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1.
学校是儿童社会化的一个重要场所，而师生关系是学校环境中影响学生发展的一个重要背景。二十世纪末一些研究发现，师生关系作为儿童生活中的一种重要人际关系，不仅影响小学生的学习、情绪、自我概念等方面的发展，而且对小学生的亲子关系、同伴关系都有重要影响。本研究将探讨小学阶段独生子女在发达地区与欠发达地区、城市与农村、毕业班与非毕 相似文献
2.
《教育与教学研究》2020,(10):71-84
学生生活质量是衡量学校发展的重要指标,也是教育质量的重要构成要素。对乌鲁木齐市2 409名学生生活质量研究发现:(1)学生生活质量处于中等水平。不同学段在生活质量上不存在显著差异。女生在师生关系、同伴关系、亲子关系、作业态度维度上显著高于男生;在负性情绪、运动能力两个维度上显著低于男生。独生子女在亲子关系、学习能力与态度、自我概念、生活便利性、运动能力维度上显著高于非独生子女。单亲家庭的学生在同伴关系、亲子关系、学习能力与态度、自我概念、生活便利性、运动能力、自我满意度维度上显著低于非单亲家庭的学生。(2)学段、家庭成员关系、学业成绩、性别、家庭社会经济地位(SES)与生活质量有密切关系。为此,应根据学生的不同特点,从学校、家庭等方面为相关部门制定改善学生生活质量的策略,以促进学生身心全面发展。 相似文献
3.
根据以抽样调查为基础的定量分析与定性分析,重庆市虽然已经基本普及九年义务教育,其辍学率在西部地区较低,但义务教育阶段学生辍学特别是初中阶段学生辍学仍旧是一个不容忽视的问题。造成学生辍学的主要原因是学生家庭经济困难、学生本人学习困难,部分学生家长对子女到学校学习不重视是导致部分小学学生辍学的突出原因之一,学生本人想尽早到社会上去挣钱是导致部分初中学生辍学的突出原因之一。建议国家尽早推行完全免费的义务教育,在此之前,各级政府应逐步加大对义务教育的经费投入和对贫困生的支持力度以解决学生因家庭经济困难而辍学的问题;地方政府和学校应进一步做好学生和学生家长的思想认识工作以解决他们的思想认识问题;各级政府应进一步督导学校做好内部的各项工作以努力解决学生的学习困难、增强学校对学生的吸引力;各级政府应进一步引导全社会关心教育、关心辍学儿童的学习。 相似文献
4.
小学生社会退缩行为产生的原因及对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
社会退缩行为是儿童身上常见的一种孤僻行为,小学生的社会退缩行为影响到个体的社会化进程和身心健康,并且可能影响到儿童将来的幸福。这种行为的产生,一方面因为儿童本身具有抑郁型气质;另一方面客观存在不良家庭关系和亲子关系、不良教学方式和师生关系,以及存在同伴拒绝、同伴欺侮等不良行为。解决策略主要有改善亲子关系、师生关系和训练并提高社交技能。 相似文献
5.
使用中学生社会关系网络问卷对548名初中生的调查发现,亲子关系（包括母子关系、父子关系）质量不同的被试,其同伴关系、师生关系各维度（肯定与支持、亲密感、满意度、冲突与惩罚）平均分差异显著,表明被试亲子关系与其同伴关系、师生关系在质量方面具有内在一致性;相关系数的差异显著性检验显示,被试亲子关系各维度（肯定与支持、亲密感、满意度、冲突与惩罚）与师生关系相应维度的相关系数显著高于其与同伴关系相应维度的相关系数,表明亲子关系与师生关系联系的紧密程度显著高于其与同伴关系联系的紧密程度． 相似文献
6.
目前,乌鲁木齐地区中等职业学校心理健康教育尚处于起步阶段,一方面中职生面临各种心理困惑需要解决,另一方面学校心理健康教育滞后,跟不上要求.调查显示,乌市中职学校学生心理问题主要表现为人际关系敏感、偏执、敌对情绪高于一般水平.其原因主要在于学生面临的亲子关系、同伴关系、师生关系等中存在诸多不利于其成长的因素,以及学生不恰当的归因等. 相似文献
7.
一、学业不良儿童社会性发展障碍的表现这里,依据俞国良等学者的研究思路,主要从学业不良儿童的社会交往、自我概念和社会行为等方面来说明其社会性发展障碍的表现。1.学业不良儿童的社会交往社会交往是儿童社会性发展的基础。儿童最主要的社会交往关系是亲子关系、同伴关系和师生关系。在亲子关系方面,表现在学业不良儿童的家庭内部矛盾较多但又缺乏协商解决问题的氛围,家庭成员之间难以进行有效沟通和交流,因而家庭成员关系失调、家庭气氛不和谐,亲子关系敌对、紧张。尤其是当儿童的学习成绩同家长愿望差距较大时遭受的痛斥和责骂会进一步… 相似文献
8.
