共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
The biological activity of the mineralocorticoid antagonist, spironolactone depend upon its metabolism. In this study the
effect of diuretic drug compound spironolactone on the acid and alkaline phosphatase in the testes of albino rat. The drug
spironolactone was administered orally daily for 7th, 14th and 21st days at the dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. Among them, the side effects of drug are that the degradation of alkaline phosphatase
in the testes; while acid phosphatase increased significantly may be due to 7a-thiospironolactone is a tissue metabolite of
spironolactone and may contribute to the testicular enzymes, therapeutic actions and some other side effects. It is suggested
that the decrease and increase of alkaline and acid phosphatase in the testes of albino rat are the due to the side effects
of spironolactone drug compound. 相似文献
2.
Halim Eshrat M. Ali Hussain Kaiser Jamil Mala Rao 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):77-80
The hypoglycemic effect of the aqueous extract ofAbroma augusta (Family: Steculiceae) was studied in normal as well as alloxan diabetic rats. Treatement of diabetic rats with 4 ml (4gm
dry weight) of agueous extract ofA. augusta for 16 weeks resulted in gradual but significant fall in fasting blood glucose and improvement in glucose tolerance. Serum
total and LDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol which increased in diabetic rats showed improvement. These results show that
the water extract ofA. augusta has both hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic effects. 相似文献
3.
P. Pavana S. Sethupathy S. Manoharan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(1):77-83
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and antilipidperoxidative effects of ethanolic seed extract
ofTephrosia purpurea (TpEt) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hyperglycemia associated with an altered hexokinase and glucose 6 phosphatase
activities, elevated lipid peroxidation, disturbed enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants status were observed in streptozotocin
induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of “TpEt” at a dose of 300mg/kg bw showed significant antihyperglcemic and antilipidperoxidative
effects as well as increased the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and levels of non enzymatic antioxidants. We also noticed
that the antihyperglycemic effect of plant drug (TpEt) was comparable to that of the reference drug glibenclamide. Our results
clearly indicate that “TpEt” has potent antihyperglycemic and antilipidperoxidative effects in streptozotocin induced diabetic
rats and therefore further studies are warranted to isolate and characterize the bioactive antidiabetic principles from “TpEt”. 相似文献
4.
The antiulcerogenic effects of the methanolic extract ofSolanum nigrum berries (SBE) on aspirin induced ulceration in rats with respect to antioxidant status in the gastric mucosa have been investigated.
Oxygen free radicals are considered to be important factors in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer. The level of lipid peroxides,
which were elevated highly in rats with acute gastric mucosal injury was taken as an index of oxidative stress. The activities
of antioxidant defense enzymes were also decreased considerably by oral gastric administration of aspirin. The decreased levels
of antioxidant enzymes and increased mucosal injury were altered to near normal status upon pretreatment with (SBE) when compared
to the ulcer induced rats. The results indicate that (SBE) may exert its gastroprotective effect by a free radical scavenging
action. Our observations suggest that (SBE) may have considerable therapeutic potential in the treatment of gastric diseases. 相似文献
5.
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) develops as a consequence of priming and sensitizing mechanisms rendered by cross-interactions
of primary mechanistic factors and secondary risk factors. Liver damage due to consumption of alcohol may be caused by oxygen
radicals such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, generated during the metabolism of ethanol by the microsomal oxidizing
system. Lecithin, an important class of phospholipids contains choline, which is considered as lipotropic factor. The effects
of this lecithin as a hepatoprotective drug on body weight and antioxidant status of ethanol-exposed rats were studied. The
results were compared with the effects of tocopheryl acetate. From the present study, it can be concluded that ethanol-induced
stress can be partly prevented by tocopheryl acetate, and showed best result. Abstination from alcohol also involved for little
hepatic regeneration. Supplementation of lecithin showed better effect compared to abstination from alcohol on reversing the
effect of ethanol induced liver damage in the present study. Moreover, preventive measures were found to be better than curative
treatment. Antioxidants are likely to provide beneficial effects on hepatocyes via desensitization against oxidant stress
while inhibiting primary mechanism for expression of proinflammatory and cytotoxic mediators. However, abstinence from alcohol,
proper nutrition, and supplementation of antioxidants, vitamins and hepatoprotective drugs are some of the therapeutic options. 相似文献
6.
