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为探讨休克时血液和淋巴微循环超微结构的改变及其与细胞变化之间的关系,本文对14只大鼠,用透射电镜观察了正常肠系膜微淋巴管、微血管的超微结构和失血性休克不同时期的变化,以及去甲肾上腺素、酚苄明对肠系膜微循环超微结构的影响。结果发现:失血性休克时微血管和微淋巴管内皮细胞均有不同程度的损伤,尤以晚期严重,出现细胞器溶解,微血管内红细胞、血小板聚集,堵塞管腔,酚苄明和去甲肾上腺素均可减轻微淋巴管的损伤,前者对部分微血管有一定的保护作用。同时,对上述变化的意义和肠系膜淋巴管的构筑进行了讨论。 相似文献
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酚苄明的抗休克疗效各家报导不一,认为其机理是解除微血管痉挛,本文观察失血性休克时肠系膜微淋巴管、微血管的变化,以及酚苄明对其影响。发现失血性休克时,淋巴管的收缩频率和总收缩活性指数降低,晚期动力学指数降低;酚苄明使淋巴管总收缩活性指数及动力学指数增大,休克后该指数下降至给药前水平,至休克晚期方降低。而且血压维持40mmHg初期,可见淋巴管的收缩分数增大。休克时肠系膜细动脉和细静脉均收缩,出现流态改变,酚苄明可显著解除微血管痉挛,尤以二级细静脉明显,同时改善微血流,但对休克晚期的微循环障碍未见显著改善。提示早期应用酚苄明对防治休克有一定作用。 相似文献
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休克时体内有去甲肾上腺素含量的变化,临床对α受体阻断剂治疗休克看法不一。本文研究失血性休克大鼠肠系膜微血管和淋巴管对去甲肾上腺素反应性的变化,探讨休克的微循环变化及其与去甲肾上腺素的关系。结果发现,失血性休克时微血管的口径收缩,休克初期淋巴管收缩分数增加,休克晚期淋巴管总收缩活性指数降低,同时微血管及淋巴管对去甲肾上腺素的反应性降低,这可能是晚期微循环障碍、休克失代偿的机制之一,为临床选择药物提供了理论根据。 相似文献
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大活络丸的抗炎作用及对血液流变学的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大活络丸对二甲苯、鸡蛋清及福氏佐剂引起的炎症反应有明显的抑制作用,可改善实验性微循环障碍,抑制ADP诱导的血小板聚集,降低大鼠全血比粘度和血浆比粘度,有明显活血化瘀作用. 相似文献
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根据目前研究肥大细胞的功能不只是参与炎症及过敏反应,随着对肥大细胞释放物的深入研究,人们已考虑到它可能对微循环有一定调节作用,为此我们在不同类型的实验休克时,除观察微血管和微淋巴管的形态和动力学变化的同时,利用光、电镜观察了大鼠肠系膜肥大细胞的形态学变化。发现失血性休克也和过敏性休克一样能引起肥大细胞体积增大和脱颗粒性分泌活动增强。以酚苄明防止休克为佐证说明失血性休克时可能由于缺氧及休克因子的刺激,使肥大细胞的代谢和分泌功能活跃。由于肥大细胞分泌血管活性物质,尤其是组胺类物质的增多,又加速了休克的进展及微循环衰竭。 相似文献
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微循环障碍是休克发病机制的中心环节,但对过敏性休克的微循环变化尚未深入研究。本文用显微电视录相技术,观察大鼠过敏性休克时肠系膜微血管的口径,流态及微淋巴管自主收缩性、静态口径的变化。结果表明,给致敏大鼠注射决定性剂量后,血压急剧下降。注射后第1分钟,细动脉二、三级分支及细静脉一级分支口径显著扩张,随后细动脉一级分支及细静脉二级分支也相继扩张,并有微血流减慢,流态紊乱,甚至血流停滞和出血。注射后第2分钟淋巴管各收缩性指数显著降低。血液和淋巴微循环障碍的特点可能是过敏性休克较其他休克发生急、进展快的机制之一。 相似文献
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四甲基吡嗪(Tetramethypyrazine, TMPz)俗名川芎嗪,系从川芎的生物碱中分离得到的有效单体(川芎Ⅰ号),现已人工合成用于临床。TMPz可扩张小动脉,改善微循环和脑血流,具有抗血小板聚集作用并对已聚集的血小板有解聚作用。目前,有关川芎嗪的结构、理化性质、药理作用等研究较多,药物代谢动力学(pharmacokinetics,PK)报道尚少,特别是在疾病状态下PK研究更少。 1 药代动力学研究 动物和临床药代动力学研究表明,川芎嗪具有吸收速度快、分布广泛和消除迅速的特点,不同动物所得房室数也有不 相似文献
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本实验采用肠淋巴管引流术,在失血性休克大鼠模型的基础上,观察高渗盐水治疗失血性休克过程中肠淋巴流量及其蛋白含量的变化,旨在探讨高渗盐水对失血性休克大鼠治疗的淋巴机制。结果表明,休克大鼠输入高渗盐水或生理盐水后,两组大鼠的血压、肠淋巴流量及其蛋白输出量均比休克期明显升高,高渗盐水治疗组显著高于生理盐水对照组(P<0.01),而且治疗组大鼠肠淋巴流量及其蛋白输出量远远高于休克前水平(P<0.01)。结果提示,高渗盐水的抗休克机制可能与其恢复休克大鼠的淋巴流量及其蛋白输出量、改善休克时肠淋巴循环障碍有关。 相似文献
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Hypertonic saline resuscitation maintains a more balanced profile of T-lymphocyte subpopulations in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Objective： To investigate the potential and early effect of hypertonic saline resuscitation on T-lymphocyte subpopulations in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods： A model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock was established in 18 Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats. The rats were randomly divided into Sham group, HTS group （hypertonic saline resuscitation group） and NS group （normal saline resuscitation group）. Each group contained 6 rats. The CD4~ and CD8~ subpopulations of