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1.
This study describes the long‐term effects of a staff development programme based on selected findings from teaching effectiveness research in schools with multigrade or mixed‐age classes. The short‐term effects of this programme were examined in two studies directed at schools with multigrade classes. The first improvement study was conducted in the school year 1986/87; the second improvement study was conducted in 1989/90. In the latter study, the effects of coaching in addition to participation in the staff development programme were also evaluated. In the school year 1992/93, a retention or follow‐up study was conducted. A quasi‐experimental, treatment‐control group design was used to test the long‐term effects of the programme ‘Dealing with multigrade classes’ and the effects of coaching. Based on pre‐ and post‐training classroom observations, the follow‐up study revealed a significant treatment effect for the time‐on‐task levels of the pupils in the multigrade classes and for the instructional and classroom management skills of the teachers. No significant differences were found between the coached and uncoached teachers and between the teachers who followed the programme either 2 or 5 years ago. No significant differences were found between the post‐test and the retention test. This suggests that the training results were quite stable. No indication of further growth in the executive control of the selected instructional and classroom management skills was found. No significant differences in achievement were found between the pupils in classes with trained teachers and the pupils in classes with untrained teachers. 相似文献
2.
In this article we present findings from the evaluation study of a nation-wide school renovation programme in Portugal. The aim is to analyse policy implementation, taking into account school community participation, discussing how the programme requirement to involve users in the renovation was met, examining perceptions of the programme’s pedagogical principles and the impact on teaching and learning models. The analysis shows that the upgrading of schools increased pride in and responsibility for the school. But teaching practices in schools remain set in a traditional mould. Tensions remain between the objectives defined at the political level and effective conditions for learning. 相似文献
3.
Multigrade teaching in Peru, Sri Lanka and Vietnam: an overview 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Hargreaves C. Montero N. Chau M. Sibli T. Thanh 《International Journal of Educational Development》2001,21(6)
This paper comprises reviews of multigrade teaching in three countries: Peru, Sri Lanka and Vietnam. For each country, we describe the context for multigrade teaching, the country's education system, the place of multigrade teaching within the system, problems associated with multigrade teaching and current strategies for multigrade teaching. We conclude by noting some common experiences for multigrade schools across the countries, including those of isolation and dispersion, lack of physical facilities, poor teacher backgrounds and conditions, limited classroom teaching and learning strategies and pupils' deprived backgrounds. Also common across the three countries is a national commitment to improving the situation for multigrade classrooms. 相似文献
4.
5.
Marko Valenta 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2009,32(1):21-33
In this article, I argue that immigrant bilingual teachers and mother‐tongue teachers are not formally recognised as ‘genuine’ teachers in the Norwegian school system. Norwegian education authorities have invested considerable effort in order to strengthen the competences of bilingual teachers and to both recognise and formalise their home country education. Amongst other things, several university colleges were encouraged to provide specially designed higher education programmes for bilingual teachers in order to integrate teachers with bilingual competences into the Norwegian primary school teaching system. This paper is based on data collected in 2007–2008 during the national evaluation of this education, which is the first of its kind in Norway. Although popular amongst immigrant students, it seems that the competences to be gained by graduates of the BA degree programme are not recognised or utilised in the schools where they work. Due to low social status and an unfavourable structural position within the Norwegian school education sector, these teachers will try to distance themselves from their bilingual roles and identities. Within such a framework, the higher education that is intended to strengthen optimum bilingual tuition in the primary schools sector is, in fact, steering bilingual teachers and mother‐tongue teachers away from these more specialised and less valued professions, seeking instead, access into the more mainstream and higher status teaching jobs. 相似文献
6.
双语教学是高校质量工程的重要组成。近几年高校教学探索中存在三个主要问题：学生第二语言的现有水平不足以进行有效的双语学习,影响学生对学科知识的掌握;学生在双语课程学习中的无助心理导致其自我效能感的缺失;学校管理层不重视双语师资的培训,双语课程的开设缺乏连贯性与合理规划。针对以上问题,高校双语课程应该实行学生选课制、开设双语课程群以及对双语学生进行科学的学业评价。 相似文献
7.
Fang Gao Mark S.K. Shum 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(4):445-456
Background:?Recent government initiatives in Hong Kong have focused on raising the participation of students from South Asian backgrounds in mainstream schools, to encourage their further integration into Hong Kong's educational system and society. These students' learning in mainstream schools takes place within the context of the central curriculum and, thus, students face the challenge of learning Chinese as an additional language. Mainstream schools sometimes provide additional support, including the provision of bilingual teaching assistants to address the specific needs of the students from South Asian backgrounds. Purpose:?This exploratory study aims to investigate the roles of bilingual teaching assistants in Hong Kong. Method:?Interviews were held with two bilingual teaching assistants from the South Asian community in Hong Kong who were working in a mainstream secondary school. Teachers from the school were also interviewed. Open-ended interview questions focused on perceptions of the roles and responsibilities of bilingual teaching assistants in Chinese-language-medium classes. The data were analysed to identify any emergent patterns and themes. Findings:?The research findings indicate that the bilingual teaching assistants from the South Asian community not only took on the role of helping the learners from South Asian backgrounds in Chinese language acquisition, but also acted as cultural mediators between mainstream school culture and the culture of the South Asian community in Hong Kong. Conclusions:?This small-scale exploratory research study suggests the importance of the role of bilingual teaching assistants in promoting equal access to quality education for ethnic minorities in Hong Kong. 相似文献
8.
