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1.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(91-92):69-81
Summary Reference publishing is in an era of competing technologies: print and electronic. For large multivolume reference books, the transition from being primarily a print resource to being primarily electronic is well advanced, perhaps nearly complete. For many smaller reference books, such as dictionaries, thesauruses, and almanacs, the transition is less advanced; in fact, it seems likely that print and electronic editions of such works may coexist for years to come. There are good reasons for this to happen, but this situation also poses challenges to librarians, publishers, and patrons. This article reviews some of the aspects of this transitional era in terms of what has been learned so far and what may develop in the future. 相似文献
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Allan Brown 《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(4):277-286
Abstract Australia and Finland provide contrasting case studies of the transition from analogue to digital terrestrial television transmission. The experiences of these two countries help identify the policy choices available to governments and provide lessons for other countries planning their digital terrestrial television systems. Overall, the digital policies adopted in Finland are much more liberal than those in Australia. The Australian experience serves to confirm the deficiency of the high definition model for digital television, and to indicate that a wider range of programming and services offers viewers a greater incentive to invest in digital reception equipment than high‐resolution picture quality. Shortcomings in policy decisions have resulted in problems for both countries since their launch of digital transmissions. There have been delays in the availability of some digital services, and the take‐up of digital equipment by viewers has been poor. The experiences of Australia and Finland suggest that the transition to digital terrestrial television broadcasting represents a situation of market failure and that governments may need to consider intervening in the market for digital reception equipment. ....... 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(85):81-89
SUMMARY This article discusses the quality of commercial and library-sponsored AskA services and uses this as a prediction for the success of the programs. The authors also explore the idea of the commoditization of information and its acceptance rates in different countries, and use these to predict the success of commercial and library-sponsored AskA services both in the United States and abroad. 相似文献
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Abstract This article reviews the test of a home market model of international trade in media products using a movie industry database covering 6 major countries (the United States, Japan, Germany, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom) over the 1950 to 2003 period. In support of the model, this study finds a consistently positive relation between domestic theater box-office market shares and various measures of domestic movie spending or domestic movie attendance, and negative relations between domestic movie spending and the market shares of imported American film products. Based on these results, declining domestic film production industries in Europe and Japan after about the 1970s, along with growing dominance of the world film market by the United States, is attributed to a relatively rapid growth of domestic consumer spending on movies in the United States. 相似文献
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Anthony Verdesca 《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(1):81-88
ABSTRACT Reference Service has been regarded as a required course in the curricula at all levels of library education in Pakistan. An analysis of the contents of reference service course and teaching methodologies of the country's seven of the eight graduate library schools reveals that reference service practices of the 1960s and 1970s predominate, along with a wider absence of electronic reference sources and newer technologies, non-availability of competent teachers, and poor lab facilities. Suggestions include revision of curricula, arrangement to train reference teachers in developed countries, improvement of laboratories, and organization of continuing education programs. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(72):123-136
Abstract Humanists build new ideas and arguments based upon studies done in the past. Although research requires these scholars to pick through the literature that has come before, much has been lost because of the lack of adequate comprehensive reference tools. In the age of technology, new projects are available which enhance and enlarge the body of work upon which future scholars can build. For reference librarians helping with research questions in the humanities, the marriage of traditional reference tools and new on-line resources means a richer cumulation of past scholarship. In this paper, I will discuss strategies for academic humanities reference librarians to integrate traditional and electronic reference resources, and the need to continue learning the skills to use both. Humanities reference librarians must continue the great humanist tradition of building new ideas upon older foundations by successfully acquiring and using both new and old reference resources. 相似文献
