共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
仿生概念将生物学和工程技术结合在一起,以最灵活、最高效、最可靠、最经济的方式,为人们改善和创造新的技术设备、促进技术革新、解决技术难题提供新原理、新方法和新途径。在大数据与智能化的时代背景下,信息技术虽不断向前发展但仍然面临诸多挑战,海量数据爆发式增长带来的存储、计算和分析需求,以及随其而来的能耗、效能挑战,迫切需要信息技术寻求新的发展方向。借助生物技术的启发,从生物结构中寻找信息技术革新方案,正成为国际前沿研究方向。DNA数据存储和神经形态计算,作为当前活跃的新兴研究领域,是两个具有代表性的方向,未来发展前景十分广阔。文章主要从这两个方向的发展现状及趋势出发,尝试分析受生物技术启发的信息技术发展的动因、趋势及前景。未来20年,将是生命领域与信息领域交叉融合的重要时间窗口。通过向生命系统学习和模拟,以及借鉴生物技术研究提供的新思路、新原理和新理论,信息领域将会产生若干颠覆性的技术与应用,并影响整个学术界与产业界。 相似文献
4.
5.
近年来随着信息化的发展和深入,企业生存和竞争环境都发生了很大的变化,各大企业都已经意识到,只有应用信息技术,利用好信息技术,才能够在竞争中继续生存和发展下去。会计信息化是在会计的基础上建立信息技术与会计学高度融合的现代会计信息系统,现代企业进行会计信息化建设是完善自身发展、适应市场竞争的必然选择 相似文献
6.
生命科学近150多年的发展历程可概括为环环相扣的3个阶段：经典遗传学时代、分子遗传学与分子生物学时代和生命组学与系统生物学时代。当代生命科学空前繁荣,呈现若干新特征：原始发现层出不穷,致使底层创新井喷;系统论与还原论并重,层层揭秘复杂生命过程;学科汇聚融合,生命科学从定性描述开始实现动态、精准和定量解读;科学数据共享,成为生命科学界普遍遵循的规则;合成生物学与人工智能兴起,为生命科学研究提供了新的范式。这些特征使生命科学知识获得极大丰富、生物技术得以快速迭代升级。与此同时,中国生命科学厚积薄发,近10年进步显著,逐渐改写世界生命科学版图,并在科技抗击新冠肺炎疫情中贡献突出。随着世界政治经济格局发生深刻变化,中国生命科学面临更多挑战。理顺各科研模块的功能定位和资源配置,创建先进科研文化、营造良好科研氛围、坚持开放与国际合作,将进一步夯实中国生命科学的基础,使其更加卓越,贡献科技强国建设,丰厚回馈人类健康和社会经济。 相似文献
7.
随着高科技的迅猛发展,形成了高科技与人、自然、社会之间复杂的道德与利益关系。生物技术冲击传统的生命伦理观,信息技术带来信任危机和安全危机,人类在自然界中的权利和义务的矛盾,高科技的价值负载不断被质疑,高科技工作人员的伦理责任日渐突出。全面审视科学技术的社会功能,使科技伦理建设成为指引高科技发展的前导,促进科学和技术的国际合作、强化科技人员的社会责任,强化全社会共同参与"伦理治理"已势在必行。 相似文献
8.
随着互联网技术和信息技术的快速发展,信息化的进程深刻地改变了由电视、广播、报纸和杂志所构筑的大众媒体结构,造就了传统媒体与新媒体共生、竞争、融合的综合系统。同时大媒体时代的来临也给电视产业带来了巨大的冲击与挑战,使电视产业的未来之路充满不确定性。本文基于新媒体时代,对电视产业的发展现状进行了分析,并对电视产业的发展策略进行了相关探讨。 相似文献
9.
当今知识管理研究领域存在着信息技术和组织管理的范式.这种二元对立的范式不利于研究者的交流与沟通,阻碍了知识管理研究的进一步深入发展,应当加以整合.在全面论述知识管理复杂性的基础上,引入复杂科学管理理论,提出整合知识管理研究范式的思路与设想.新范式将知识管理看作一个复杂自适应系统,以复杂科学管理的基本理论为支撑,整合人、组织、管理和技术四大要素,运用综合集成的方法,为知识管理的研究构建统一的规范和科学交流平台,从而有效解决了二元范式对立所带来的障碍,推动知识管理研究的深入发展. 相似文献
10.
正在生命科学研究领域,方法和技术被视为揭开生命奥秘的窗户和突破口,许多重大的科学研究成果,都源于生物技术的不断创新。科研工作者从未停止对生物技术的关注和探索,取得突破和创新更是他们不断追寻的目标。2013年8月8日,生物技术领域顶级学术期刊Nature Biotechnology正式发表了上海市调控生物学重点实验室、华东师范大学生科院生命医学研究所刘明耀、李大力课题组的最新研究成果:在国际上率先建立了基于CRISPR-Cas系统构建基因敲除大鼠和小鼠 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
15.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
16.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
19.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献