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Parents are an important source of advice when adolescents are faced with decisions about postsecondary education and career planning; however, parents often need to seek information to facilitate their child’s career development. This study applies the theory of motivated information management (TMIM) to evaluate the decision-making process parents undergo in this context and tests the boundaries of TMIM by considering how individuals use face-to-face (FtF) and online sources to alleviate uncertainty-related anxieties. A community sample of parents (N?=?937) completed a survey regarding their information seeking behaviors surrounding their adolescent’s career development. Parents reported using both FtF and online sources to seek information about their child’s postsecondary plans, and they engaged in different evaluative processes depending on the source of information. Theoretical implications related to TMIM and practical implications related to parents as sources of information in adolescent career development are discussed. 相似文献
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在今天这个信息爆炸与科技迅速发展的时代，信息保存、信息结构、信息获得与信息评价等已经成为社会所关注的重要问题。如何对待和处理信息教育已成为学生能否学以成功的关键。美国的图书馆员，尤其是高校的图书馆员们，充分地认识到了信息教育的重要性和关键性，力图寻找传授信息的最佳方法。其目的是把信息教育有效地融入课堂教学中去，最终能使学生不仅在学校学习期间学以成功，而且能够将所学技巧与知识为终生所用。本论文将介绍与探讨将信息教育融入课程设置中去的一些有效方法，并详细阐述通过图书馆员与教师合作的方式而进行信息教育之成功的范例。 相似文献
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Vocational decisions are important decisions for adolescents. This article takes television effects into account. A literature review for the occupational world in TV programs reveals a strong focus on some occupations as well as small cultivation effects plus learning effects from mediated role models. A secondary analysis of 2 panel waves was undertaken to study the effect of media role models on occupational aspiration. Television usage in a program segment correlated with corresponding aspirations. A process models showed a strong effect of career aspiration in 1 panel wave on related television usage and career aspirations in the following panel wave. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: To obtain basic information about non-librarian health professionals who become librarians and information specialists. METHODS: The survey was a Web-based questionnaire. A non-random sample of persons was obtained by posting messages to several large Internet electronic discussion groups. Individuals who met the selection criteria and were willing to participate filled out a Web-based form designed using common gateway interface (CGI) programming. RESULTS: 118 forms were analyzed. Three subgroups of participants were identified and statistical comparisons among these groups were carried out for many of the quantitative questions. Information concerning reasons they left their original field; factors influencing their choice of the field of library and information science; reactions of family, friends, and colleagues; and interactions with patrons and other information about this group was obtained and summarized. A health sciences background was seen as helpful in the new career as information specialist. Most people were happy with their new profession despite negative reactions from colleagues, relatives, and, occasionally, patrons. Feelings of regret and abandonment of their patients were noted by some. Many persons did not know that peers had made similar career changes. CONCLUSIONS: A health sciences background imparts an expertise in both the vocabulary and subject matter of medicine that non-biomedical individuals would not ordinarily have. Although becoming a librarian may be perceived as a very positive career change for an individual, societal opinion and pressure can make such a career change difficult. Nevertheless, participants in this survey demonstrate a high level of satisfaction with their new careers and are quite happy with their work. 相似文献
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图书馆员积极人格的构建 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
图书馆员的职业在本质上体现了对人的服务性,因而图书馆员的人格特征显得重要。文章从积极心理学关于积极人格的基本主张中得到启发,对图书馆员应有的积极人格特征进行了辨析,并提供了在个体层面上获得图书馆员积极人格特征的四条基本途径。 相似文献
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《Library Collections, Acquisitions, and Technical Services》2004,28(4):460-464
Librarians are well known as gatherers of statistics and other data. However, we do not always use the information that we gather, preferring instead to point to the numbers themselves as evidence of our work. This presentation attempted both to describe the benefits and drawbacks of numerous ways to accumulate information about our collections and library services and to show how that information can be used to make collection management decisions. The types of data to be described include usage statistics, subject–date analysis, bibliography or peer comparisons, patron input, cost-per-use, wear and tear, and anecdotal evidence. No one method of gathering data will give a complete picture. However, using a combination of data gathering methods can help to give an overall picture of the strengths and weaknesses of a given collection and give clues about what areas may need development—or can be ignored. 相似文献
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《Government Information Quarterly》2021,38(4):101598