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Objective:There are no existing validated search filters for the group of 37 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. This study describes how information specialists from the United Kingdom''s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) developed and evaluated novel OECD countries’ geographic search filters for MEDLINE and Embase (Ovid) to improve literature search effectiveness for evidence about OECD countries.Methods:We created the draft filters using an alternative approach to standard filter construction. They are composed entirely of geographic subject headings and are designed to retain OECD country evidence by excluding non-OECD country evidence using the NOT Boolean operator. To evaluate the draft filters’ effectiveness, we used MEDLINE and Embase literature searches for three NICE guidelines that retrieved >5,000 search results. A 10% sample of the excluded references was screened to check that OECD country evidence was not inadvertently excluded.Results:The draft MEDLINE filter reduced results for each NICE guideline by 9.5% to 12.9%. In Embase, search results were reduced by 10.7% to 14%. Of the sample references, 7 of 910 (0.8%) were excluded inadvertently. These references were from a guideline about looked-after minors that concerns both OECD and non-OECD countries.Conclusion:The draft filters look promising—they reduced search result volumes while retaining most OECD country evidence from MEDLINE and Embase. However, we advise caution when using them in topics about both non-OECD and OECD countries. We have created final versions of the search filters and will validate them in a future study. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(2):31-40
ABSTRACT A selective annotated bibliography of literature about reference services from 1984 to the present. The selected writings highlight how reference service has been challenged and changed over the last 20 years as a result of technological advances, shifts in information-seeking behavior, and inadequate monetary and human resources. This bibliography is meant to provide further reading on the topics covered by the articles in this issue on the current state and future of reference services. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(57):167-178
Abstract This article is a selective guide to some of the best Internet sites for obtaining reference information in the area of United States History. The categories covered include historical documents, archival directories, bibliographies, book reviews, statistics, discussion groups, biographical information, and online guides to the Internet. 相似文献
11.
《Cataloging & classification quarterly》2013,51(2):53-76
ABSTRACT This paper analyzes cataloging rules for Korean materials focusing on the McCune-Reischauer (MR)1 system, the Korean romanization scheme currently used in the United States. This system has been used for a long time in many Western countries, and was officially adopted by the Library of Congress (LC) for use in the cataloging of Korean language materials. Considering users' information-seeking behavior and searching abilities, however, the MR system has many drawbacks for increasing users' ability to retrieve information. This paper analyzes bibliographic records in academic libraries, the LC, and the Research Libraries Information Network (RLIN) to identify the issues and problems of the MR system. A user survey conducted demonstrates that the MR system is not a user-customized tool based on users' searching ability. Several solutions are suggested to overcome the limitations of the MR system. 相似文献
12.
Dennis T. Lowry 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(2):239-244
When radio and television are touted as the “greatest media for education” or the “promoting of social change” that the world has ever known, the need of the developing countries of the world for these media is often cited. It is probable that most citizens of the United States think of “developing nations” as those newly‐formed countries of Asia and Africa whose political, social and economic problems often are featured in the day's news reports. However, there are more than a score of developing nations in the western hemisphere, and one of these is right at the back door of the U. S. This country, Mexico, has been using radio and television effectively for a major literacy program since 1965, and the following article describes that program. Dennis Lowry is a doctoral candidate in mass communication in the University of Minnesota School of Journalism and Mass Communication. Information for this article was gathered during a six‐week study trip to Mexico in the summer of 1968. 相似文献
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PurposeThis study analyzed the process of changes in Korean Library and Information Science curriculum and evaluated the courses currently available by using a perception survey of librarians in the field. It also explored a possible demand for new courses, while suggesting compulsory, core, and optional courses for Bachelor's degree curriculum in Library and Information Science worldwide including Korea and the US.Design/Methodology/ApproachThis study progressed through a total of 5 steps as follows: investigating the background of why current courses of Library and Information Science were offered (interview), finding out the current courses in Library and Information Science (homepage search and phone interview), finding out which courses students have actually completed among those available (literature and resource research), evaluating the practicality of the available courses by librarians in the field (survey), and exploring the demand for new courses (survey). In addition, this study analyzed the process of change in the courses offered by investigating the curriculum over the last 20 years.FindingsFirst and foremost, it was found that the decision of which course will be offered is strongly influenced by faculty. Second, in