刘红 《贵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2004,(3):75-79
用自编的中学生心理健康状况问卷对贵州省 818名中学生进行调查 ,结果表明 ,影响中学生心理健康较明显的因素有 :家庭结构、家长期望、亲子关系等家庭因素 ,师生关系等学校因素 ,学习问题和与异性交往状况等自身因素。根据研究结果 ,提出了相应的教育对策 :(1)发挥家庭的心理健康教育功能 ;(2 )开展心理健康教育 ,帮助学生建立良好的师生关系和同伴关系 ;(3)营造有助于心理健康发展的社会环境 相似文献
9.
以澳门理工学院282名曾经辍学的职业培训生为研究对象,以同年龄非辍学学生为对照组,采用问卷法,考查澳门曾辍学职培生的学校生活型态。结果发现：曾辍学生课业适应较差,同伴关系较差,学习动机和热情较低;在不同性别间,女辍学生较男生课业适应好,学习热情较高;在辍学原因上,与其他类型的辍学生相比,个人原因和多原因的辍学生在课业适应和热情方面较差;除同伴关系外,有复学意愿者在学校生活的各方面都比无复学意愿者表现好。 相似文献
10.
人际关系对中学生的心理发展起重要作用。不良的亲子关系容易使中学生自小形成不良的性格，从而影响他们心理健康和人际关系。亲子关系对中学生的心理既有积极作用；又有消极作用；友伴关系影响中学生的社会化和心理健康。在同伴中受欢迎的学生多表现出亲社会行为，而在同伴中人际关系差的学生可能表现出退缩、攻击性行为和消极情绪；民主的师生关系有利于学生个性的发展，而专制的或异常的师生关系对学生的心理有消极影响。 相似文献
11.
初中生学校适应及其与一般生活满意度的关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
运用《学生在校生活状况问卷-在校行为子量表》和《多维学生生活满意度量表》对431名初中生的学校适应和一般生活满意度进行测量。结果表明:(1)女生在课业、常规和同学关系三方面的适应状况均好于男生;(2)初一学生的课业、常规、师生关系、同学关系四方面的适应状况在初一至初三的三个年级中均最差;(3)学习成绩为下等学生的课业适应最差,初中生的师生关系适应随学习成绩的提高而提高;(4)学习成绩为上等学生的自我接纳程度最高;(5)在三种人缘状况的学生中,人缘差的学生的课业适应和常规适应最差,人缘很好学生的师生关系和同学关系适应最好;(6)初中生的五种学校适应均与其一般生活满意度存在显著正相关,五个学校适应维度对一般生活满意度的预测率为41％。 相似文献
12.
中学生学校生活质量特点研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
文章运用问卷法对431名中学生的学校生活质量进行测量,考察中学生学校生活质量的特点并比较了不同亚群中学生学校生活质量的差异。结果发现:(1)中学生在七个学校生活质量维度的均值排列顺序由高到低依次为:师生关系、机会、社群关系、整体满足感、经历、成就感、负面情感;(2)学习成绩为下等的学生负面情感显著多于学习成绩为上等的学生;人缘越好的中学生负面情感越少;中学生在除负面情感以外的各学校生活质量维度上呈现出人缘越好生活质量越高的特点;(3)不论在何种家庭类型的学生亚群体中,均呈现出负面情感随家庭关系融洽程度的提高而减少,其他维度的生活质量随家庭关系融洽度的提高而提高的总体趋势。在家庭关系为不融洽、一般和融洽的学生亚群体中,核心家庭的学生都倾向于对其学校生活质量做出较高的评价。在家庭关系很融洽的学生亚群体中,几代同堂家庭的学生倾向于对其学校生活质量做出较高的评价。 相似文献
13.
Jason J. Barr 《Educational studies》2011,37(3):365-369
This research examined the relationship between teachers’ empathy and perceptions of their school’s culture. Teachers’ ability to change their school’s culture might be limited by their inability to interpret and respond appropriately to student behaviour. As teachers’ empathic abilities increase, it seems likely that they would be better able to understand and respond appropriately to their students. Teachers’ perspective‐taking was positively associated with their positive perceptions of student–peer relations, school norms and educational opportunities. Teachers’ personal distress was negatively related to student–peer relations. Empathy was unrelated to student–teacher relations. It is postulated that it takes more than just empathy to be able to negotiate the complex relationship between student and teacher. With teacher training programmes currently focusing on teacher dispositions, such programmes need to focus more on training future teachers to recognise and exercise their cognitive and emotional empathic capacities. 相似文献
14.