The literature dealing with undecided voters – a growing group of citizens in many democracies that can determine who wins in election campaigns – suggests two very different profiles. The first approach describes undecided voters as being generally uninformed about politics, while the second sees undecideds as sophisticated citizens who follow a campaign closely before making their final voting decision. The current study tries to make sense of this contrast, while examining differences between sophisticated and less sophisticated undecideds (their level of sophistication was based on their political interest and knowledge). Using two panel surveys, conducted before and after the April 2019 elections in Israel (N = 1427; N = 912), we examine a number of hypotheses about differences in terms of the undecided citizens' demographic backgrounds, how they search for political information during the election campaign, how they come to make their final decisions, and whether they ended up voting. The findings indicate that the typical sophisticated undecided voter is a citizen from a more privileged social background, exhibits greater trust in traditional media, consumes more news to follow the campaign (from various traditional news outlets and social media), is more likely to carry out online discussions about the elections, is more likely to base his or her decision on policy issues, is more likely to debate between parties within the same ideological camp (internal floater), and more likely to vote than less sophisticated undecided voters. Our typology, which makes a distinction between sophisticated and less sophisticated undecided voters, as well as these findings (and the comparison to the committed voters), can help political scientists and practitioners widen their understanding regarding this important group of voters in todays' complex political reality. 相似文献
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Kafi D. Kumasi Deborah H. CharbonneauAuthor VitaeDian WalsterAuthor Vitae 《Library & information science research》2013
In the discipline of library and information science (LIS), a qualitative analysis of the meaningful use of theory in contemporary scholarly literature is critical to helping scholars expand their repertoire of knowledge about various theories and helping them make informed decisions about how to skillfully integrate theory in their research. This study explored how theory was presented and talked about in seven prominent library science-focused journals from 2009 to 2011. Through a process of analytic induction, categories representing a continuum of theory talk were identified and their relationships examined. Three main types of theory talk in library research are defined, ranging from minimal (theory dropping), moderate (theory conversation), to major (theory generation). The categories and their relationships generate a rich discussion about the intensity and degree to which theory is being discussed and used in a less-examined subset of library and information science research journals. This research contributes both an explanatory structure and substantive discussion regarding theory use in library science to the professional literature. 相似文献
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Christopher J. McKinley Yi Luo Paul J. Wright Ashley Kraus 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2013,41(1):112-129
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) students continue to perceive a hostile climate on college campuses. For students facing these challenges, the university college counseling center website (CCW) may serve as a critical resource. This study provides an updated content analysis of the prevalence of LGBT communication on CCWs. Results showed that there remains a lack of LGBT-specific information about services provided on US CCWs. Furthermore, over-time analyses of 2008 and 2013 data showed that there have been no significant increases in any LGBT communication, and CCWs from religious schools continue to provide significantly less LGBT-related communication than nonreligious institutions. Separate analyses of UK CCWs showed that these websites were more likely than US CCWs to make any mention of LGBT issues but less likely to note group counseling services, links to LGBT-specific pamphlets, and educational outreach services offered. Overall, given attractive features of online health information, as well as the extent that students value CCWs, institutions must pursue stronger efforts to promote LGBT-related web counseling information. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(36):105-119
Occupational information plays a central role in the process of personal career exploration and decision-making. The proliferation, popularity, and high cost of printed, computerized and videotaped occupational information require librarians to assess the material's value prior to purchase and following its use. Fortunately, a number of resources and professional guidelines exist to assist in this endeavor. This chapter describes those factors that need to be taken into account, and the resources available to facilitate the evaluation of occupational information for use in libraries and career resource centers. 相似文献
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Daniel Muise 《亚洲交流杂志》2019,29(3):217-234
ABSTRACTChanges in information communication technology across the Asian region have altered our field substantively and methodologically. The rapid growth of digitized communications allows us to find new purchase in examining questions fundamental to our understanding of communication theories, norms, and practices across Asia. While methods such as text mining and user analytics are increasingly popular among computational scholars, here, we focus on online field experiments, an approach to studying communication that has the potential to overcome many existing obstacles to social scientific inquiry but one that has been used relatively rarely in Asia. In this paper, we discuss what online field experiments are and how they differ from traditional experiments as well as online lab and survey experiments. We show how researchers can go about designing and implementing online field experiments, focusing on issues where online field experiments differ from their traditional counterparts – legal and ethical considerations, construct validity, randomization and spillover, and statistical analyses. Finally we discuss how online field experiments can advance our understanding of communication in Asia by helping researchers to gain insight and make causal inferences on attitudes, behaviors, and interactions that were previously unobservable ?. 相似文献