Anthony Gioko 《Education and Information Technologies》2013,18(2):151-164
The Kenyan Government’s ‘Vision 2030’ demands technology integration in teaching and learning. The Kenyan educational context, including resources, the characteristics of the student population and the examination system creates a challenge to the current model of teacher professional development. A new leadership and management course for school leaders has been shown to have the potential to increase school leaders’ awareness of the benefits of technology. Trained school leaders are expected to provide “Professional learning” for the teachers that they are responsible for. A pilot training programme was completed by a first cohort drawn from 80 % of the schools in one district. Leaders from 15 schools were included and were taken through the modelled “Professional learning session” (PLS). Their response to the structure and content of the programme was explored in order to find ways to increase its impact. Data was collected using individual and focus group interviews, artefact analysis and observation. After the first cohort, a second cohort completed a revised version of the programme. The outcomes from the programme demonstrated that the inclusion of all stakeholders in the design of a long-term programme with contextualized content is critical. Collective follow-up including observation, feedback and action planning has a significant impact on professional learning. 相似文献
9.
在调研和田地区民族中小学＂双语＂教学现状的基础上,以系统论为指导,对现状和问题进行了深刻反思,深入分析了民汉双语教学的内涵、根本目标、本质特征以及＂双语＂教学系统存在的若干问题,进而从理论框架与实践框架两个层面提出了构建基于系统论的民汉双语教学模式。在理论框架的构建中,笔者主张科学界定＂双语＂教学、准确定位＂双语＂教学目标、确立正确的学生观、确立整体优化与动态平衡的教学观等;在实践框架的构建中,笔者主张大力提升教师队伍的＂双语＂教学能力素质、培养学生良好的＂双语＂学习行为习惯、加强＂双语＂教材体系建设、优化中小学校＂双语＂教学环境、构建科学的＂双语＂教学质量评估指标体系等。这些策略对于引导新疆民族中小学走出＂双语＂教学误区,改革教学模式,提升＂双语＂教学质量,具有积极的理论和现实意义。 相似文献
10.
In this study, we present the long-term influence of an after school science practicum associated with an elementary science methods course. The practicum or field experience could be considered a community-based service learning programme as it is situated both within and for the community. Study participants included eight third- and fifth-grade teachers who had participated in elementary science methods courses; four of these teachers participated in the after school teaching practicum while four participants experienced a more traditional observation-based elementary science practicum. All of these teachers were in their second or third year teaching which was 3–4 years after taking the methods course. Investigation methods included questionnaires, field observations and semi-structured, individual interviews. Teachers more regularly utilised reform-based teaching strategies and cited the after school teaching practicum as preparing them to use these strategies in their own classrooms. All teachers exhibited a growth mindset to some degree, but the after school practicum participants did demonstrate a wider use of reformed-based teaching strategies and a higher growth mindset. Elementary teachers perceive risk associated with these key aspects of instruction: (1) managing instruction and classroom management, (2) teaching science through guided inquiry, and (3) overcoming adoptions in other ‘mandated’ curriculum like math and reading. 相似文献
11.
GARY L. MARCO 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1974,11(4):225-234
The purpose of this study was to compare nine school effectiveness indices computed by five different methods from longitudinal data. The data consisted of Total Reading scores from the Metropolitan Primary II Achievement Test administered to third-graders in 70 elementary schools. The various school effectiveness indices differed somewhat from one another and had different correlational patterns with other variables. Further, most of the school effectiveness indices were highly stable across samples. The methods should be tried out in schools of reputed quality, so that the validities of the various indices can be studied. The stabilities of the various school effectiveness indices over time should also be studied. 相似文献
12.
The present study investigated the development of linguistic awareness in children exposed to the early learning of a second language in Grades 3–5 of primary school, i.e. between the ages of 8 and 10. The aim was to determine whether this bilingual experience enhanced the development of phonological awareness in beginning readers in a bilingual French-regional language school programme compared with a population of monolingual children receiving traditional education. More specifically, in light of research promoting the hypothesis of a “bilingual advantage”, we set out to determine exactly how long children need to be exposed to a second language before bilingualism starts to influence the development of their phonological awareness. Tasks designed to assess phonological awareness were administered to more than a hundred children. Results suggest that children who have undergone a bilingual school programme display a more highly developed phonological awareness than their monolingual peers from age 9 onwards, i.e. in Grade 4. These results are discussed in the light of ongoing research on bilingualism, bilingual education and threshold theory. 相似文献
13.
