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1.
SUMMARY

The Nevada Constitution provides voters with the ability to propose new statutes, amendments to existing statutes, and amendments to the State constitution through the initiative petition process. Voters can also approve or disapprove of existing statutes through the referendum petition process. Both require the circulation of a petition to collect a minimum number of signatures before the Secretary of State will place the measures on the ballot for the general election. As with other topics of law, Nevada has a profound shortage of research resources on initiatives and referenda, but State law and government Web sites provide enough information to allow for significant research.  相似文献   

2.
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3.
SUMMARY

This article discusses the history of the initiative and referendum processes in Maine, including the steps needed to get an initiative or referendum on the State ballot. Part II of this paper discusses the early history of the initiative and referendum processes in Maine. Part III discusses recent use of initiatives in Maine. Part IV discusses the basics of the initiative and referendum processes in Maine, including a discussion of the differences between the People's Veto and a referendum, both used in Maine as mechanisms for the people to vote on whether a particular piece of legislation should take effect. Part V provides a detailed bibliography of research materials on the Maine initiative and referendum processes.  相似文献   

4.
SUMMARY

This article explains Illinois' restricted use of initiatives and referenda. Statewide initiatives are advisory only except for those amending the constitution; there is no process for creating statutes via initiatives. Advisory initiatives have been historically ignored by the legislature and therefore become less common over time. There are no statewide referenda in Illinois. Both binding and advisory referenda and initiatives are used by local governments enacting ordinances, and the former are often statutorily mandated. Because of Illinois' strong home rule system and the scattered nature of statutes addressing initiatives and referenda, research in this area can be difficult. An appendix of resources is included.  相似文献   

5.
SUMMARY

In 1898 the people of South Dakota approved the first constitutional amendment among the several existing states that reserved to the electors legislative powers previously within the sole control of the elected assembly. The amendment gave South Dakota the distinction of being the first in the Union to provide initiative and referendum to the electorate. South Dakota continues to be a state that widely employs the initiative and referendum as a tool for direct government. This article outlines the history of I&R, the basics of its use in this State, and how to locate the documents related to it.  相似文献   

6.
SUMMARY

Oregon voters are heavy users of the initiative and referendum, and they were pioneers of this form of democracy. This means that there is a good deal of information to be found about past initiatives and referendums, and the government of the State of Oregon and local civic groups have responded by making much of this information available online. This article outlines the sources for finding information on initiatives and referendums in Oregon.  相似文献   

7.
SUMMARY

The adoption of Article V, Section 1 of the Montana Constitution, on November 6, 1906 initiated the process of initiative and referendum in Montana and it has been heavily used ever since. An initiative is a proposal by petition to enact a new law by a vote of the people on any matter except the appropriation of money, or local or special laws. If the petitions are signed by the required number of electors, the proposed initiative must be submitted to the qualified electors. A referendum is a proposal by which the people, by their majority vote, can approve or reject a previously enacted statute, except an appropriation of money. A referendum may be originated by the legislature that enacted the statute or by the people. The Montana Secretary of State Elections Bureau and the Montana Legislative Library are invaluable sources of information for initiative and referendum in Montana and have subject lists of all these measures attempted in the state.  相似文献   

8.
Abstract

The tremendous expansion of online information sources has prompted academic librarians to increase their outreach to undergraduates of the “Net Generation” in an effort to more effectively promote their libraries' resources to these students. Such outreach programs involve identifying library resources that support the information-seeking behaviors of Net Generation undergraduates, as well as establishing collaborative relationships with the individuals and groups affiliated with these students. This article describes an outreach initiative conducted by the Reference Department at the Mississippi State University Libraries, in which the Department worked with staff in residence halls to target undergraduates living on campus.  相似文献   

9.
VET     
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(95-96):125-148
Abstract

Between October 2003 and July 2004, the Statewide Virtual Reference Project (a Washington State Library initiative funded by LSTA) developed the Virtual Evaluation Toolkit, or VET. The purpose of VET was to help libraries improve virtual reference services, with resulting increased awareness, usage, and customer satisfaction. VET includes three levels of evaluation tools with information on their implementation and examples of the use of results, along with a generic final report based on three test site evaluations (an academic, public, and special library). The complete manual is available on the Web in order to provide practical and meaningful tools and recommendations that encourage libraries to use them and also to report on their use.  相似文献   

10.
Regulation     
FTC Trade Regulation: Advertising Rulemaking, and New Consumer Protection (Practising Law Institute, 810 Seventh Ave., New York 10019—$20.00, paper; Course Handbook 303 of 1979)

The First Amendment Meets the Second Revolution by William H. Read (March 1979, Working Paper W-79-3, 27 pp.)

Executive Summary of Findings of the State Cable Television Regulation Project by Konrad K. Kalba, et al.(December 1978, Publication P-78-11, 20 pp.)

Regulatory Politics: State Legislatures and the Cable Television Industry by Konrad K. Kalba, et al. (August 1978, Publication P-78-2, 121 pp.)

The States Regulate Cable: A Legislative Analysis of Substantive Provisions by Philip R. Hochberg (July 1978, Publication P-78-4, 135 pp.)

