐frequency (delta: 0.5–4 Hz; theta: 4–8 Hz) activity of auditory event‐related potentials (ERPs) data of highly and average intelligent children, 18 intellectually gifted children, and 18 intellectually average children participated the present study. Present findings show that intellectually gifted children had significantly larger delta activity than their normal peers in mismatch negativity (MMN) component, while in P3a component, which originates from stimulus‐driven frontal attention mechanisms during task processing, intellectually gifted children had both significantly larger delta and theta activities than their normal peers. The present findings further supported that low‐frequency brain activity could be regarded as the basis of intelligence and cognitive functions, and spectral EEG time‐frequency analysis technique should be used to explore some new aspects of brain activity relating to intelligence. 相似文献
6.
随着光散射法测量PM2.5颗粒物浓度技术的发展,该技术成为测量大气PM2.5浓度的主要手段之一。散射激光雷达接收到的信号为回波信号图,通过建立回波信号图灰度值与PM2.5浓度的关系模型,实现对颗粒物浓度的测量。该技术需要对回波信号图进行预处理并提取散射信号,为了实现一种高性能、可实时测量的回波信号图预处理系统,设计一款基于Delphi7语言的实时图像处理软件。该软件通过对内存分配双缓冲区域、设置采集频率以及图像裁剪等方法,提高图片的采集与处理速率。实验结果表明,该软件操作简单、运行稳定且可扩展性较强。 相似文献
7.
Natalie H. Brito Denise Werchan Annie Brandes-Aitken Hirokazu Yoshikawa Ashley Greaves Maggie Zhang 《Child development》2022,93(4):1030-1043
The first months of life are critical for establishing neural connections relevant for social and cognitive development. Yet, the United States lacks a national policy of paid family leave during this important period of brain development. This study examined associations between paid leave and infant electroencephalography (EEG) at 3 months in a sociodemographically diverse sample of families from New York City (N = 80; 53 males; 48% Latine; data collection occurred 05/2018–12/2019). Variable-centered regression results indicate that paid leave status was related to differences in EEG power (ps < .02, R2s > .12). Convergent results from person-centered latent profile analyses demonstrate that mothers with paid leave were 7.39 times as likely to have infants with EEG profiles characterized by increased higher-Hz power (95% CI, 1.9–36.9), potentially reflecting more mature patterns of brain activity. 相似文献
8.
为了使数字水印实现多种功能,提出了一种能在同一音频信号中同时嵌入多个水印的新方法.首先,载体音频信号被分隔成指定长度的帧,并且所有成员水印被编码成一个混合水印.然后,利用回声隐藏技术将混合水印中的二进制比特嵌入到音频信号帧中.水印提取不需要原始音频信号.为了提高水印算法的提取正确率和抵御常规信号处理的鲁棒性,功率倒谱的自相关被用于检测携带水印的音频信号帧中的回声延时以提取出混合水印,并且相应的解码算法被用于分离成员水印.计算机仿真结果表明所提出的水印算法对常规的信号处理,如Mp3压缩、重采样、重量化、低通滤波以及白噪声具有很强的鲁棒性. 相似文献
9.
Discourse and learning in a Norwegian multiethnic classroom: Developing shared understanding through classroom discourse 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article explores the mediational role of classroom discourse in the development of shared understanding in the multiethnic
classroom Successful participation in classroom discourse not only requires linguistic and cognitive competence, but also
demands cultural knowledge, which often is taken for granted. Research carried out in a multiethnic third grade class in Norway
reveals that a discrepancy between teachers’ implicit assumptions of what is “common knowledge” and minority pupils’ lack
of background knowledge might impede joint meaning construction. Discourse episodes, illustrating various misunderstandings,
are analyzed and compared. The analysis of the discourse focuses on how the topical content, the multiple reference frames
applied, and the particular forms of discourse used, jointly create the framework within which development of shared understanding
occurs or fails to occur. It becomes apparent that various discourse patterns, creating different premises for pupil participation,
afford different ways of dealing with the misunderstandings encountered. It is argued that disparities in understanding should
not be looked upon as “transmission errors”, that are something to be avoided in classroom dialogue, but might be viewed as
generators of new understandings. The article is based on qualitative analysis of discourse excerpts, using transcribed audio
recordings, field notes and interviews. 相似文献
10.