7.
K. A. Faseehuddin Shakir Basavaraj Madhusudhan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(1):117-121
Rats fed with hypercholesterolemic diet showed a significant increase in serum total—cholesterol, liver homogenate total-cholesterol,
HDL-cholesterol and changed LDL-cholesterol, and HDL/LDL ratio in comparison to control. Flaxseedchutney (FC) supplemented diet (15%, w/w) was found to be more effective in restoring lipid profile changes in rats fed with cholesterol,
(1.0%). The activities of serum marker enzymes glutamate oxaloacetate transminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT)
and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were elevated significantly in carbon tetrachloride induced rats. Administration of flaxseedchutney (15%, w/w) resulted in depletion of serum marker enzymes and exhibited recoupment thus showing significant hepatoprotective
effect. It was observed that flaxseedchutney supplemented diet could lower the serum cholesterol and as a potential source of antioxidants it could exert protection against
hepatotoxic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. 相似文献
8.
An experimental model of hypercholesterolemic rabbits suitable for studying the hypocholesterolemic effect of compounds was
developed. Rabbits were made hypercholesterolemic by oral administration of cholesterol (100mg/kg body weight/day) suspended
in groud nut oil by gastric intubation (Ryle's tube). Cholesterol can be given to rabbits from 10 days to 6 months depending
on the degree of hypercholesterolemia required and duration of study of hypocholesterolemic effect. In one month cholesterol
feeding experiment, the serum cholesterol level in normal controls (not given cholesterol) was 67±11.3 mg/dl and in cholesterol
fed animals 191.3±70.6 mg/dl. In 2 months experiment, besides hypercholesterolemia, abnormal serum lipid profile and increase
in lipid content in liver, heart and aorta were also seen. To such animals when water and methanol extracts of garlic were
given along with cholesterol, there was significant decrease in serum cholesterol level. The advantage of this method over
the method in which cholesterol is mixed with diet to induce hypercholesterolemia is that exactly same and calculated amount
of cholesterol can be given for each animal. This minimises the variations in serum cholesterol levels in different animals. 相似文献
9.
The hyperlipidemia, fatty liver and the high levels of liver and kidney thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) observed
in rats which were fed ethanol for 45 days, could be significantly reduced by feeding diacetodibutyl disulphide (DADBDS).
Ethanol-induced hypoproteinemia and the rise in serum enzymes like AST (EC 2.6.1.10), ALT (EC 2.6.1.2) and ALP (EC 3.1.3.1)
could also be ameliorated by DADBDS. Feeding of this compound to normal rats did not produce any change in serum or tissue
lipid levels or serum enzymes or tissue TBARS except a moderate reduction in serum triacyl glycerols. DADBDS feeding to rats
maintained on a high lipid diet could also reduce the serum and tissue lipid levels and also reduce the serum transaminases.
DADBDS which is an aliphatic disulphide could produce hypolipidemic effects in rats fed a single large dose of ethanol, whereas
dimenthol disulphide which is an aromatic disulphide was not useful as a hypolipidemic agent. Perhaps hypolipidemic effects
are shown only by aliphatic disulphides and not by aromatic disulphides. Feeding of 100 mg DADBDS per kg body weight to normal
fasted rats produced a mild hypoglycemia, but higher doses produced a hyperglycemic effect. This dose of DADBDS increased
the serum insulin levels and reduced blood glucose levels in fasted diabetic rats, but DADBDS feeding did not alter the serum
insulin levels in fasted normal rats. DADBDS is odourless and tasteless in 1% solution and it could be a better substitute
for garlic for hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic studies. 相似文献
10.
