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Unlike a telephone or telgraph cable, a broadcast, once sent out over the air, can only be “stopped” at the receiving end. If the potential listeners have radio receiving sets able to pick up the broadcast, it can only be stopped by causing such radio interference as to make it difficult or impossible to listen to the original broadcast. Over the years, several nations have assumed the large cost of producing such interference, or “jamming,” so as to prevent their citizens from listening to the broadcasts of other nations. An expensive and often inefficient technique, jamming was then believed preferable to allowing unrestricted and uncensored international communication by radio. Mr. Ranjan Borra, who was associated with All India Radio and with the Voice of America for several years and is currently on the staff of the Library of Congress describes both the background and some of the encouraging recent developments in the field of jamming and other impediments to international broadcasting.  相似文献   

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In this article, author Wes Jackson reminds us that the professions have a special responsibility to their knowledge heritage-what he calls “a way of knowing” about our current society, its recent changes and those that will come in our lifetimes. He points out that talk radio and the even more bizarre guerilla war of manipulated-issue television are not the place to get at the imperative facts about our way of life. The centerpiece of Jackson's concern is world climate change. He calls on professionals to use their scientifically based “way of knowing” to decide and help carry out the action that must be taken if climate change is going to be reversed. The problem, quite simply, is to find a way to power the Planet Earth on one-fifth of the carbon-based fuels that we use today to sustain our lifestyles and our commerce. Jackson points out that this challenge is a huge one, and that to be effective in this cause, lots of “neutral” professionals are going to have to become proactive in helping find and implement climate solutions.  相似文献   

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Using the United States and Great Britain as a comparative case study, this article employs a historical framework to consider the broad array of social, cultural, political, and economic contexts that led to divergent outcomes in the early development of broadcasting policy. This comparative historical analysis reveals the causal chains formed before the 1920s despite a period of post-war contingency. As a policy option, government control was removed in the United States but stayed in place in Britain after the war. This comparative approach can help to explain policy outcomes and inform modern policy debates.  相似文献   

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Using communication accommodation theory as a framework, this study explores and compares communication patterns of international medical graduate (IMG) physicians and United States medical graduate (USMG) physicians in intergroup, interpersonal, and intercultural context. Given that every fourth doctor practicing medicine in the U.S. is an internationally trained physician (AMA-IMG, 2010) an examination of the influence on patient-provider communication involving IMG physician and comparison with USMG physician is warranted. In a national survey of IMG and USMG physicians, the participants self-reported their perceptions of communication behaviors they used during a medical interaction. Although no difference was found between IMG and USMG physicians use of communication accommodation strategies during medical interaction, IMG physicians reported practicing significantly more relational communication than their U.S. counterparts. USMG physicians reported greater difficulty in communication owing to differences in culture than IMG physicians. Implication of findings for patient-centered communication, patient-physician relationship, and communication skills training is discussed.  相似文献   

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Hospital libraries serving military bases offer a different perspective on library services. Two libraries located on islands in the Pacific Ocean provide services to active duty service men and women, including those deployed to other regions of the world. In addition, these hospital libraries serve service members’ families living on the base, and often citizens from the surrounding communities.  相似文献   

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Since 1981 the Babson College Entrepreneurship Research Conference (BCERC) has published cutting-edge entrepreneurship research. Using bibliometric techniques, this study examined the 3,395 items included in Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, the BCERC proceedings, between 1981 and 2008. The results show that entrepreneurship is a highly collaborative, interdisciplinary field with an increasingly international focus. The results offer an understanding of the demographic, institutional, and topical trends within the field. This research provides valuable insights into the structure of entrepreneurship that librarians can use to provide better assistance to their entrepreneurship scholars.  相似文献   

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The daily “Morning Report” is a fixture in many residency programs. In the past, librarians have attended this meeting and, in various ways, worked to enhance the resident learning experience. At the academic children's hospital discussed in this study, the concept was taken a step further. Together with the chief residents, the librarian provided a complete “learning package” consisting of the case write-up along with relevant, librarian-filtered, evidence-based information. The learning package was then e-mailed to all residents and some of the attending physicians. This program led to a huge increase in the use of library resources and services as well as a renewed recognition of the value of the library and the librarians.  相似文献   

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《Journalism Practice》2013,7(10):1259-1276
This study draws on the theoretical framework of collective memory to ascertain the ways in which a story from journalism’s past—Daniel Ellsberg and the Pentagon Papers—was brought to bear in coverage and commentary of a broadly analogous story in journalism’s present—WikiLeaks, Chelsea (formerly Bradley) Manning, and Edward Snowden. The discourse was far from uniform, which we see as indicative of the contingencies of collective memory. We find four themes: (1) lack of consensus on whether Ellsberg, Manning, and Snowden constituted a lineage of leakers, as some journalists contended, or if there are distinctions to be drawn; (2) discussion about the contingencies of historical representation and awareness of the role of “victors” in shaping history; (3) celebrations of journalism and its storied history amid a backdrop of flux; and (4) discussion of changes in technology and how they impacted the methods of the leakers. Theoretical and methodological implications for the study of journalism and collective memory are discussed.  相似文献   

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The article summarizes the fourth conference of the Baltic Heritage Network, held in Rīga, Latvia on June 30–July 2, 2015.  相似文献   

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