In this work we use research from science education on teacher framing and work from mathematics education on teacher noticing to develop new approaches to modeling teacher cognition. The framing literature proposes a dynamic cognitive model of teaching in which teacher epistemological framing, or moment‐to‐moment understanding of what is going on with respect to knowledge and learning in the classroom, drives much of teacher practice. The teacher noticing literature documents patterns and trends in teachers' attention during instruction. We suggest first that noticing patterns, particularly local noticing patterns, can be leveraged to make inferences about teacher framing that maintain sensitivity to its dynamics but are also more reliable than existing analytic approaches. Second, we suggest that understanding noticing as driven by framing requires researchers to anticipate, allow for, and capitalize on the fact that teachers are capable of multiple, internally consistent variations in noticing at any given time. To illustrate these claims we present an analysis of one high school biology teacher who implemented a new digital recording technology in her classroom. Using the data from that implementation we identify two distinct local patterns in the teacher's noticing and from those patterns infer two different epistemological frames, one that she adopts during lab work and another during class discussions. We also discuss implications of these multiple framings for the study and training of teacher noticing more broadly. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 50:284–314, 2013 相似文献
11.
Serum protein fingerprinting coupled with artificial neural network distinguishes glioma from healthy population or brain benign tumor 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
To screen and evaluate protein biomarkers for the detection of gliomas (Astrocytoma grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ) from healthy individuals and gliomas from brain benign tumors by using surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) coupled with an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm. SELDI-TOF-MS protein fingerprinting of serum from 105 brain tumor patients and healthy individuals, included 28 patients with glioma (Astrocytoma Ⅰ-Ⅳ), 37 patients with brain benign tumor, and 40 age-matched healthy individuals. Two thirds of the total samples of every compared pair as training set were used to set up discriminating patterns, and one third of total samples of every compared pair as test set were used to cross-validate; simultaneously, discriminate-cluster analysis derived SPSS 10.0 software was used to compare Astrocytoma grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ with grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ ones. An accuracy of 95.7%, sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 90% and negative predictive value of 100% were obtained in a blinded test set comparing gliomas patients with healthy individuals; an accuracy of 86.4%, sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 84.6%, positive predictive value of 90% and negative predictive value of 85.7% were obtained when patient's gliomas was compared with benign brain tumor. Total accuracy of 85.7%, accuracy of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ Astrocytoma was 86.7%, accuracy ofⅢ-Ⅳ Astrocytoma was 84.6% were obtained when grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ Astrocytoma was compared with grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ ones (discriminant analysis). SELDI-TOF-MS combined with bioinformatics tools, could greatly facilitate the discovery of better biomarkers. The high sensitivity and specificity achieved by the use of selected biomarkers showed great potential application for the discrimination of gliomas patients from healthy individuals and glioma from brain benign tumors. 相似文献
12.
"学思维"活动课程是一门以"思维方法"为主线的活动课程,其教学方式有别于"知识"主线的课程。这一课程需要在实践中创建有效的教学模式,以总结教学经验,指导教学行为。"学思维"活动课程的三种教学模式是:思维方法基础训练课型的教学模式、问题解决基础训练课型的教学模式和创造性思维提升训练课型的教学模式。 相似文献
13.
This article investigated how mathematic anxiety (MA) of Korean middle school students could be reduced by comparing analytically their cognitive neuroscience and questionnaire results. We developed a three-hour Complex Treatment Program (CTP) on quadratic functions for the study. In the summer of 2016, we collected data of the pre and post MA questionnaires by Mathematics Anxiety Scale for Students (MASS), the percent of correct answers (PCA) and reaction time (RT) by E-prime program, and also brain-imaging data of the event related potentials (ERP) by Electroencephalograph (EEG) using computer-based functional F-G model. The result indicated the CTP to be effective with the group with higher math anxiety and the group with higher achievement respectively. The MASS result was verified with the better performance of PCA on type G, which was measured by E-prime program. Some interesting patterns were revealed on brain-imaging data by EEG, indicating more brain activities with the MA groups. 相似文献
14.
The relations between changes in the scalp-recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) and the development of the ability to perform successfully 2 cognitive tasks attributed to frontal lobe functioning were examined in 13 infants from 7 to 12 months of age. Infants successful in performing the A-not-B task with increasingly longer delays across the second half of the first year of life showed changes in power in scalp-recorded brain electrical activity in the frontal region and an increase in anterior/posterior EEG coherence. Infants with rapid mastery of object retrieval did not differ in frontal EEG development from infants who exhibited the normal developmental progression in object retrieval performance. In a task examining inhibition of reaching to a novel toy, there were no differences in frontal EEG as a function of performance. Results from a cross-sectional sample revealed similar findings. These data confirm work with nonhuman primates on the importance of maturation of frontal cortex in the successful performance on certain tasks (A-not-B), but do not confirm nonhuman primate data on the importance of frontal cortex for other tasks (object retrieval). The data also suggest that the electroencephalogram may be useful as a noninvasive measure of central nervous system development during the first year of life. 相似文献
15.