Ramesh Chandra Manisha Tiwari Ritu Aneja Sujata K. Dass Archana Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2000,15(2):148-154
We investigated the effect of cholesterol and the metalloporphyrins cobalt mesoporphyrin (CoMP) and chromium protoporphyrin
(CrPP) on phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and the consequent hepatic mitochondrial stability as well as on lipid concentrations. Our studies revealed that
on administration of cholesterol, CrPP, CoMP as well as simultaneous adminstration of cholesterol and CrPP, there was an inhibition
of PLA2 activity. These moieties may therefore, be agents for preventing destabilisation of the mitochondrial membrane and the consequent
pathological conditions which may arise due to membrane lysis. Our results revealed that cholesterol administration increased
phospholipid concentration, albeit by modest amounts. Although the independent administration of metalloporphyrins led only
to minor elevations in phospholipid concentration, the simultaneous administration of cholesterol and CrPP generated a steep
elevation in the concentration of total phospholipid. Since cholesterol inhibits PLA2 activity it has the potential of being therapeutic agent for preventing the pathological conditions which may arise due to
membrane lysis. 相似文献
11.
P. Bubber A. Sharma A. Chauhan D. D. Bansal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(2):193-196
Growth retardation is one of the significant changes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Disturbances in growth hormone (GH) are held responsible for several complications in CKD. GH is a protein based peptide hormone which directly or indirectly regulates renal functions to ensure homeostasis. We investigated the effects of growth hormone on plasminogen activators (PA) in rat kidney, PA and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), glucose and fibrinogen in plasma and serum lipid profile. Rats were injected daily with 250 mU GH kg-1 body weight subcutaneously for one week. Growth hormone treatment increased PA activity significantly in rat kidneys as compared to controls. No changes were seen in PA, PAI and fibrinogen levels in the plasma of two groups of rats. There was significant decrease in plasma glucose, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels in serum of treated group resulting in the decrease of HDL/LDL and total cholesterol/cholesterol ratios. However, triglycerides and VLDL showed significant higher activity in the serum of treated group as compared to controls. Our data suggests that GH administration might improve renal function by increasing PA activity in kidney as well as by reducing the cholesterol content in blood. GH may be effective in improving growth failure as it helps to maintain the normal homeostatic balance. 相似文献
12.
M. H. Meshkibaf A. Ebrahimi R. Ghodsi A. Ahmadi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):161-164
A number of newly developed antiepileptic drugs are currently in use, among them Lamotrigine (LTG) is more common. Despite
the extensive use of this drug, it has not been possible to predict the side effects especially the hepatotoxic reactions
after long-term treatment. The present study was designed to find out alterations in the activities of liver enzymes after
chronic exposure of rats to different dose of LTG. Adults male (Wistar) rats were treated orally with LTG [5 mg/kg body weight
or 25 mg/kg body wt.] for 60 days. After the experimental period, auto analyzer carried out liver function tests. The liver
histopathology was obtained after scarifying the rats. There was a significant increase in the level of ALP, AST, ALT and
bilirubin at therapeutic dose of LTG. The increase level of these enzymes and bilirubin at toxic dose were much higher and
significant. However, the total protein and albumin significantly decreased at toxic dose of LTG. Elevation of liver enzymes
and bilirubin after chronic exposure of rats to high dose of LTG reflects hepatocellular damage that may lead to hepatitis.
It is concluded that regular liver function and drug monitoring should follow the treatment with LTG. 相似文献
13.
Itemobong S. Ekaidem Monday I. Akpanabiatu Friday E. Uboh Offiong U. Eka 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(2):36-40
Folic acid and vitamin B12 are very important vitamins needed for normal cellular metabolic activities. The effects of folic acid and vitamin B12 on liver integrity of growing Wistar albino rats following therapeutic dose of phenytoin administration were investigated.
The activities of serum AST, ALT, ALP were investigated. Serum total protein level and lipid profile were also measured as
indices of biochemical changes. The ingestion of phenytoin alone in rats significantly reduced serum protein while AST, ALT
activities incresed as compared to the control (P<0.05). Supplementation of phenytoin with oral administration of 70microgram/kg
body wt of folic acid resulted in a significant reversal in serum total protein and suppression in serum AST and ALT activities.