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Samantha Schmehl Hines 《Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian》2013,32(3):80-86
“Bounded rationality” is a concept used in the social sciences to help identify and predict how individuals make decisions. An offshoot of rational choice theory, bounded rationality accounts for the fact that completely rational decisions are not feasible in practice and states that individuals use heuristics, or rules based on past experiences and information, to make decisions. The disciplinary home of bounded rationality is behavioral economics, but this concept is becoming more popular in other branches of the social sciences to help explain and predict human behavior. We can benefit from looking at librarianship from the perspective of bounded rationality, which has been done infrequently in our professional literature. Bounded rationality can explain how our users create heuristic shortcuts to simplify the decision-making process and deal with the multitude of choices and information available. If we can understand and harness these heuristics, we will better understand how our users make decisions and better determine how we can assist them. Moreover, librarians could also be said to make decisions using bounded rationality. Tasks such as collection development and the reference interview involve the use of heuristics on our part to process all the information we have available to us. Becoming aware of this process can provide for a more mindful and efficient way of making choices. This concept article will describe bounded rationality, apply bounded rationality to aspects of library service, and discuss the possible use of the concept as an assessment tool for our services. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Academic Librarianship》2023,49(3):102671
Much can be learned from examining what leaders and followers believe motivates their work and the work of their colleagues. Research indicates a person's actions are inseparable from their beliefs and, given the many workplace decisions made on a daily basis, studying the motivational beliefs that underlie those decisions could reveal a great deal about workplace dynamics. The Motivation Beliefs Inventory (MBI) is a validated survey instrument designed to measure motivation beliefs along four theoretical lines: Reinforcement Theory, Expectancy-Valence Theory, Achievement Motivation Theory, and Self-Determination Theory. While this instrument has been used to measure motivation beliefs in such disparate industries as global consulting and the U.S. military, it has never been applied in an academic or library setting.Thus, this article discusses the results of a study which investigated the motivation beliefs of Association of Research Libraries (ARL) academic librarians in the United States. This study utilized a cross-sectional survey design with a stratified random sample of academic librarians employed by the 102 U.S. ARL member libraries. The findings indicate that ARL librarians' gender identity, race/ethnicity, faculty status, manager/non-manager job duties, educational attainment, and years of experience in academic libraries impact the motivation theories with which their beliefs align. 相似文献
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《Communication monographs》2012,79(4):478-502
This paper offers a novel perspective on why individuals in global organizations make culturally based attributions of their colleagues that impede effective working relations. Drawing on observational and interview data from an ethnographic study of product development work at a global automaker's engineering centers in Mexico, the United States, and India, we show the important role that occupational stereotypes and perceived status differentials play in global workplace interaction. The findings demonstrate that individuals who consider themselves to be “low-status” attempt to increase their status by leading high-status individuals to believe that they work in ways that reflect dominant occupational stereotypes. However, because these stereotypes are often inaccurate, members of the high-status culture assume that the stereotype-imitating behaviors of low-status individuals represent deficiencies in how they work. These findings have important implications for intercultural interaction in the global workplace and for theories of communication in multinational organizations. 相似文献
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KARIN WAHL-JORGENSEN 《The Communication Review》2013,16(1):89-105
This article looks at the news production practices surrounding letters to the editor as a case study in the difficulties of creating a civil public debate in multicultural societies. It examines how letters editors make decisions about publishing uncivil letters—letters that are sexist, racist, homophobic, or generally intolerant. If letters contribute to the public debate, editors are reluctant to reject them, even if they challenge norms of propriety. Editors reject only letters that fall into one of two categories: (1) personal attack letters that might result in libel suits and (2) letters that are openly racist, sexist, or homophobic and do not in any way contribute to the public debate. They justify their decisions in common sense theories sympathetic to deliberative democracy. Editors thus see a policy of limited editorial intervention as the only way to ensure an open and honest debate about the varied issues that face the citizens of a multicultural society. 相似文献
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试论新形势下的读者服务工作 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
随着计算机，通讯等信息技术日新月异地发展以及网络的日益普及，作为传统文献服务机构的图书馆，其职能和社会地位正在受到新技术发展所带来的挑战，读者服务工作也随之受到很大冲击。在新形势下如何做好读者服务工作，正是本文所要探讨的问题。 相似文献
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Systematic reviews need systematic searchers. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1