There is little research in the developing countries of South East Asia on the effectiveness of bilingual education programmes that use first language instruction for ethnic minority children. This study investigated the effectiveness of a bilingual education programme involving ethnic minority children in Cambodia by comparing their performance in mathematics, Khmer literacy and oral Khmer to their ethnic minority peers whose education is in the national language only. The findings show that students in the bilingual schools performed better in mathematics than their peers in the monolingual schools, but the differences in Khmer literacy and oral Khmer test scores were statistically insignificant. The study suggests that bilingual education using first language instruction could benefit academic development among ethnic minority students in Cambodia, at least in terms of mathematics achievement. 相似文献
14.
文章以南北疆双语师资培训调研为基础,重点反映2004-2005年间新疆维吾尔自治区中小学少数民族双语师资培训在教学内容、教学方法和教学效果等方面的情况,同时提供作者对这些问题的思考和改进建议,旨在为政府有关部门进一步完善自治区双语教师培训方案、提高新疆中小学少数民族双语教师培训质量提供参考依据。 相似文献
15.
中学英语成绩测试是中学英语教学中的重要环节,对准确评估学生的学习和教师的教学具有重要的意义。实践中,由于教师和教学管理人员在语言测试方面存在的模糊认识,往往使测试的信度和效度得不到应有的保证,从而使测试不能全面反映教学情况。文章从测试的试题命制开始探讨,分析了施考、阅卷、成绩分析四个环节中容易出现的九种问题,提出在新课程标准的背景下,教师要促进自身业务的不断发展,必须重视英语语言测试。 相似文献
16.
赵建梅 《新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012,(5):94-100
教学模式是保证双语教育培养目标有效实施的方案。依据新疆双语教育培养双语双文化人目标,文章通过研究国外双语教育模式以及深入的田野调查,构建出田野点乌鲁木齐市T区双语教育模式:早期部分浸没式,即从学前开始实施双语教育,在母语文与汉语文并行作为课程开设的同时,文科课程使用母语授课,理科及英语课程使用汉语授课,同时进行课程整合,大学时,班主任主要由汉语文老师担任等。同时探讨了民考汉教学模式:加授母语文课;升学考试(中考、高考)中用母语文成绩替换现有民考汉加分。 相似文献
17.
Carrie Cable 《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2013,36(2):207-222
In recent years there has been a considerable growth in the number of teaching assistants (teacher aides in the USA) in UK schools and in the diversity and range of their roles and responsibilities. Although these roles vary in different parts of the UK, an increasing number of assistants now work alongside teachers to support children's learning. Some teaching assistants and instructors are bilingual in the languages spoken by children in their schools and draw on their knowledge of other languages in providing support for children's cognitive and language development. Many bilingual teaching assistants carry out similar roles to their monolingual colleagues but, in addition, are involved in facilitating communication and mediating interaction between home, school and local communities. However, their roles and contribution to children's learning are often not clearly defined and are certainly under‐researched. 相似文献
18.
Satish Verma 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(4):255-258
Abstract The threats to traditional cultural landscapes and the concomitant demands from society for remedial landscape management represent a new challenge for agricultural education. The research described here examined the extent to which relevant landscape management skills and knowledge are transferred to would-be farmers (if at all) within the Austrian agricultural school system. A plurilateral approach was taken, involving a standardised text evaluation of curricula (as defined in legislative documents), examination of further vocational training programmes for teachers, and investigation of the actual teaching situation in selected schools. This combination of methods produced a comprehensive overview of the situation in agricultural schools and academies with regard to landscape management teaching. The teaching programmes prescribed by law and the actual programmes carried out by teachers were compared with a theoretical ‘best-case’ programme for teaching landscape management, and this revealed considerable shortcomings in current teaching. The research also identified potential constraints to the integration of landscape management elements within the agricultural school system. 相似文献
19.
地方性普通高校实施双语教学的探索 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在经济发展全球化进程加快的背景下，我国高校启动了双语教学改革。地方性普通高校在实施双语教学过程中，在师资力量、教学管理、学生学习能力、人事制度、教学研究等方面存在诸多问题。但是，随着双语教育理念的不断更新，地方性高校要在办学定位、人才培养方向、师资队伍建设、教学环境创谩、教学实验与研究、学生学习能力提高、教学方法与手段等方面不断强化改革，探索出适合地方性高校实施双语教学的有效逢径。 相似文献
20.
Evaluating multigrade school reform in Latin America 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Patrick J. McEwan 《比较教育学》2008,44(4):465-483
This paper describes three multigrade school reforms in Latin America: (1) Colombia’s Escuela Nueva, (2) Guatemala’s Nueva Escuela Unitaria, and (3) Chile’s MECE‐Rural. Each reform endowed primary teachers and students with special training and instructional materials, and encouraged new kinds of instruction in rural classrooms, with the goal of improving student learning. The paper discusses the challenges to evaluating school reforms in a rural context. It then reviews the international literature on each reform, assessing whether reforms were effectively implemented and whether they caused improvement in student outcomes. Even in the best cases, multigrade schools were not fully implemented. There is consistent evidence of positive effects on student achievement. Yet, the causal interpretation of evaluation findings is severely limited, especially in Guatemala and Chile. It concludes with suggestions for improving multigrade evaluations. 相似文献