Vitamin B12 supplementation did not afford any significant protection against the effect of phenytoin ingestion but rather phenytoin
toxicity was exacerbated in this study. However, the combined effects of vitamin B12 and folic acid ameliorated the effects of phenytoin on serum enzymes of experimental rats. The effect of combination of phenytoin
with folic acid or folic acid and vitamin B12 is an interesting finding. Supplementation of phenytoin with folic acid or combination of these vitamins may be recommended
for the purpose of ameliorating the adverse biochemical changes which are associated with phenytoin therapy. Further work
is ongoing to help elucidate the effects of phenytoin and these vitamins on oxidative stress inducing mechanism. 相似文献
14.
Parvinder Kaur Sheenu Mathur Meenakshi Sharma Manisha Tiwari K. K. Srivastava Ramesh Chandra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(2):195-198
In Ayurvedic medicine,Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is well known for its anti-stress activity. A passive rat experimental model, where the animals are subjected
to multiple stress of cold, hypoxia, restraint (C-H-R) has been developed to evaluate adaptogenic properties of various fractions
of W. somnifera root extracts. We have carried out extraction of roots of W. somnifera with water and further isolated one
of the active constituents called compound X and also tested its anti-stress activity in C-H-R model. The effect of administration
of W. somnifera water suspension (360 mg/Kg bw) and compound X (20mg/Kg bw) on the fall and recovery of colonic temperature
was noted. There was an increase of ≈38% and ≈54% in the time taken to attain Trec 23°C by rats given a single dose of fresh aqueous suspension and biologically active constituent (Compound X) respectively,
where as decrease in the recovery time to attain Trec 37°C is ≈13% and ≈33% respectively, as compared to control group. It is clear that rats treated with the fresh aqueous suspension
and compound X ofWithania somnifera, could withstand the multiple stress of C-H-R better than control group. 相似文献
15.
Seyed Ebrahim Alavi Maedeh Koohi Moftakhari Esfahani Soheil Ghassemi Azim Akbarzadeh Gholamhossein Hassanshahi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2014,29(1):84-88
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent cancer types within women population. Hydroxyurea (HU) is a chemotherapy compound for treatment of patients with cancer diagnosis, including breast cancer associated with several adverse effects. In this study, we applied nanotechnology to decreased drug side effects along with improvement of therapeutic index. Liposomation is widely used in modern pharmacological developments in order to enhance the effects of the drugs. To achieve this, in this study a mixture of phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol was made up and HU was added to the resultant mixture, was then pegylated using Polyethylene Glycol 2000 to increase resistance, applicability and solubility. The mean diameters of nanoliposomal and pegylated nanoliposomal HU were measured by Zeta sizer device and obtained about 402.5 and 338.2 nm. The efficiency of non-pegylated and pegylated liposomal HU was 70.8 and 64.2, respectively. Releasing HU in both formulations was estimated about 25.8 and 21.7 %. Also, this study investigated the cytotoxicity effect of nanoliposomal and pegylated nanoliposomal HU using MTT assay. Results of this investigation showed that the cytotoxic properties of pegylated HU was 3.6 % more than those non-pegylated form, while was 38.93 % more than ordinary from of HU. This study showed that the stability, releasing pattern and cytotoxicity of the pegylated nanoliposomal HU is better than that of nanoliposomal HU. 相似文献
16.
Little is known about host-parasite inter-relationship in the lymphatic filarial parasites. There is no information available
about the ability of these parasites to acquire cholesterol, though it is known that in general, nematodes lack the ability
to synthesise cholesterolde novo. In this study, we have shown that the filarial parasites also lack the ability to incorporate labelled acetate into cholesterol,
indicating the absence of the machinery for cholesterol biosynthesis. We have further shown that they elaborate a 43 kDa surface
receptor for acquiring LDL-bound cholesterol. We have shown by polymerase chain reaction the presence of a 860 bp fragment
indicating the presence of the gene for LDL-related protein (LRP) in the human filarial parasiteWuchereria bancrofti in the genomic DNA. We have also shown that it is expressed as seen in the cDNA clones identified from an expression library. 相似文献
17.
