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1.
锑是一个可长距离输送的全球性有毒元素,但锑在河口不同环境要素中的迁移、转化以及其地球化学行为特征最近才引起国际社会的关注。为了揭示锑元素在长江口及其邻近海域的富集程度、物质来源及其潜在生态环境影响,本次研究以长江口及邻近海域29. 5°～32. 5°N,121°～124. 5°E区域内表层沉积物样品为研究对象,基于沉积物全样Al、Ca、Si、Ni等主量元素,以及Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Sb、Sr、Zn等微量元素的含量检测分析,并采用地积累指数和潜在生态风险指数展开了锑元素在研究海域表层沉积物中累积程度和潜在生态风险。研究结果表明研究区内表层沉积物中的锑含量范围为0. 44～4. 41μg/g,平均值为1. 15μg/g;已达到了偏中度污染水平,并且具有着较高的潜在生态风险,尤其是在长江入海口南支与杭州湾内锑元素具有很高的潜在生态风险。通过主成分分析方法认为锑元素的主要物质来源为长江径流输入以及人为活动输入。 相似文献
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为了解东海北部海域表层沉积物重金属元素空间分布特征,地球化学分区及其产生原因,搜集了近期研究区沉积物调查资料,经过分析讨论,结果表明:研究区各重金属元素空间分布类似,有近岸高、远岸低的特点,有3个重金属含量高值区,1个低值区;研究区可划分为11个地球化学分区,包括钱塘江、长江口两个河口区,江苏至浙江近海的6个近岸海区,以及邻近的3个陆架分区;物源及水动力条件对重金属元素的分布具有控制作用,而沉积物的粒度和有机质含量对其有重要影响。 相似文献
3.
以珠江近岸河口海域为研究对象,利用该区域2003-2005年沉积物中重金属元素(Co、Cu、Ni、Pb、Cr、Zn、Zr)含量实测资料和相关统计数据,通过对该区沉积环境分析的基础上建立简化计算模型,对该区域沉积物中重金属元素的输入、输出以及沉降富集含量进行了定量计算。结果表明,年均输入、输出以及沉降在研究区的重金属含量惊人,其中Cr和Zn富集最大,均超过2000 t/a,其次为Cu、Ni、Pb,均超过1000 t/a,Co富集相对较少。定量计算分析结果对于进行该区域的环境治理具有一定的指导作用,并且更加明确了河口近岸海域作为陆地和海洋的过度区域具有重要的生态和环境意义。 相似文献
4.
采用Mastersizer2000型激光粒度分析仪对河北省深州市南部一钻孔进行详细的第四纪沉积物粒度分析.所测数据利用SigmaPlot软件绘制出沉积物粒度频率曲线、概率累积曲线和粒度众数曲线.根据曲线变化情况,结合地质背景、岩性等相关资料,对研究区第四纪沉积环境进行分析解释.研究表明,激光粒度分析法能给出连续的粒径信息以便绘制各种粒度曲线,能够较灵敏地反映沉积环境及其水动力条件的细微变化. 相似文献
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王艳华 《内蒙古科技与经济》2013,(11):69+77
对用空气中固相反应烧结法以掺杂稀土锰氧化物(La0.7Y0.3)2/3A1/3MnO3(A=Ca,Sr)多晶样品,利用振动样品磁强计研究了样品的磁性质;利用四引线测电阻法对晶体磁电阻进行了测量,发现以不同的碱土金属部分替代La1-xAxMnO3中的La,碱土金属元素的掺入量对其磁性质也有一定的影响;同一配方组成条件下掺Sr比掺Ca样品的磁电阻随磁场变化更明显。 相似文献
8.
自然沼泽湿地开垦前后土壤中微量元素含量的变化 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
以三江平原腹地挠力河、别拉洪河、浓江河流域自然沼泽湿地和开垦后的农田 (旱田和水田 )为研究对象 ,研究了自然沼泽湿地开垦前后土壤中 1 3种微量元素含量的变化 .结果表明 ,与自然沼泽湿地相比 ,农田土壤中B、Cd、Cu、Ni和Zn的含量较低 ,Ba、Be、Co、Cr、Mn、Pb、Sr、Ti的含量较高 ;自然沼泽湿地土壤中元素垂直分布分层性较明显 ,而农田土壤中 ,除Pb外 ,其他元素含量的剖面变化较自然沼泽湿地平缓 ,但剖面变化的趋势基本一致 (B和Cd除外 ) ;某些元素的相关性 ,农田不如自然沼泽湿地明显 相似文献
9.
闽东南的海边斜闪煌斑岩脉和赤湖辉长岩脉分别形成于晚白垩世和古新世,为高钾钙碱性和钙碱性系列岩石,具有高Al、Na2O＞K2O的特征;岩浆演化过程中可能经历了以橄榄石、单斜辉石为主的结晶分异作用.海边和赤湖基性岩脉具有相对富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高强场元素特征,不相容元素蛛网图显示出大陆边缘弧的地球化学特征,以Nb、Ta、Ti负异常为特征;海边和赤湖明显富集轻稀土元素,（La/Yb）N分别为5.0～10.9和11.2～12.0.具有高Sr同位素初始值和低εNd（t）值,海边的（^87Sr/^86Sr）i：0.70577～0.707574,εNd（t）：-8.1～-1.8,赤湖的（^87Sr/^86Sr）i：0.70547～0.70552,εNd（t）：-0.2～0.6.根据Sr、Nd同位素、微量元素研究及野外地质观察,本区基性岩脉的岩浆在上升侵位过程中未发生地壳物质混染.通过Sr、Nd同位素和微量元素等研究,认为地幔源区的演化与古太平洋板块俯冲密切相关,俯冲流体交代地幔楔、消减洋壳携带的海洋与陆源沉积物参与地幔源区的混合,形成本区基性岩脉的富集地幔源区,大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素特别富集是俯冲流体与沉积物共同参与源区演化的结果.海边和赤湖基性岩脉形成的构造背景属于活动大陆边缘弧,构造性质应为活动陆缘拉张带（或裂谷带）.晚白垩世和古新世,闽东南发生了地壳拉张事件,与中国东南部晚白垩世以来的地壳拉张期次是一致. 相似文献
10.
沉积物粒径趋势与海洋沉积动力学 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
沉积物粒度数据除可用来识别沉积环境的类型或判定物质运动方式之外,还可用于海洋环境中沉积物输运方向的研究,即将沉积物净输运方向与粒度参数的空间变化(粒径趋势)相联系。利用粒径趋势分析,可根据粒度参数的平面分布图式定义粒径趋势矢量,进而将趋势矢量转换为沉积物净输运图像。粒径趋势分析的基本假设是,沿着净输运方向,某种粒径趋势出现的概率远高于其在别的方向上出现的概率。初步研究表明这个假设是成立的,但今后还需要从物理原理上说明粒径趋势与颗粒态物质运动的关系,从水槽实验和数学模型实验入手,进一步完善这一分析方法。以促进粒度特征研究乃至颗粒态物质动力学的进步。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献