T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood were detected respectively before shock and after resuscitation by double antibody labelling and flow cytometry. Results： In the early stage after hemorrhagic shock, fluid resuscitation and emergency treatment, the CD4^＋ lymphocytes of peripheral blood in HTS and NS groups markedly increased. Small volume resuscitation with HTS also induced peripheral CD8^＋ lymphocytes to a certain extent, whereas NS resuscitation showed no effect in this respect. Consequently, compared with Sham and HTS groups, CD4^＋/CD8^＋ ratio of peripheral blood in NS group was obviously increased, and showed statistically differences. Conclusion： In this model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock, small volume resuscitation with HTS is more effective than NS in reducing immunologic disorders and promoting a more balanced profile of T-lymphocyte subpopulations regulating network. 相似文献
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Hypertonic saline resuscitation reduces apoptosis of intestinal mucosa in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Objective: To investigate the early effects of hypertonic and isotonic saline solutions on apoptosis of intestinal mueosa in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods: A model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock was established in 21 Spragne-Dawley (SD) rats. The rats were randomly divided into the sham group, normal saline resuscitation (NS) group, and hypertonic saline resuscitation (HTS) group, with 7 in each group. We detected and compared the apoptosis in small intestinal mucosa of rats after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL), FITC (fluo-rescein-iso-tbiocyanate)-Annexin V/PI (propidium iodide) double staining method, and flow cytometry. Results: In the early stage of hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation, marked apoptosis of small intestinal mucosa in the rats of both NS and HTS groups was observed. The numbers of apoptotic cells in these two groups were significantly greater than that in the sham group (P＜0.01). In the HTS group, the apoptic cells significantly decreased, compared with the NS group (P＜0.01). Conclusion: In this rat model of severe hemorrhagic shock, the HTS resuscitation of small volume is more effective than the NS resuscitation in reducing apoptosis of intestinal mucosa in rats, which may improve the prognosis of trauma. 相似文献
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Lu Yuan-qiang Cai Xiu-jun Gu Lin-hui Fan Yu-jing Wang Qi Bao De-guo 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2005,6(9):907-912
Objective: To observe the effects of three fluid resuscitation methods on apoptosis of visceral organs in rats with hemorrhagic
shock. Methods: A model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock and active bleeding was established in 32 SD (Sprague-Dawley)
rats. The rats were randomly divided into control group, no fluid resuscitation group (NF group), controlled fluid resuscitation
group (NS40 group) and rapid large scale fluid resuscitation group (NS80 group). Each group contained 8 rats. The curative