Teacher education all over Europe is increasingly becoming school‐based oriented. This implies new roles for those who support student teachers learning in school. This article describes the way four school‐based teacher educators fulfill their role as educators of student teachers who learn how to teach while participating in the workplace. Based on theoretical notions derived from the literature on teacher education and workplace learning, the Cognitive Apprenticeship Model was specified and used in a case study as a framework to describe the activity of these school‐based teacher educators. They use tools (e.g., apprenticeship assignments) developed within the teacher education institute and rely on their professional knowledge as experienced schoolteachers. This results in student teachers being provided with useful tricks which, however, hardly helps them to interpret and elaborate their experiences from a more conceptual or theoretical perspective. Also the possibilities of the social context of the school as a learning environment are not systematically used. 相似文献
15.
Marsha Sowell 《Clearing house (Menasha, Wis.)》2017,90(4):129-134
In order to improve student achievement, school systems must provide new teachers with support to become effective teachers more quickly. Educators frequently use mentoring to support new teachers and reach the goals of improved classroom performance as well as teacher retention. The intention in this study was to provide insights into the mentoring of beginning teachers working in the middle grades. In this exploratory case study, three elements of a mentoring model deemed necessary for the implementation of effective mentoring for middle school teachers are presented. First, the mentor must forge a trusting relationship with the new teacher. Second, the mentor must support and guide the new teacher in creating a classroom environment that is supportive of learning. Third, the mentor must be able to support and guide the new teacher in instructional strategies appropriate to the content and context of the classroom. Furthermore, this research highlighted a need for mentors to receive ongoing training in classroom management, instructional practices, and relationship building in order to remain effective mentors. Without effective trained mentors programs will fail to meet their goals of improving instruction and retaining teachers past their induction year. 相似文献
16.
L. J. Westwood 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(2):122-134
This study constitutes an assessment of the relation between the number of students leaving school (dropouts) and the magnitude of teacher life changes in conjunction with selected teacher performance variables in terms of pair‐wise and multiple correlation procedures. Findings support the thesis that the selected teacher performance variables taken in conjunction with teacher life changes and the number of student dropouts are significantly associated. 相似文献
17.
T. E. Virtanen M.-K. Lerkkanen A.-M. Poikkeus M. Kuorelahti 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2018,62(4):519-537
Self-ratings of behavioural engagement, cognitive engagement and school burnout were used in person-centred analyses to identify latent profiles among 2,485 Finnish lower-secondary school students. Three profiles were identified: high-engagement/low-burnout (40.6% of the sample), average-engagement/average-burnout (53.9%), and low-engagement/high-burnout (5.5%). Another sample of lower-secondary school students was used to validate the 3 profiles. The factors most strongly associated with the high-engagement/low-burnout profile of lower-secondary school students’ were high levels of support from teachers and family, good academic performance, and lack of truancy. The study indicated that teacher and family support and students’ academic achievement are pivotal in understanding student engagement and school burnout. 相似文献
18.
少数民族贫困地区大龄女童辍学问题追踪研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近几年,少数民族贫困地区女童教育研究转向了对大龄女童(10～12岁)辍学问题及辍学的多因素综合治理方面.少数民族大龄女童辍学率高,主要原因是她们已经成为家里的劳动力或后备劳动力,通过她们的劳动或外出打工来支撑贫困的家庭及继续弟妹的学业.农村实行"两免一补"政策后,这一问题有了一定的缓解,但不能从根本上解决.为此,建议通过设立民族教育发展专项基金或发展特区的政策,从根本上解决民族教育的这一难点问题. 相似文献
19.
The complexity of practicum in initial teacher education, in terms of the range of diverse social relations and differing school contexts, provides a challenge for teacher educators worldwide, aiming to guide and shape opportunities for student teachers learning to teach. This challenge is further compounded by societal problems linked to child poverty. Drawing from social capital theory, this paper explores the kinds of social relations that are currently associated with student teachers’ practicum experience in schools located in areas of social and economic deprivation or with significant proportions of pupils living in poverty. The paper brings to the surface types of social relations that are beneficial to mitigating the effects of poverty on educational outcomes. The case is made that practicum does not currently support the principles of social capital theory by enabling student teachers to develop an understanding of how to make connections, and develop the social relationships required to support positive educational outcomes for the children and young people in such contexts. Findings indicate that more effective ‘joint practice’ is required to better support student teachers’ professional learning. 相似文献
20.
联合国儿基会"爱生学校"发展规划项目在我国西部地区的实施中,以学生发展为重心,确保儿童享有平等的受教育权和全面参与学校、家庭、文化、社会生活的权利,从校长治校、教师专业发展、弱势群体转变、育人环境改善、课堂教学变革、学校管理嬗变、家校合作推进等方面探索农村学校变革的路径。在改革实践的基础上提出在未来的发展规划实施中进一步做好提高校长学校领导能力,加深大学与中小学的伙伴合作,注重学校变革的可持续发展,加强师生心理健康教育,增强家长对子女教育能力,加快学校软硬件建设等项工作。 相似文献