In order to classify the alertness status, 19 channels of electroencephalogram（EEG） signals from 5 subjects were acquired during daytime nap. Ten different types of features（including time domain features, frequency domain features and nonlinear features） were extracted from EEG signals, and an improved self-organizing map（ISOM） neuron network was proposed, which successfully identify three different brain status of the subjects： awareness, drowsiness and sleep. Compared with traditional SOM, the experiment results show that the ISOM generates much better classification accuracy, reaching as high as 89.59%. 相似文献
16.
Geraldine Dawson Laura Grofer Klinger Heracles Panagiotides Deborah Hill Susan Spieker 《Child development》1992,63(3):725-737
Studies of adults and infants indicate that the left frontal brain region is specialized for approach emotions, such as joy, whereas the right frontal region is specialized for withdrawal emotions, such as distress. Furthermore, depressed adults have been found to show reduced brain activity in the left frontal region. In this study, frontal and parietal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity was recorded from 27 infants aged 11-17 months (13 of whose mothers reported elevated depressive symptoms) during baseline and emotion-eliciting conditions. Compared with infants of nonsymptomatic mothers, infants of symptomatic mothers exhibited reduced left frontal brain activity during playful interactions with their mothers and failed to exhibit the typical pattern of greater right frontal activity during a condition designed to elicit distress (maternal separation). Infants of symptomatic mothers also showed less distress during maternal separation; however, no group differences in behavior were found during the playful condition. Group differences were evident in the frontal region, but not in parietal brain activity. 相似文献
17.
ABSTRACTIn this article, we reflect on the contributions of the social sciences to the field of adapted physical activity by examining the theories and methods that have been adopted from the social science disciplines. To broaden our perspective on adapted physical activity and provide new avenues for theoretical and empirical exploration, we discuss and evaluate broad ideas/tensions arising from the social science literature—the individual versus social/ecological, and social science of adapted physical activity versus social science in adapted physical activity. We intentionally focus discussion on the application of specific lines of inquiry in the social sciences that have not yet emerged (or have done so only in limited applications) in the field of adapted physical activity. Such untapped areas of scholarship in the social sciences can lead to broader understanding, innovations, and new lines of inquiry when applied to an adapted physical activity context. 相似文献
18.
选取没有音乐训练经验的8名本科生被试借助计算机进行实验,用16导脑电地形图仪记录被试脑电功率的变化,探索三种不同速度音乐感知过程中的脑电波谱功率的差异。结果表明:在音乐欣赏状态下,大脑听觉区以α波段活动为主;在欣赏不同速度的乐曲时,脑电波谱功率发生了明显变化,特别是在α波段慢速音乐诱发的平均功率值和峰频功率均高于中速和快速,且α波段不同乐速的峰频变化明显;由于大脑两侧的不对称性,T5的频段内平均功率、总功率、频谱功率、峰频功率显著小于T6的。由此,不同速度的乐曲会引起脑电功率的不同变化。 相似文献
19.
《Learning and individual differences》2006,16(3):217-233
The phase-synchronization of Gamma-band oscillations has been postulated as a mechanism of “network binding” and implicated in various aspects of perception, memory, and cognition. The current study investigates a possible link between Gamma synchrony and individual differences in intelligence within the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence, with due reference to Hebbian theory. The hypothesis is that there are significant correlations between cognitive performance and synchronous Gamma activity across diverse brain regions. EEG data were recorded from 35 healthy participants, and the peak magnitude and latency of early and late Gamma Synchrony were extracted using a method for quantifying phase synchronization across multiple sites. Participants also completed 11 diverse cognitive ability tests tapping fluid and crystallized intelligence. Overall, moderate-sized correlations were obtained between accuracy and speed composite scores, derived from the ability tests, and magnitude and latency indices of Gamma synchrony. Phase-synchronous Gamma activity provides a plausible physiological mechanism that might account for individual differences in cognitive abilities. 相似文献
20.
刘昱 《大连教育学院学报》2002,18(4):7-9
我国社会主义市场经济体制的确立 ,要求人们的思想道德也改变旧有的状态 ,以适应社会主义市场经济的健康发展。市场经济对道德建设影响的双重效应与社会主义的内在品格为新道德观念的生成提供了方向和原则。社会主义道德观念与市场经济观念有机结合的新时期的道德观念 ,必须是既能适应和促进市场经济的发展 ,又能够限制、克服、匡正市场经济的负面影响 ,超越市场经济伦理本身的局限性。建立以集体主义为核心的社会主义道德 ,需要把市场经济观念同集体主义观念有机地结合 相似文献