P. J. Benny G. Muraleedhara Kurup K. Sreejith 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1997,12(2):108-113
The anticancerous drug isolated in our laboratory from estuarineAeromonas was characterised and is found to be an enzyme, L-asparaginase. The antileukaemic effect of this drug was studied in mice
by inducing leukaemia with Ehrlich ascites cell lines. It was compared with commercially available drug, Leunase, isolated
fromE. coli. The lipid profiles in mice during leukaemia and under treatment was studied. The decreased levels of cholesterol and increased
levels of triglycerides and phospholipids in serum, liver and kidney were observed in tumour bearing mice. Significant changes
in the above values were observed with enzyme therapy. It could bring some of the values to near normal level. L-asparaginase
fromAeromonas was found to be more effective. 相似文献
18.
Maedeh Koohi Moftakhari Esfahani Seyed Ebrahim Alavi Fatemeh Movahedi Fatemeh Alavi Azim Akbarzadeh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(4):358-360
Regarding that the breast cancer is the most prevalent disease among women, paclitaxel, an anti-cancer drug, could be used in treatment of this disease. As paclitaxel has adverse effects, it was used of nanoliposome drug delivery technology in order to reduce adverse effects and improve drug efficacy. Certain ratios of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and paclitaxel were synthesized to prepare nanoliposomal paclitaxel. Using Zeta sizer device, the mean diameter of nanoliposomal paclitaxel was obtained 421.4 nm and its encapsulation efficiency was 91.3 %. By dialysis, drug release in nanoliposome paclitaxel formulation within 28 h was studied which was 5.53 %. This study showed that cytotoxicity effect of nanoliposomal paclitaxel is more than that of the standard form. 相似文献
19.
Neda Dadgar Seyed Ebrahim Alavi Maedeh Koohi Moftakhari Esfahani Azim Akbarzadeh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(4):410-412
Nano carriers have greatly revolutionized the treatment of most diseases recently. One of these nano carriers, liposomes, has got particular significance. On the other hand, Artemisinin which is used as an effective anticancer drug has some side effects. To reduce such side effects, liposomes can be employed. In order to prepare pegylated nanoliposomal artemisinin, particular proportions of phosphatidylcholine, polyethylene glycol 2000 and artemisinin were combined. As a result, the mean diameter of nano liposomes is 455 nm. Besides, the encapsulation efficiency and the drug release from pegylated nanoliposomes for pegylated nanoliposomal artemisinin are respectively 91.62 ± 3.5 and 5.17 %. The results also show that IC50 of the produced formulation is less than that of the standard drug. This study reveals that the amount of artemisinin cytotoxicity compared to standard drug is increased by pegylated nanoliposomal formulation. 相似文献
20.
The indigenous Khasis inhabit different geographical and climatic locations of Meghalaya. In this study, we intended to find
out whether habitation in moderately high altitude place has any effect on the lipid and liver profile amongst the aged Khasis.
The level of various serum parameters under lipid and liver profile were analyzed and compared from aged (65–70 years) male
Khasi residents of moderately high (Shillong city) and low (Byrnihat) altitude places. Results obtained from the lipid profile
data show decreased total serum cholesterol (29%), triglyceride (27%) and LDL-cholesterol (42%) level in the old Khasis of
Shillong compared to Byrnihat. Furthermore, the alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly raised (47%) in the old Khasis
from Shillong as against Byrnihat. The decreased level of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol in old Khasis
from Shillong may be due to living and acclimatization in high altitude with low annual temperature. Moderately high elevation
could have acted as a stressor, thereby reducing the level of serum cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol, which may
put them at a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases. In comparison, old residents of Byrnihat with high cholesterol, triglyceride
and LDL-cholesterol levels may elevate their risk of coronary complications. The raised alkaline phosphatase activity amongst
the old Khasis of Shillong could be due to increased bone and/or intestinal turnover as a result of living in high altitude,
which, however, may elevate the risk of osteoporosis. Taken together, we conclude that low cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol
levels, accompanied with high alkaline phosphatase activity amongst the old Khasis of Shillong, could be due to the influence
of high altitude and mild climatic conditions that prevails. 相似文献