Taxation, Regionalization and Pole Attachments: A Comparison of State Cable Television Policies (August 1978, Publication P-78-5, 126 pp.)

The Regulation of Cable Television Subscriber Rates by State Commissions by Larry S. Levine (July 1978, Publication P-78-6, 96 pp.)

The Economic Impact of State Cable TV Regulation by Yale M. Braunstein et. al. (October 1978, Publication P-78-7, 75 pp.)

Federal Preemption of State Regulation in Cable Television, by Philip R. Hochberg (November 1978, Publication P-78-8, 39 pp.)

States, Stakeholders and the Cable: The Evolution of Regulatory Policies by Konrad K. Kalba (December 1978, Publication P-78-9)

Chronology of Cable Television Regulation: 1947-1978 by Anne E. Birinyi (October 1978, Publication P-78-10, 20 pp.)  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

Library staff created an online tutorial and resource Web page for Docutek electronic reserve (electronic reserve software) users at Philadelphia University. Created as part of a larger training initiative revision conducted by the Instructional Technology Specialist, the online resource supports a faculty-driven model of electronic reserve usage. Additionally, the revised training initiative places an emphasis on using electronic reserve and BlackBoard as complementary tools better serving the educational needs of faculty and students. This article explores the decision-making process involved in the creation of the Web page and the training initiative.  相似文献   

12.
Delmor D. Dunn's Public Officials and the Press (Addison-Wesloy paporback, price unknown)

William O. Chittick's State Department, The Press, and Pressure Groups (Wiley-Interscience, $9.95)

Richard W. Lee, Politics and the Press (Acropolis Books (Washington D.C.), $3.95 in paperback, with a hardcover edition available, price unknown)

Curtis D. MacDougal's edited collection, Reporters Report Reporters (Iowa State, $6.50)

Ruth Adler, The Working Press (Bantam, $1.25)  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

This essay profiles The Big Lift, a multi-agency initiative to improve third-grade reading proficiency in San Mateo County, California. The Big Lift is an example of collective impact, in which organizations from different sectors unite around a common agenda to solve a social challenge. This kind of initiative goes beyond collaboration, requiring its own infrastructure, dedicated staff, ongoing communication and shared measurements of success. Library participation is critical to the success of community and literacy-focused collective impact projects like The Big Lift.  相似文献   

14.
Journalism     
George E. Stevens and John B. Webster's Law and the Student Press (Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1973---price not given, paper)

Jerome L. Nelson's Libel. A Basic Program for Beginning Journalists (Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1973---price not given, paper)

Art of the Printed Book: 1455-1955 (New York: Pierpont Morgan Library, 1973---$20.00/11.00)

Bruce Buschel, Albert Robbins, William Vitta, and Rod Nordland's The Watergate File (New York: Quick Fox Inc., 33 West 60th St., 1973---$3.95, paper)  相似文献   

15.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(65):103-110
Summary

The State Library of Delaware has brought DelAWARE: The Digital Library of the First State into being in regular, steady increments. Providing a digital library for a state library network, no matter how small, is always a project both blessed with support systems and fraught with unforeseen obstacles. You just never know what will happen next or who will show up to save the day.

By steadfastly working and collaborating with all partners (librarians, vendors, state agencies), De/AWARE: The Digital Library of the First State is being brought into existence, a product at a time. By addressing the needs and difficulties of its users, the digital library grows into something uniquely useful for the state and its citizens.  相似文献   

16.
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17.

Anxiety experienced while in a public speaking situation (speech anxiety) is discussed within the framework of Trait‐State Anxiety Theory. Speech anxiety may be considered a dispositional variable designed to measure individual differences in speech anxiety proneness (Speech A‐Trait) or a measure of anxiety experienced during a particular speech (Speech A‐State). Physiological and behavioral measures of speech anxiety are typically viewed as A‐State measures. Self‐report indices may be considered either state or trait anxiety measures depending on the context in which the measures were obtained. The development of a scale to measure both Speech A‐State and Speech A‐Trait, including initial normative, reliability, and validity data, is reported.  相似文献   

18.
Appendix 2     
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(64):149-155
Summary

Washington State University, located in Pullman at the southeastern edge of the state, has an enrollment of approximately 20,000 on its main campus and that of its three branches (Tri-Cities, Spokane, and Vancouver). This chronology of the history of the Washington State University Libraries offers readers a sense of our scale, something of our direction, and our interests.  相似文献   

19.
SUMMARY

Utah's constitution guarantees its citizens the right to participate in the legislative process through direct and indirect initiatives and referenda. This article provides researchers with a history of Utah's initiatives and referenda, an overview of the process, and a list of secondary and primary sources that can be consulted when researching in this area.  相似文献   

20.

This article proposes that the metaphors with which people imagine the Internet are more central to its political constitution than might at first be supposed. Instead of focusing on discourses of whether the Internet is a progressive force, a capitalist or anticapitalist space, digital commons or artifact of controlled interests, this article shows that metaphors of social relations themselves frame the politicization of the Internet. The way social actors are conceptualized in turn informs the senses in which a technology could be considered an object of political constitution, and the senses in which policy is a relevant mode of social engagement. An ethnographic account of uses of the Internet in St. Petersburg, Russia is presented with a view to framing Western metaphors of sociality.  相似文献   

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