effects were compared. At the same time, the apoptosis in liver, kidney, lung and small intestinal mucosa of survivors after
hemorrhage and resuscitation was detected by light microscopy in HE (hematoxylin and eosin) stained tissue sections, flow
cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL). Results: The survival rate of early fluid
resuscitation (14/16) was markedly higher than that of NF group (3/8). There was some apoptosis in liver, kidney, lung and
small intestinal mucosa of all survivors. Compared with NF and NS40 groups, the apoptosis of liver, kidney and small intestinal
mucosa of NS80 group was obviously increased. Conclusions: Among three fluid resuscitation methods, controlled fluid resuscitation
can obviously improve the early survival rate and the apoptosis of liver, kidney and small intestinal mucosa in rats with
severe and uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, and may benefit improvement of prognosis. 相似文献
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Lu YQ Cai XJ Gu LH Fan YJ Wang Q Bao DG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(9):907-912
INTRODUCTION Hemorrhagic shock is a common clinic emer- gency case. Successful treatment includes surgical control of hemorrhage and restoration of tissue per- fusion. Current guidelines for presurgical treatment of patients with hemorrhagic shock recommend rapid volume resuscitation to normal blood pressure as quickly as possible. The practice is controversial because aggressive restoration of intravascular vol- ume and rapid increasing of blood pressure before securing hemostasis may ex… 相似文献
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淋巴液对正常血压大鼠的平均动脉压[MAP]、左室收缩压[LVSP]及左室舒张末压[LVEDP]与生理盐水对照组各项指标相比无显著差异[P>>0.05];而对失血性休克大鼠的MAP、LVSP具有显著回升作用[P<0.01],而对休克时LVEP的恢复无明显作用[P>0.05]。提示:淋巴液只能提高休克心脏的收缩功能,在低血容量情况下对休克心脏的舒张功能无明显影响,对正常心脏的收缩和舒张功能均无明显影响。 相似文献
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Zhang Y Liang ZY Zhang SY Huang FF Wu W Gao Y Chen ZB 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2008,9(11):871-878
Objective: To determine the effects of albumin administration on lung injury and apoptosis in traumatic/hemorrhagic shock (T/HS) rats. Methods: Studies were performed on an in vivo model of spontaneously breathing rats with induced T/HS; the rats were subjected to femur fracture, ischemia for 30 min, and reperfusion for 20 min with Ringer’s lactate solution (RS) or 5% (w/v) albumin (ALB), and the left lower lobes of the lungs were resected. Results: Albumin administered during reperfusion markedly attenuate... 相似文献
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大鼠重度失血性休克30min后,左心室内压的最大上升速率( dp/dt max)和左心室收缩压(LVSP)都显著下降(P<0.01),而左心室舒张末压(LVEDP)却有所增高(P<0.05)。说明心肌的收缩功能和舒张功能均出现障碍,给少量淋巴液后(用量为0.5ml/100g体重)使休克时下降的左心室内压的最大上升速率和左心室收缩压显著回升(P<0.05),而增高的左心室舒张末压回落不明显,提示淋巴液可改善休克心肌的收缩功能障碍,但对低血容量情况下的心肌舒张功能无明显改善。 相似文献
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以少量胸导管淋巴液和肠淋巴液给予补液干予治疗的重症失血性休克大鼠,用生理盐水做对照,观察其对血压及存活时间的影响,以探讨不同部位淋巴液维持血压的共同特性。结果表明:胸导管淋巴液及肠淋巴液回升血压及延长存活时间作用均显著优于对照组(P<0.05～0.01),而两个治疗组间未见统计学差异(P>0.05)。结果提示:胸导管淋巴液和肠淋巴液对失血性休克大鼠均有较好的抗休克作用。 相似文献