the analysis of the process of opening up new courses, it was revealed that the number of courses is growing and the courses are becoming more diversified and more specific. Third, the survey results of the completion of curriculum for the last three years in 10 universities demonstrate that only 50% of the available courses are being completed. Fourth, in the survey of which courses the librarians in the field think are necessary among the 90 courses suggested, 21 courses scored more than 4 points in a 5-point Likert scale regarding the demand for new courses. Fifth, the new courses which scored high levels of demand points were: Practice in Organizing and Managing Web Resources, Library Planning, Marketing, and Assessment, Understanding Information Technology for Managing Digital Collections, and Information and Communication in a Digital Age. Sixth, this study shows that there is a high level of agreement between courses completed by students and those which gained high levels of demand points in the practicality evaluation.Limitations/ImplicationsAs this study was performed in Korea where the Bachelor's degree course is fundamental, it will contribute valuable information to countries where universities have recently opened or are trying to open programs for Bachelor's degrees in Library and Information Science such as the US, or to curriculum study in countries such as China and Japan which have educational environments similar to Korea. However, similar studies need to be performed in different countries.Originality/ValueThis study has great significance as it has analyzed not only the curriculum of the last 20 years but also discovered how many of the newly created courses have actually been completed by students and the opinions of librarians in the field on these courses; there has not been such an encompassing study as this either inside or outside of Korea. 相似文献
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James Playsted Wood's The Curtis Magazines (New York: Ronald Press, 1971—price not known) Magazines in the United States which has just been re-released in a revised (3rd) edition (New York: Ronald Press, 1971—price not known) Otto Friedrich's Decline and Fall (New York, Harper &; Row/Ballentine, 1970—$10.00/1.25) 相似文献
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Daniel Boivin 《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(6):599-602
ABSTRACT Canada has always been an important and natural trading partner for the United States, and this was reflected within the library field when a Canadian library, the Alberta Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Commission (AADAC) became an Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) member in 1979. This was OCLC's first member library outside the United States. 相似文献
17.
Laura Galas Sider 《Journal Of Access Services》2016,13(2):91-100
ABSTRACTThis article describes the planning process and implementation of a single service point at Yale University's Sterling Memorial Library. While much recent scholarship on single service points (SSPs) has focused on the virtues or hazards of eliminating reference desks in libraries nationwide, this essay explores the ways in which single service points can improve the patron experience by bringing together circulation, information services, and library privileges. It begins with an overview of the process at Sterling, including the library renovation that enabled our transition. After laying out the planning, training, and implementation phases of the single service point, the essay presents the major issues with which SSPs must contend (staff expertise, integration within the library, and designing a space to suit both staff and patrons) and considers the potential of such service points to improve library services. 相似文献
18.
Sheila Egoff 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(3):265-279
AbstractIn Great Britain and the United States common developmental issues have resulted in the evolution of two very different models of school library provision. In the United States, school libraries are integrated media centers, separate from public library influence, staffed by specialists with dual training in teaching and librarianship, and dedicated to an educational mission. British school libraries are contested terrain with two patterns of staffing, support by Public Library Services, and incomplete formulation of mission and rationale. This article discusses five factors which have facilitated or retarded school library development in the two countries (standards, staffing and certification, government support, rationale, professionalization) and generalizes about development factors and the successful promotion of school libraries. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(56):5-25
Abstract The decade that has passed since the last time The Reference Librarian looked at archival reference has seen many changes for the archival profession. While the techniques and procedures of reference service have not changed dramatically, a certain level of standardization has been reached. Access and outreach remain their traditional ties to reference; as archivists have become less willing to accept access restrictions, recent copyright decisions have tended towards limiting the use of archival material. Research in reference, in users and in use has increased, although not as much as some would prefer; it has also been affected by debate over the archival mission. The increasing pace of automation has provided new delivery mechanisms and opportunities for access and outreach while at the same time it has called into question some of the basic tenets of the archival profession. New approaches have been proposed for reference in the digital environment. 相似文献